Alabama Judicial Building

The Judicial Building is a modern interpretation of neoclassical architecture. It was designed by Barganier Davis Sims Architects Associated of Montgomery and Gresham, Smith and Partners of Birmingham. Situated on a city block measuring {{convert|300|x|320|ft|m}}, it rises to a height of {{convert|158|ft|m|0}} at the top of the {{convert|100|ft|m|adj=on}} wide dome.{{cite web|title=Rotunda |work=Alalinc |publisher=Alabama Supreme Court and State Law Library |url=http://www.alalinc.net/library/tour_text/rotunda.cfm |accessdate=February 10, 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120517114248/http://www.alalinc.net/library/tour_text/rotunda.cfm |archivedate=May 17, 2012 }} The building has a reinforced concrete and steel substructure, clad in Indiana limestone. A pedimented portico with ten monumental Ionic columns is centered on the front facade of the structure between projecting side-wings. The interior is arranged around a central rotunda that measures approximately {{convert|40|ft|m}} tall and {{convert|75|ft|m}} wide. The rotunda is faced in Carrara marble and features eight marble columns that are {{convert|34|ft|m}} tall.

The building contains {{convert|338000|sqft|sqm|0}} of floorspace spread over six levels. A parking garage and mechanical systems are located on the basement level. The Administrative Office of Courts, Museum of Judicial History, and a visitor parking garage are located on the ground floor level. The main lobby level contains the primary entrance, as well as the State Law Library, Appellate Court Clerks' Offices, and the two-story rotunda. The Court of Civil Appeals, Court of Criminal Appeals, and their courtrooms are situated on the second level. A mezzanine level contains archival, conference, and storage rooms. The Supreme Court chamber is located on the third, top, level. It is situated above the rotunda and directly beneath the dome.

Roy Moore was elected Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Alabama on November 7, 2000.{{cite news |url=http://blog.al.com/wire/2011/10/judge_roy_moore_considering_an.html |title=Judge Roy Moore considering another run for Alabama chief justice |work =Associated Press |publisher =al.com |date=October 19, 2011 }} He was sworn in on January 15, 2001. It was revealed on August 1, 2001 that Moore had commissioned and placed a {{convert|5280|lb|kg|adj=on}} granite replica of the Ten Commandments in the rotunda of the Judicial Building's the night before. This was all done without the prior knowledge or consent of the other eight justices of the Supreme Court.

Three lawyers then filed Glassroth v. Moore in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama against Moore in his official capacity as Chief Justice to have the monument removed. The court found in favor of the plaintiffs, citing that the display was a violation of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. The District Court then entered its final judgment and injunction that ordered that it be removed from the building by August 20, 2003. Moore refused to comply. Thousands of protestors from around the country converged on the Judicial Building after the decision to rally against the removal of the monument.{{cite news |last=Copeland |first=Larry |title=Thousands drawn to Ala. standoff |publisher=USA TODAY |url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2003-08-24-monument-usat_x.htm |date= August 24, 2003}}

Following Moore's non-compliance, the eight Associate Justices of the Alabama Supreme Court issued an order that recognized Moore's refusal to obey a binding order of a federal court and instructed that the building manager comply with the injunction. The monument was removed from the rotunda on August 27, 2003 and put into storage. Due to a variety of factors, including legal appeals and potential clashes with pro-monument protesters outside of the building, the monument was not removed from the building until July 19, 2004.{{cite news |last=Johnson |first=Bob |title=Protesters keep vigil at site of monument |work=Associated Press |publisher=Star-News |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1454&dat=20030824&id=NhBPAAAAIBAJ&sjid=kh8EAAAAIBAJ&pg=6753,2431574 |date= August 24, 2003}}{{cite news |last=McGrew |first=Jannell |title=Ten Commandments monument on tour |publisher=Montgomery Advertiser |date= July 20, 2004}} The Alabama Judicial Inquiry Commission filed a complaint against Moore with the Alabama Court of the Judiciary a few days after the monument was removed from public display. Moore was subsequently removed from office on November 13, 2003 by the court.{{cite web|title=Alabama Chief Justice Roy Moore Ousted From Office |work=Online Newhour |publisher=PBS |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/alajudge_11-13-03.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040516150445/http://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/alajudge_11-13-03.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 16, 2004 |accessdate=February 10, 2012}} In 2012, Moore was returned to his position as Chief Justice by a vote of the people and began his second term in January 2013.{{cite web|title=Chief Justice Roy Moore Court website bio |url=http://judicial.alabama.gov/Bios/rmoore.cfm |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140507024058/http://judicial.alabama.gov/Bios/rmoore.cfm |archivedate=2014-05-07 }}

• Government of Alabama

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• [https://web.archive.org/web/20100311013447/http://judicial.alabama.gov/library/tour.cfm Alabama Administrative Office of Courts Museum Area] - Building tour and photos

Category:Courthouses in Alabama

Category:State government buildings in Alabama

Category:Buildings and structures in Montgomery, Alabama

Category:Museums in Montgomery, Alabama

Category:Law museums in the United States

Category:History museums in Alabama

Category:Government buildings completed in 1994

Category:1990s architecture in the United States

Category:Neoclassical architecture in Alabama

Category:1994 establishments in Alabama