Al-Maqrizi

A direct student of Ibn Khaldun, al-Maqrīzī was born in Cairo to a family of Syrian origin that had recently relocated from Damascus.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dgy7SN3ZixsC&dq=Al+-+Maqr%C4%ABzi++syrian+origin&pg=PA380 |title=Christian-Muslim Relations. A Bibliographical History. Volume 5 (1350-1500) |date=2013-06-28 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-25278-3 |language=en}} When he presents himself in his books he usually stops at the 10th forefather although he confessed to some of his close friends that he can trace his ancestry to al-Mu‘izz li-Dīn Allāh – first Fatimid caliph in Egypt and the founder of al-Qahirah – and even to Ali ibn Abi Talib.{{Cite journal|url=http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/MSR_VII-2_2003-Rabbat_pp1-19.pdf|title=Who Was al-Maqr{{!}}z{{!}}? A Biographical Sketch|last=RABBAT|first=NASSER|date=2003|journal=Mamlūk Studies Review|publisher=The Middle East Documentation Center (MEDOC) |doi=10.6082/M1RR1WDR }} He was trained in the Hanafite school of law. Later, he switched to the Shafi'ite school and finally to the Zahirite school.Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, Inba al-Ghumar bi-Anba al-'Umr.Nasser Rabbat, "Who was al-Maqrizi?" pg. 13. Taken from Mamlūk Studies Review, Vol. 7, Part 2. Middle East Documentation Center, University of Chicago, 2003. Maqrizi studied theology under one of the primary masterminds behind the Zahiri Revolt,al-Maqrizi, Tajrid al-Tawhid al-Mufid, pg. 33 of the introduction of Sabri bin Salamah Shahin. Riyadh: Dar al-Qubs, 2005. {{ISBN|978-9960-49-202-5}} and his vocal support and sympathy with that revolt against the Mamluks likely cost him higher administrative and clerical positions with the Mamluk regime.Rabbat, pg. 15. The name Maqrizi was an attribution to a quarter of the city of Baalbek, from where his paternal grandparents hailed. Maqrizi confessed to his contemporaries that he believed that he was related to the Fatimids through the son of al-Muizz. Ibn Hajar preserves the most memorable account: his father, as they entered the al-Hakim Mosque one day, told him "My son, you are entering the mosque of your ancestor." However, his father also instructed al-Maqrizi not to reveal this information to anyone he could not trust; Walker concludes:

:Ultimately it would be hard to conclude that al-Maqrizi conceived any more than an antiquarian interest in the Fatimids. His main concern seems more likely to be the meaning they and their city might have for the present, that is, for Mamluk Egypt and its role in Islam. (p. 167)

In 1385, he went on the Islamic pilgrimage, the Hajj. For some time he was secretary in a government office, and in 1399 became inspector of markets for Cairo and northern Egypt. This post he soon gave up to become a preacher at the Mosque of 'Amr ibn al 'As, president of the al-Hakim Mosque, and a lecturer on tradition. In 1408, he went to Damascus to become inspector of the Qalanisryya and lecturer. Later, he retired into private life at Cairo.{{Citation needed|date= March 2022}}

In 1430, he again went on Hajj with his family and travelled for some five years. His learning was great, his observation accurate and his judgement good, but his books are largely compilations, and he does not always acknowledge the sources upon which he relied.{{Citation needed|date= March 2022}}

Most of al-Maqrizi's works, exceeding 200,Okasha El Daly (2005), Egyptology: the missing millennium : ancient Egypt in medieval Arabic writings, UCL, p. 180 are concerned with Egypt.

