Al-Jammasin al-Gharbi
{{pp-extended|small=yes}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Al-Jammasin al-Gharbi
| native_name = الجمْاسين الغربي
| native_name_lang = ar
| settlement_type = Village
| etymology = The western buffalo breedersKhalidi, 1992, p. 244
| pushpin_map = Mandatory Palestine | pushpin_map_caption = Location within Mandatory Palestine | image_map = {{Historical map series|default=2|date1=1870s|date2=1940s|date3=modern|date4=1940s with modern overlay|width=225|name=al-Jammasin al-Gharbi}} | map_caption = A series of historical maps of the area around Al-Jammasin al-Gharbi (click the buttons)
| pushpin_mapsize = 200
| coordinates = {{coord|32|05|34|N|34|47|50|E|type:city_region:PS|display=inline,title}}
| grid_name = Palestine grid
| grid_position = 131/166
| subdivision_type = Geopolitical entity
| subdivision_name = Mandatory Palestine
| subdivision_type1 = Subdistrict
| subdivision_name1 = Jaffa
| established_title1 = Date of depopulation
| established_date1 = March 17, 1948Morris, 2004, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C&pg=PR18 xviii], village #204. Also gives cause of depopulation.
| established_title2 = Repopulated dates
| unit_pref = dunam
| population_as_of = 1945
| population_total = 1080Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/VSpages/VS1945_p27.jpg 27]Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20I/Jaffa/Page-052.jpg 52]
| blank_name_sec1 = Cause(s) of depopulation
| blank_info_sec1 = Fear of being caught up in the fighting
}}
Al-Jammasin al-Gharbi was a Palestinian Arab village in the Jaffa Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1947–48 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on March 17, 1948. It was located 6.5 km northeast of Jaffa.
Etymology
The name refers to the Jammasin tribe, a plural form of the Arabic word "jammas", meaning a water buffalo grower. Al-Gharbi is an adjective which means "the western", pertaining to the western part of the tribe.{{Cite journal |last=Marom |first=Roy |last2=Zadok |first2=Ran |date=2023 |title=Early-Ottoman Palestinian Toponymy: A Linguistic Analysis of the (Micro-)Toponyms in Haseki Sultan’s Endowment Deed (1552) |url=https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0cs6f5k5 |journal=Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins |language=en |volume=139 |issue=2}}
History
Al-Jammasin's inhabitants were known to be descendants of nomads from the Jordan Valley. In 1596, a Jammasin tribe appear in the Ottoman census, located in the Nahiya of Bani Sa'b of the Liwa of Nablus, paying taxes on water buffalos. Khalidi writes that it is not certain that this was the same tribe that settled the two Jammasin villages.Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 139. Cited in Khalidi, 1992, p. 244 The tribe was known to have settled in the area by the 18th century.
=British Mandate era=
In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, the tribal area of Jammasin had a population of 200 Muslims,Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Jaffa, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n22/mode/1up 20] while in the 1931 census Jammasin el-Gharbiya had 566 Muslim inhabitants.Mills, 1932, p. [https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 17]
In the 1945 statistics the population of Al-Jammasin al-Gharbi consisted of 1,080 Muslims and the total land area was 1,365 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey. Of this land, Arabs used 202 dunams for citrus and bananas, 151 for plantations and irrigable land, 173 for cereals,Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20II/Jaffa/Page-095.jpg 95] while a total of 149 dunams were non-cultivable areas.Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20III/Jaffa/Page-145.jpg 145]
The children attended school on Al-Shaykh Muwannis.
=1948, aftermath=
In December, 1947, Jewish agents reported that Arabs were leaving the Al-Jammasin villages.Morris, 2004, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C&pg=PA67 67] In December 1947 and January 1948 the leaders of al-Shaykh Muwannis, Al-Mas'udiyya, Al-Jammasin al-Sharqi/Al-Jammasin al-Gharbi, and the mukhtars of Ijlil al-Qibliyya, Ijlil al-Shamaliyya and Abu Kishk met with Haganah representatives in Petah Tikva. These villages wanted peace, and promised not to harbor any Arab Liberation Armies or local Arab Militia. They further promised that, in the case they were not able to keep them out alone, they were to call on Haganah for help.Morris, 2004, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C&l&pg=PA91 91] The Jammasin villages, together with Abu Kishk, also jointly approached a Jewish police officer at Ramat Gan.Morris, 2004, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C&l&pg=PA92 92], note #143, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C&l&pg=PA145 145]
References
{{Reflist|25em}}
Bibliography
{{Refbegin}}
- {{cite book | editor =Barron, J.B. | title = Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922 |url=https://archive.org/details/PalestineCensus1922 |publisher = Government of Palestine | year = 1923}}
- {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NXMPAQAAMAAJ |first=R.|last=Esber |author-link=Rosemarie Esber |year=2008 |title=Under the Cover of War, The Zionist Expulsions of the Palestinians |isbn=978-0981513171 |publisher=Arabicus Books & Media}}
- {{cite book|title=Village Statistics, April, 1945 |url=http://web.nli.org.il/sites/nli/Hebrew/library/Pages/BookReader.aspx?pid=856390|author=Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics|year=1945}}
- {{cite book|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|first=S.|last=Hadawi|author-link=Sami Hadawi|year=1970|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center|access-date=2009-08-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181208215837/http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|archive-date=2018-12-08|url-status=dead}}
- {{cite book | last1= Hütteroth |first1=W.-D.|author-link1=Wolf-Dieter Hütteroth |first2=K. | last2=Abdulfattah |author-link2=Kamal Abdulfattah| title = Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=wqULAAAAIAAJ | year = 1977 | publisher = Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft|isbn= 3-920405-41-2}}
- {{cite book|title=All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_By7AAAAIAAJ |first=W.|last=Khalidi|author-link=Walid Khalidi|year=1992|location=Washington D.C.|publisher=Institute for Palestine Studies|isbn=0-88728-224-5}}
- {{cite book | editor = Mills, E. | title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas |url=https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas | publisher = Government of Palestine | location = Jerusalem | year = 1932}}
- {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C |first=B.|last=Morris |author-link=Benny Morris |year=2004 |title=The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited|isbn=978-0-521-00967-6 |publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
{{Refend}}
External links
- [http://www.palestineremembered.com/Jaffa/al-Jammasin-al-Gharbi/index.html Welcome To al-Jammasin al-Gharbi]
- [http://www.zochrot.org/en/village/49093 al-Jammasin al-Gharbi], Zochrot
- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 13: [http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?folder_id=93&type_id=6&id=8375 IAA], [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Survey_of_Western_Palestine_1880.13.jpg Wikimedia commons]
{{Palestinian Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Palestine War}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Al-Jammasin Al-Gharbi}}
Category:Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War