Alan T. Peacock

Sir Alan Turner Peacock DSC, FBA, FRSE (26 June 1922 – 2 August 2014) was a British economist.{{cite web|title=Peacock, Alan T., 1922–|url=http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79066747.html|publisher=Library of Congress|accessdate=20 November 2013|archive-date=9 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140109050723/http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79066747.html|url-status=live}}

Early life

Alan Turner Peacock was born in Ryton-on-Tyne (then part of County Durham) in 1922. He was the son of the scientist Alexander David Peacock, who in 1926 became Professor of Natural History at University College, Dundee (then part of the University of St Andrews). On his father's appointment, the family moved to Broughty Ferry. He was educated at Grove Academy, the High School of Dundee and the University of St Andrews, where he completed a war-shortened degree in economics and history.{{cite web |last1=Peden |first1=G. C. |title=Alan Turner Peacock 1922–2014 |url=https://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/sites/default/files/21%20Peacock%201820.pdf |publisher=The British Academy |accessdate=1 February 2019 |archive-date=2 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190202042006/https://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/sites/default/files/21%20Peacock%201820.pdf |url-status=live }}{{cite web |title=UR-SF 2 Professor Alexander David Peacock, Professor of Natural History, University College, Dundee |url=https://arccat.dundee.ac.uk/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqPos=0&dsqSearch=%28RefNo%3D%27ur-sf%202%27%29 |website=Archive Services Online Catalogue |publisher=University of Dundee |accessdate=1 February 2019 |archive-date=14 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314160450/https://archives.dundee.ac.uk |url-status=live }}

Career

Having completed correspondence courses in economics while serving with the Royal Navy during the Second World War, upon being demobilised Peacock resumed his studies at St Andrews, graduating with another degree in economics and political science in 1947.Peden, George, [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/109010 "Peacock, Sir Alan Turner (1922–2014)"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314160459/https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-109010 |date=14 March 2023 }}, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, online edition, February 2018. Retrieved 14 May 2021. {{subscription required}} He then taught at St Andrews, the London School of Economics (where he also conducted the LSE Orchestra), the University of Edinburgh's School of Economics, the University of York (where he founded the Department of Economics), the University of Buckingham of which he was the Vice-Chancellor from 1980 to 1984,[http://www.buckingham.ac.uk/international/aboutdept/hongrads/peacock.html] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101206065603/http://www.buckingham.ac.uk/international/aboutdept/hongrads/peacock.html|date=6 December 2010}} and finally at Heriot-Watt University where he was honorary professor of public finance at the Edinburgh Business School until his death.[http://www.davidhumeinstitute.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Peacock-book.pdf]{{dead link|date=January 2018}}

From 1973 to 1976, Peacock was the Chief Economic Adviser to the Department of Trade and Industry of the United Kingdom.{{cite web |url=http://www.world-economics-journal.com/Contents/AuthorDetails.aspx?AID=330 |title=Sir Alan Peacock on World Economics |publisher=World-economics-journal.com |accessdate=9 January 2014 |archive-date=4 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304054222/http://www.world-economics-journal.com/Contents/AuthorDetails.aspx?AID=330 |url-status=live }}{{cite book|last=Tribe|first=Keith|title=Economic Careers: Economics and Economists in Britain, 1930–1970|page=242|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N43XyONNIQ4C&q=alan+peacock+economist+born&pg=PA192|isbn=9780203440711|date=2002-06-01|publisher=Taylor & Francis |access-date=14 March 2023|archive-date=14 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314160502/https://books.google.com/books?id=N43XyONNIQ4C&q=alan+peacock+economist+born&pg=PA192|url-status=live}} He was also a co-founder and the first Executive Director of the David Hume Institute.{{cite web|url=http://www.davidhumeinstitute.com/about-us/history.html |title=History |publisher=Davidhumeinstitute.com |date=3 September 2013 |accessdate=9 January 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140109050002/http://www.davidhumeinstitute.com/about-us/history.html |archivedate=9 January 2014 }} During the 1970s and 1980s, he played a leading role in the field of cultural economics.

From 1984 to 1986, Peacock served as Chairman of the Committee on the Financing of the BBC (Peacock Committee), the tenth major British inquiry into broadcasting. The Committee rejected Margaret Thatcher's wish to fund the BBC by advertising and proposed a sophisticated long-term strategy in which given a full broadcasting market with unlimited channels and freedom of entry, subscription would replace the licence fee.{{cite journal|last=Potschka|first=C|title=Broadcasting and market-driven politics in the UK and Germany: The Peacock Committee in comparative perspective|journal=International Journal of Cultural Policy|date=2013|volume=19|issue=5|pages=595–609|doi=10.1080/10286632.2012.704629|s2cid=146773394}} The model developed by Peacock later on served as a blueprint for Ofcom's Public Service Publisher.

Awards and fellowships

He was a Fellow of the British Academy,{{cite web|url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/fellowship/directory/ordinary.cfm?letter=P |accessdate=10 December 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090511004020/http://www.britac.ac.uk/fellowship/directory/ordinary.cfm?letter=P |archivedate=11 May 2009 |title=Ordinary Fellows - British Academy }} the Accademia dei Lincei,{{cite web |url=http://www.lincei.it/modules.php?name=Soci&alfa=P&file=lista |title=Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei |publisher=Lincei.it |accessdate=9 January 2014 |archive-date=9 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140109050750/http://www.lincei.it/modules.php?name=Soci&alfa=P&file=lista |url-status=live }} and the Royal Society of Edinburgh,[http://www.royalsoced.org.uk/fellowship/fellows.pdf] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110516133418/http://www.royalsoced.org.uk/fellowship/fellows.pdf|date=16 May 2011}} and was in addition an Honorary Fellow of the Institute of Economic Affairs.[http://www.iea.org.uk/personnel.jsp?type=staff&pageID=25] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091009193319/http://www.iea.org.uk/personnel.jsp?type=staff&pageID=25|date=9 October 2009}} He was a recipient of the Distinguished Service Cross for his intelligence work in the Arctic Ocean during World War II and was knighted in 1987.

Books

His many academic books include The Economics of National Insurance (1952), The Economic Theory of Fiscal Policy (1971, co-author G. K. Shaw), Public Choice Analysis in Historical Perspective (1992), and The Political Economy of Economic Freedom (1997). He also authored four autobiographical volumes. In "The Enigmatic Sailor" (2003). Peacock treats his experiences and achievements as a sailor in naval intelligence during World War II for which he was awarded the DSC. Paying the Piper (1993) lays out his application of economics to understand the arts. In Anxious to do Good (2010) Peacock gives an account of his involvement in public policy, including the financing of the BBC. Defying Decrepitude (2013), a light-hearted account of the costs and benefits of retirement, was his last book.

Other interests

He was also a composer of music, and studied composition with the Austrian composer Hans Gál.{{cite book|last=Peacock|first=Alan Turner|title=Public Choice Analysis in Historical Perspective|page=237|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dVc1XuWF8H4C&q=alan+peacock+distinguished+service+cross&pg=PA195|isbn=9780521599764|date=1997-07-24|publisher=Cambridge University Press |access-date=14 March 2023|archive-date=14 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314160457/https://books.google.com/books?id=dVc1XuWF8H4C&q=alan+peacock+distinguished+service+cross&pg=PA195|url-status=live}}