• al-Mawāʻiẓ wa-al-Iʻtibār bi-Dhikr al-Khiṭaṭ wa-al-āthār ([https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001607331 Arabic, 2 vols., Bulaq, 1853]){{refn|group=n|Volume 2 title: al-Juzʾ al-thānī min Kitāb al-khiṭaṭ wa-al-āthār fī Miṣr wa-al-Qāhirah wa-al-Nīl wa-mā yataʻalliqu bihā. Edited by Muḥammad ibn ʻAbd al-Raḥmān Quṭṭah al-ʻAdawī. f. colophon. [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001607331 www.catalog.hathitrust.org]}}; French translation by Urbain Bouriant as Description topographique et historique de l'Égypte (Paris, 1895–1900; compare A. R. Guest, "A List of Writers, Books and other Authorities mentioned by El Maqrizi in his Khitat," in Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1902, pp. 103–125).
• Itti‘āz al-Ḥunafā’ bi-Akhbār al-A’immah al-Fāṭimīyīn al-Khulafā’{{cite book|last= Maqrīzī (al-)|first= Taqī al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn 'Alī|title= Itti'āz al-Ḥunafā' bi-Akhbār al-A'immah al-Fāṭimīyīn al-Khulafā' |editor-last=Shayyāl (al-)|editor-first= Jamal al-Dīn|place= Cairo|publisher= Dār al-Fikr al-‘Arabī|year=1948|language=ar }}
• Kitāb al-Khiṭaṭ al-Maqrīzīyah{{cite book|last=Maqrīzī (al-)|first= Taqī al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn 'Alī | title= Kitāb al-Khiṭaṭ al-Maqrīzīyah|volume=4|place= Cairo|publisher= Al-Nīl Press|orig-year=1906|year=1908|language=ar }}
• Kitāb al-Sulūk li-Ma‘rifat Duwal al-Mulūk{{cite book|last= Maqrīzī (al-)|first= Taqī al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn 'Alī| title= Kitāb al-Sulūk li-Ma'rifat Duwal al-Mulūk|editor-last= Ziada (al-Ziyādah)|editor-first= Muḥammad Muṣṭafā|volume=2|place= Cairo|publisher= Lajnat al-Ta’līf|year=1956|language=ar}}
• History of the Fatimites; extract published by J.G.L. Kosegarten in Chrestomathia (Leipzig, 1828), pp. 115–123;

• History of the Ayyubit and Mameluke Rulers; French translation by Etienne Marc Quatremère (2 vols., Paris, 1837–1845).{{Cite web|url=http://archive.org/details/histoiredessulta01maqr|title=Histoire des sultans mamlouks, de l'Égypte, écrite en arabe|first1=Amad ibn Al|last1=Maqrz|first2=Étienne Marc|last2=Quatremère|date=11 November 1845|publisher=Paris : Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland|via=Internet Archive}}
• Muqaffa, first sixteen-volumes of an Egyptian biographic encyclopedia arranged in alphabetic order. The Egyptian historian, al-Sakhawi, estimated that the complete work would require eighty volumes. Three autograph volumes exist in manuscript in Leiden and one in Paris.

• Mahomeddan Coinage (ed. O. G. Tychsen, Rostock, 1797; French translation by Silvestre de Sacy, Paris, 1797)
• Arab Weights and Measures (ed. Tychsen, Rostock, 1800)
• Arabian Tribes that migrated to Egypt (ed. F. Wüstenfeld, Göttingen, 1847)
• Account of Hadhramaut (ed. P. B. Noskowyj, Bonn, 1866)
• Strife between the Bani Umayya and the Bani Hashim (ed. G. Vos, Leiden, 1888)
• Historia Regum Islamiticorum in Abyssinia (ed. and Latin trans. F. T. Rink, Leiden, 1790).

• al-Mawa'iz wa al-'i'tibar bi dhikr al-khitat wa al-'athar (about the planning of Cairo and its monuments)
• A. R. Guest, p. 103ff: [https://archive.org/stream/journalroyalasi69irelgoog#page/n126/mode/2up A list of Writers, Books and other Authorities mentioned by El Maqrisi in his Khitat]
• al-Selouk Leme'refatt Dewall al-Melouk (about Mamluk history in Egypt)
• Ette'aaz al-honafa be Akhbaar al-A'emma al-Fatemeyyeen al-Kholafaa (about the Fatimid state)
• al-Bayaan wal E'raab Amma Be Ard Misr min al A'raab (about the Arab Tribes in Egypt)
• Eghathatt al-Omma be Kashf al-Ghomma (about the famines that took place in Egypt)
• al-Muqaffa (biographies of princes and prominent personality of his time)
• {{cite book|last=Maqrīzī|first= Aḥmad ibn ʻAlī|title=Takyoddini Ahmedis al-Makrizii Narratio de Expeditionibus a Graecis Francisque Adversus Dimyatham, AB A. C. 708 AD 1221 Susceptis|editor-last=Hamaker|editor-first= Hendrik Arent|place=Amstelodami|publisher=Pieper & Ipenbuur |year=1824|language=ar, la |url= https://archive.org/details/takyoddiniahmed00goog/page/n13}}
• {{cite book|last=Kosegarten |first=J. G. L. |author-link=Johann Gottfried Ludwig Kosegarten |title=Chrestomathia Arabica ex codicibus manuscriptis Parisiensibus, Gothanis et Berolinensibus collecta atque tum adscriptis vocalibus |url=https://archive.org/details/chrestomathiaara00kose |year=1828|publisher =Sumtu F. C. G. Vogelii |location=Lipsiae |language=la}} (pp. [https://archive.org/stream/chrestomathiaara00kose#page/115/mode/1up 115] −123: Al-Maqrizi, an extract of History of the Fatimites.)

