Al-Kamal ibn al-Humam
{{Short description|Egyptian Hanafi-Maturidi, polymath, legal theorist and jurist}}
{{Infobox religious biography
| image =
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| name = Kamal al-Din ibn al-Humam
{{lang|ar|كمال الدين بن الهمام}}
| title = Kamal al-Din{{cite book|author=David Dean Commins|title=Islamic Reform: Politics and Social Change in Late Ottoman Syria|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nOtuLf-HRQQC|date=1990|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780195362947|page=74}}{{cite book|author=Sherman A. Jackson|title=Islam and the Problem of Black Suffering|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VFK9zAsJtHcC|date=2009|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780195382068|page=102}} — Shaykh al-Islam{{cite web|url=https://www.dar-alifta.org/AR/ViewScientist.aspx?sec=new&ID=85&LangID=1|title=The Biography of Imam al-Kamal ibn al-Humam|publisher=Dar al-Ifta' al-Misriyya}}
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 790 A.H. = 1388 A.D.
| birth_place = Alexandria
| death_date = 861 A.H. = 1457 A.D.
| death_place = Cairo
| religion = Islam
|jurisprudence = Hanafi
|creed = Maturidi{{cite book|author=Cenap Çakmak|title=Islam: A Worldwide Encyclopedia [4 volumes]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JSHFDgAAQBAJ|date=2017|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=9781610692175|page=1015}}
| main_interests = Aqidah, Kalam (Islamic theology), Tawhid, Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), Usul al-Fiqh, Usul al-Din, Hadith studies, Tafsir, Logic, Arabic grammar, Arabic literature, Rhetoric, Islamic inheritance jurisprudence, Sufism, Mathematics, Music
| notable_works = Al-Musayarah, Fath al-Qadeer
| influences = Abu Hanifa
Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani
Badr al-Din al-Ayni
'Izz al-Din ibn Jama'a
Waliy al-Din al-'Iraqi
| influenced = Al-Sakhawi
Al-Suyuti
Zakariyya al-Ansari
Kamal al-Din ibn Abi Sharif
Ibn Qutlubugha
Ibn Amir al-Hajj
Ibn al-Ghars
Sharaf al-Din Yahya al-Munawi
}}
Al-Kamal ibn al-Humam ({{langx|ar|الكمال بن الهمام}}) was a prominent Egyptian{{cite book|author=Baber Johansen|title=Contingency in a Sacred Law: Legal and Ethical Norms in the Muslim Fiqh|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lzHuay2ZgFYC|date=1999|publisher=Brill Publishers|isbn=9789004106031|page=148}} Hanafi-Maturidi, polymath, legal theorist and jurist. He was a mujtahid and highly regarded in many sciences of knowledge and was also a Sufi. Highly regarded in all fields of knowledge, including fiqh, usul al-fiqh, kalam (Islamic theology), logic, Sufism, Arabic language and literature, tafsir (Qur'anic exegesis), Hadith, Islamic law of inheritance (in Arabic, known as 'ilm al-fara'id, or 'the science of [ancestral] shares'), mathematics, and music.{{cite web|url=https://www.ahnafblog.com/2018/09/23/who-was-al-kamal-ibn-al-humam-a-great-hanafi-jurist-faqih/|title=The Life and Works of al-Kamāl Ibn al-Humām|publisher=Ahnaf Blog}}{{cite web|url=https://shamela.ws/index.php/author/562|title=Al-'Alam by al-Zirikli|publisher=shamela.ws}}
He is famous for his commentary known as Fath al-Qadeer on the famous Hanafi book al-Hidayah.{{cite book|author=Abdul Azim Islahi|title=History of Islamic Economic Thought: Contributions of Muslim Scholars to Economic Thought and Analysis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wy6lBQAAQBAJ|date=2014|publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing|isbn=9781784711382|page=43}}
Name
He is Kamal al-Din Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahid ibn 'Abd al-Hamid ibn Mas'ud al-Siwasi, then al-Iskandari, known and often referred to as Ibn al-Humam.
