Albion, Michigan

{{Infobox settlement

|official_name = Albion

|settlement_type = City

|nickname =

|motto =

|image_skyline =

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|image_flag =

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|image_map = Calhoun_County_Michigan_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Albion_Highlighted.svg

|mapsize = 250px

|map_caption = Location of Albion, Michigan

|image_map1 =

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|pushpin_map = Michigan#USA#North America

|subdivision_type = Country

|subdivision_name = United States

|subdivision_type1 = State

|subdivision_name1 = Michigan

|subdivision_type2 = County

|subdivision_name2 = Calhoun

|government_footnotes =

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|unit_pref = Imperial

|area_footnotes = {{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_26.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=May 21, 2022}}

|area_magnitude =

|area_total_km2 = 11.66

|area_land_km2 = 11.42

|area_water_km2 = 0.24

|area_total_sq_mi = 4.50

|area_land_sq_mi = 4.41

|area_water_sq_mi = 0.09

|population_as_of = 2020

|population_est =

|pop_est_as_of =

|population_footnotes =

|population_total = 7700

|population_density_km2 = 674.14

|population_density_sq_mi = 1746.03

|timezone = Eastern (EST)

|utc_offset = -5

|timezone_DST = EDT

|utc_offset_DST = -4

|elevation_footnotes =

|elevation_m = 290

|elevation_ft = 951

|coordinates = {{coord|42|14|48|N|84|45|12|W|region:US-MI|display=inline,title}}

|postal_code_type = ZIP code

|postal_code = 49224

|area_code = 517

|blank_name = FIPS code

|blank_info = 26-00980{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}

|blank1_name = GNIS feature ID

|blank1_info = 0619906{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|access-date=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=United States Geological Survey|date=2007-10-25}}

|website =

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}}

Albion is a city in Calhoun County in the south central region of the Lower Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 7,700 at the 2020 census. Albion is part of the Battle Creek Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The earliest English-speaking settlers also called this area The Forks, because it is at the confluence of the north and south branches of the Kalamazoo River. In the early 20th century, immigrants came to Albion from various eastern European nations, including the current Lithuania and Russia. More recently, Latino immigrants have come from Mexico and Central America. The Festival of the Forks has been held annually since 1967 to celebrate Albion's diverse ethnic heritage.

Since the 19th century, several major manufacturers were established in Albion, which became known as a factory town. This changed after several manufacturers closed. In the 21st century, Albion's culture is changing to that of a college town whose residents have a strong interest in technology and sustainability. Albion College is a private liberal arts college with a student population of about 1,250. Albion is a sister city with Noisy-le-Roi, France.

History

The first European-American settler, Tenney Peabody, arrived in 1833 along with his brother-in-law, Charles Blanchard, and another young man, Clark Dowling. Peabody's family followed soon after. In 1835, the Albion Company, a land development company formed by Jesse Crowell, platted a village. Peabody's wife was asked to name the settlement. She considered the name "Peabodyville", but selected "Albion" instead, after the former residence of Jesse Crowell. Crowell was appointed in 1838 as the first US postmaster there.

Many early settlers migrated to Albion from western New York and New England, part of a movement after the construction of the Erie Canal and the opening of new lands in Michigan and other Great Lakes territories. They first developed agriculture and it became a rural trading village. Settlers were strong supporters of education and in 1835, Methodists established Albion College affiliated with their church. Its first classes were held in 1843. The college was known by a few other names before 1861. At that time it was fully authorized to confer four-year degrees on both men and women.

Albion incorporated as a village in 1855, following construction of the railroad here in 1852, which stimulated development. It became a city in 1885.[http://www.albionmich.com/history/histor_notebook/000910.shtml#TOP "Festival of the Forks"], Frank Passic, Morning Star, September 10, 2000, pg. 9[http://www.albionmich.com/history/histor_notebook/960909.shtml "The Passing Scene"], Frank Passic, Morning Star, September 9, 2001, pg. 3

Mills were constructed to operate on the water power of the forks of the Kalamazoo River. They were the first industry in the town, used to process lumber, grain, and other products to build the village. Albion quickly became a mill town as well as an agricultural market. The river that powered industry also flooded the town.