• {{cite book|author=al-Maqrizi |title=Histoire des sultans mamlouks, de l'Égypte, écrite en arabe|url=https://archive.org/details/histoiredessulta01maqr |volume=1, part 1 |others=Translator: Étienne Marc Quatremère|year=1840|publisher =Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland |location=Paris |language=fr, la}}
• {{cite book|author=al-Maqrizi |title=Histoire des sultans mamlouks, de l'Égypte, écrite en arabe |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_HLoWAAAAQAAJ|volume=1, part 2|others=Translator: Étienne Marc Quatremère|year=1845|publisher =Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland |location=Paris |language=fr, la}}
• {{cite book|author=al-Maqrizi |title=Histoire des sultans mamlouks, de l'Égypte, écrite en arabe |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_M7oWAAAAQAAJ|volume=2 |others=Translator: Étienne Marc Quatremère |year=1845|publisher=Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland |location=Paris |language=fr, la}}
• {{cite book|author=al-Maqrizi |title=Kitb al-mawi wa-al-itibr bi-dhikr al-khia wa-al-thr : yakhtau dhlika bi-akhbr iqlm Mir wa-al-Nl wa-dhikr al-Qhirah wa-m yataallaqu bi-h wa-bi-iqlmih|url=https://archive.org/details/kitbalmawiwaalit01maqruoft |volume=1|year=1853|publisher =Maktabat al-Thaqfah al-Dnyah |location=al-Qhirah |language=ar}}
• {{cite book|author= al-Maqrizi |title=Kitb al-mawi wa-al-itibr bi-dhikr al-khia wa-al-thr : yakhtau dhlika bi-akhbr iqlm Mir wa-al-Nl wa-dhikr al-Qhirah wa-m yataallaqu bi-h wa-bi-iqlmih |url=https://archive.org/details/kitbalmawiwaalit02maqruoft |volume=2 |year=1853|publisher =Maktabat al-Thaqfah al-Dnyah |location=al-Qhirah |language=ar}}
• A. R. Guest, 1902, in Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, pp. 103–125: "[https://archive.org/stream/journalroyalasi69irelgoog#page/n127/mode/1up A List of Writers, Books and other Authorities mentioned by El Maqrizi in his Khitat]" (Notes on the 1853-edition)
• {{cite book|author=al-Maqrizi |title=Mémoires publiés par les membres de la Mission archéologique Française au Caire: Description topographique et historique de l'Égypte |url=https://archive.org/details/mmoirespubli17inst |volume=17 |others=Translator: Urbain Bouriant |year=1895 |publisher =Mémoires publiés par les membres de la Mission archéologique |location=Cairo |language=fr }}
• {{cite book|author=al-Maqrizi |title=Itti'āz al-Ḥunafā' bi-Akhbār al-A'immah al-Fāṭimīyīn al-Khulafā'|editor=Jamāl al-Dīn al-Shayyāl|place=Cairo|publisher=Dār al-Fikr al-‘Arabī|year=1948}}
• {{cite book|author=al-Maqrizi |title=Kitāb al-Khiṭaṭ al-Maqrīzīyah|volume=4|place=Cairo|publisher=Al-Nil Press| orig-year=1906 |year=1908}}
• {{cite book|author=al-Maqrizi |title=Kitāb al-Sulūk li-Ma'rifat Duwal al-Mulūk|editor=Muḥammad Muṣṭafā Ziada (al-Ziyādah)|volume=3| place=Cairo|publisher=Lajnat al-Ta’līf|year=1956}}
• alternative: {{cite book|author=al-Maqrizi |title=Mémoires publiés par les membres de la Mission archéologique Française au Caire: Description topographique et historique de l'Égypte |url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5828537q |volume=17 |others=Translator: Urbain Bouriant |year=1895 |publisher =Mémoires publiés par les membres de la Mission archéologique |location=Cairo |language=fr }}

• List of Muslim historians
• List of Arab scientists and scholars
• Ibn Inabah

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{{Wikiquote}}

• [http://www.al-eman.com/Islamlib/viewtoc.asp?BID=224 Mawa'iz, online text] (in Arabic)
• [http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/makrisi.html Account of the Crusade of St. Louis] (in English)
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070520101935/http://www.masudblog.com/2007/04/gf-haddad-on-al-maqrizi.html On al-Maqrizi]
• {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Maqrīzī|short=x}}

{{Historians of Islam}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Maqrizi}}

Category:1364 births

Category:1442 deaths

Category:14th-century Arabic-language writers

Category:Historians from the Mamluk Sultanate

Category:15th-century Arabic-language writers

Category:15th-century biographers

Category:15th-century Egyptian historians

Category:Egyptian encyclopedists

Category:14th-century Egyptian historians

Category:Writers from Cairo

Category:Zahiris