Life
He was born in Alexandria, Egypt, and studied in Cairo as well as Aleppo.He was born in Alexandria and grew up and died in Cairo.{{cite web|url=https://www.ahnafblog.com/2018/09/23/who-was-al-kamal-ibn-al-humam-a-great-hanafi-jurist-faqih/|title=The Life and Works of al-Kamāl Ibn al-Humām|publisher=Ahnaf Blog}} He was appointed head shaykh of the Khanaqah Shaykhuniyyah in Cairo in 1443.{{cite web|url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e925|title=The Biography of Ibn al-Humam|publisher=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam - Oxford Islamic Studies Online}}{{dead link|date=January 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}{{cite book|author=John L. Esposito|title=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E324pQEEQQcC|date=2004|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780199757268|page=152}}
Teachers
{{Maturidism}}
He studied under many notable scholars, among them are:{{cite web|url=https://www.dar-alifta.org/AR/ViewScientist.aspx?sec=new&ID=85&LangID=1|title=The Biography of Imam al-Kamal ibn al-Humam|publisher=Dar al-Ifta' al-Misriyya}}
- 'Izz al-Din ibn Jama'a (d. 819/1416).
- Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani (d. 825/1449).
- Wali al-Din al-'Iraqi (d. 826/1423) the son of Zain al-Din al-'Iraqi.
- Badr al-Din al-'Ayni (d. 855/1451).
Students
Among his celebrated students are:{{cite web|url=https://www.ahnafblog.com/2018/09/23/who-was-al-kamal-ibn-al-humam-a-great-hanafi-jurist-faqih/|title=The Life and Works of al-Kamāl Ibn al-Humām|publisher=Ahnaf Blog}}{{cite web|url=https://www.dar-alifta.org/AR/ViewScientist.aspx?sec=new&ID=85&LangID=1|title=The Biography of Imam al-Kamal ibn al-Humam|publisher=Dar al-Ifta' al-Misriyya}}
- Sharaf al-Din Yahya al-Munawi (d. 871/1467) (whose great-grandson 'Abd al-Ra'uf al-Munawi would write a commentary on al-Suyuti's Al-Jami' al-Saghir titled Fayd al-Qadir).
- Ibn Amir al-Hajj (d. 879/1474).
- Ibn Qutlubugha (d. 879/1474).
- Badr al-Din Abu al-Yusr Muhammad ibn al-Ghars (d. 894/1488).
- Shams al-Din al-Sakhawi (d. 902/1497).
- Kamal al-Din ibn Abi Sharif (d. 905-906/1499-1500).
- Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti (d. 911/1505).
- Zakariyya al-Ansari (d. 926/1520).
Books
Among his well-known writings are:
- Fath al-Qadeer lil-'Ajiz al-Faqeer ({{langx|ar|فتح القدير للعاجز الفقير}}).{{cite web|url=https://islam786books.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=4210|title=Fath al Qadir: 10 Volumes, Arabic|publisher=Madani Propagation}}
- Al-Musayara fi al-'Aqaid al-Munjiya fi al-Akhira ({{langx|ar|المسايرة في العقائد المنجية في الآخرة}}), a Maturidi theological treatise that follows the sequence of Imam al-Ghazali's tract on dogmatic theology called al-Risala al-Qudsiyya (The Jerusalem Epistle); hence, the name al-Musāyarah (the Pursuit).{{cite web|url=https://www.ahnafblog.com/2018/09/23/who-was-al-kamal-ibn-al-humam-a-great-hanafi-jurist-faqih/|title=The Life and Works of al-Kamāl Ibn al-Humām|publisher=Ahnaf Blog}}
- Zad al-Faqeer ({{langx|ar|زاد الفقير}}), a treatise on the rulings of prayer and purification.
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [https://hadithnotes.org/the-life-and-works-of-al-kamal-ibn-al-humam/ The Life and Works of al-Kamāl Ibn al-Humām] [{{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20240212015955/https://hadithnotes.org/the-life-and-works-of-al-kamal-ibn-al-humam/|date=12 February 2024}}]
- [https://islamsyria.com/site/show_articles/12948 Al-Kamal ibn al-Humam and His Book: Fath al-Qadeer] {{in lang|ar}}
{{Portal bar|Biography|Islam|Law|Literature|Egypt}}
{{Hanafi scholars}}
{{Maturidi}}
{{Sufi}}
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Category:People from Alexandria
Category:15th-century Muslim theologians