Alberta Act

{{Short description|Foundation enactment of Province of Alberta}}

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{{Use Canadian English|date=April 2021}}

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{{Infobox legislation

| short_title = Alberta Act

| long_title = An Act to establish and provide for the Government of the Province of Alberta

| citation = 4 & 5 Edward VII, c. 3

| enacted_by = Parliament of Canada

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| date_assented = July 20, 1905

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| date_commenced = September 1, 1905{{cite web |last1=Tattrie |first1=Jon |title=Alberta and Confederation |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/alberta-and-confederation |website=The Canadian Encyclopedia |publisher=Historica Canada |access-date=26 May 2020}}

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The Alberta Act ({{langx|fr|Loi sur l'Alberta}}), effective September 1, 1905, was the act of the Parliament of Canada that created the province of Alberta. The act is similar in nature to the Saskatchewan Act, which established the province of Saskatchewan at the same time. Like the Saskatchewan Act, the Alberta Act was controversial because (sec. 21) it allowed the Government of Canada to maintain control of all of Alberta's natural resources and public lands. Alberta did not win control of these resources until the passage of the Natural Resources Acts in 1930.

The Alberta Act defined the boundaries for the electoral districts of the first Alberta general election in 1905.

The Alberta Act is part of the Constitution of Canada.