In the Great Flood of 1908, there was severe property damage. In February, several feet of snow fell across the region. Heavy rains and warmer conditions in early March created water saturation in the ground and risk of flooding because of the rivers' high flow. After the Homer Dam broke around 3 p.m. on March 7, the Kalamazoo River flooded Albion. By midnight, the bridges surrounding town were underwater. Six buildings in Albion collapsed, resulting in more than $125,000 in damage (1908 dollars).Willard Library. [http://www2.willard.lib.mi.us/bcphotos/floods/index.htm Photographs from Battle Creek History.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070810045759/http://www2.willard.lib.mi.us/bcphotos/floods/index.htm |date=2007-08-10 }} Retrieved on 2007-05-06.Frank Passic. [http://www.albionmich.com/history/histor_notebook/R990301.shtml "The Great Flood of 1908".] Retrieved on 2007-05-06. The town struggled to recover.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, numerous Lithuanian and other Eastern European immigrants settled there, most working for the Albion Malleable Iron Company, and some in the coal mine north of town. The iron company initially made agricultural implements, but around World War I shifted to making automotive parts. The Malleable merged in 1969 with the Hayes Corporation, becoming the Hayes-Albion Corporation. Now known as a division of Harvard Industries, the company continues to produce automotive castings in Albion. Molder Statue Park downtown is dedicated to the many molders who dealt with molten iron.{{cite web|url=http://www.albionmich.com/history/histor_notebook/MM0202.shtml|title=TOKENS OF THE ALBION MALLEABLE IRON COMPANY|publisher=The Mich-Matist| date= Spring 2002 |issue=#140|access-date=6 May 2022}}

There were soon enough Lithuanians in town to establish Holy Ascension Orthodox Church, which they built in 1916. It is part of the Orthodox Church in America. Today its services are in English.{{Cite web |title=Parishes - Holy Ascension Church |url=https://www.oca.org/parishes/oca-mw-malbhac |access-date=2025-01-24 |website=www.oca.org}}

Albion's population peaked in 1960.{{Cite web |title=Albion, Michigan Population 2024 |url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/us-cities/michigan/albion |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=worldpopulationreview.com}} In 1973 Albion was named an All-America City by the National Civic League. It celebrated the award on May 15, 1974, when Michigan Governor William Milliken and many other dignitaries came to town. In 1975 the closure of a major factory began a difficult period of industrial restructuring and decline in jobs and population.

Since that time citizens have mobilized, founding the Albion Community Foundation in 1968. They formed the Albion Volunteer Service Organization in the 1980s, with support from Albion College, to address the challenge of diminishing economic opportunity.

Image:Superior Street Commercial Historic District.jpg

Key to the City Honor Bestowed:

1964: Aunt Jemima visited Albion on January 25.{{cite web|url=http://www.albionmich.com/history/histor_notebook/070107.shtml |title=The Key To The City |publisher=Albionmich.com |access-date=2012-09-14}}
1960s: Columnist Ann Landers was presented with a key upon her visit to Starr Commonwealth for Boys.

Law and government

Albion has a council-manager government. City residents elect a mayor at-large and City Council members from each of six single-member districts. The council in turn selects a city manager to handle the city's day-to-day affairs. The mayor presides over and is a voting member of the council. Council members are elected to four-year terms, staggered every two years. A mayor is elected every two years.{{Cite web|url=http://www.cityofalbionmi.gov/government/mayor_and_city_council/mayor.php|title=Mayor|date=May 25, 2019|website=City of Albion|access-date=May 25, 2019|archive-date=May 25, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190525131748/http://www.cityofalbionmi.gov/government/mayor_and_city_council/mayor.php|url-status=dead}} The city levies an income tax of 1% on residents and 0.5% on nonresidents.{{cite news|last1=Gibbons|first1=Lauren|title=Michigan State University, city of East Lansing at odds over proposed income tax|url=http://www.mlive.com/news/index.ssf/2017/08/michigan_state_university_city.html#incart_river_home|access-date=August 16, 2017|work=MLive Lansing|publisher=Mlive Media Group|date=August 16, 2017}}

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of {{convert|4.51|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|4.41|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.10|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=2012-11-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061959/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=2012-01-25 }} Albion is 42.24 degrees north of the equator and 84.75 degrees west of the prime meridian.

Climate

{{Weather box

|location = Albion

|single line = Y

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation inch = 2.62

|Feb precipitation inch = 1.91

|Mar precipitation inch = 2.08

|Apr precipitation inch = 3.25

|May precipitation inch = 4.12

|Jun precipitation inch = 4.06

|Jul precipitation inch = 4.20

|Aug precipitation inch = 4.15

|Sep precipitation inch = 3.27

|Oct precipitation inch = 3.49

|Nov precipitation inch = 2.72

|Dec precipitation inch = 2.42

|year precipitation inch =

|Jan snow inch = 15.2

|Feb snow inch = 6.9

|Mar snow inch = 5.2

|Apr snow inch = 1.0

|May snow inch = 0.0

|Jun snow inch = 0.0

|Jul snow inch = 0.0

|Aug snow inch = 0.0

|Sep snow inch = 0.0

|Oct snow inch = 0.1

|Nov snow inch = 1.5

|Dec snow inch = 10.5

|year snow inch =

|Jan snow depth inch = 8.4

|Feb snow depth inch = 6.5

|Mar snow depth inch = 3.4

|Apr snow depth inch = 1.1

|May snow depth inch = 0.0

|Jun snow depth inch = 0.0

|Jul snow depth inch = 0.0

|Aug snow depth inch = 0.0

|Sep snow depth inch = 0.0

|Oct snow depth inch = 0.1

|Nov snow depth inch = 1.2

|Dec snow depth inch = 5.3

|year snow depth inch = 10.1

|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in

|Jan precipitation days = 12.5

|Feb precipitation days = 9.0

|Mar precipitation days = 8.8

|Apr precipitation days = 11.6

|May precipitation days = 12.3

|Jun precipitation days = 10.6

|Jul precipitation days = 9.9

|Aug precipitation days = 10.4

|Sep precipitation days = 9.5

|Oct precipitation days = 11.4

|Nov precipitation days = 10.5

|Dec precipitation days = 11.7

|unit snow days = 0.1 in

|Jan snow days = 6.1

|Feb snow days = 4.0

|Mar snow days = 2.3

|Apr snow days = 0.4

|May snow days = 0.0

|Jun snow days = 0.0

|Jul snow days = 0.0

|Aug snow days = 0.0

|Sep snow days = 0.0

|Oct snow days = 0.0

|Nov snow days = 1.0

|Dec snow days = 4.3

|source 1 = NOAA

{{cite web

|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00200094&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL

|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

|title = U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Albion, MI

|access-date = June 12, 2024

}}

|source 2 = National Weather Service

{{cite web

|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=grr

|publisher = National Weather Service

|title = NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Grand Rapids

|access-date = June 12, 2024

}}

Demographics

{{US Census population

|1850= 881

|1880= 2716

|1890= 3763

|1900= 4519

|1910= 5833

|1920= 8354

|1930= 8324

|1940= 8345

|1950= 10406

|1960= 12749

|1970= 12112

|1980= 11059

|1990= 10066

|2000= 9144

|2010= 8616

|2020= 7700

|footnote=Source: Census Bureau. Census [http://www.michigan.gov/documents/MCD1960-1990C_33608_7.pdf 1960-] 2000, 2010.

}}

=2010 population by gender/age=

class="wikitable"
Male	4,013	46.6%
Female	4,603	53.4%
Under 18	1,872	21.7%
18 and over	6,744	78.3%
20-24	1,364	15.8%
25-34	842	9.8%
35-49	1,251	14.5%
50-64	1,368	15.9%
65+	1,124	13.0%

=2010 population by ethnicity=

class="wikitable"
Hispanic or Latino	500	5.8%
Non Hispanic or Latino	8,116	94.2%

=2010 population by race=

class="wikitable"
White	5,477	63.6%
African American	2,579	29.9%
Asian	91	1.1%
American Indian and Alaska Native	29	0.3%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander	17	0.2%
Other	90	1.0%
Identified by two or more	333	3.9%

Transportation

=Major highways=

{{jct|state=MI|I|94}}
{{jct|state=MI|BL|94|dab1=Albion}}
{{jct|state=MI|M|99}}
{{jct|state=MI|M|199}}

=Rail=

Amtrak provides daily service to Albion, operating its Wolverine both directions between Chicago, Illinois and Pontiac, Michigan, via Detroit.

=Bus=

Greyhound Lines provides daily intercity city bus service to Albion between Chicago and Detroit.

Notable people

Kim Cascone, musician, composer, owner of Silent Records; born in Albion
M. F. K. Fisher, food writer, born in Albion
Ada Iddings Gale, author, lived and buried in Albion
Helen Rose Hull, author and university professor, was born in Albion. Her 1932 book Heat Lightning concerns a family that owns agricultural implement and automotive parts factories in a small town during the 1930s.
Frank Joranko, football player and coach for Albion College
LaVall Jordan, head men's basketball coach for Butler University, born in Albion
Martin Wells Knapp, American Methodist evangelist who founded the Pilgrim Holiness Church and God's Bible School and College, born in Albion.
Bill Laswell, jazz bassist, record producer and record label owner; raised in Albion
Jerome D. Mack, banker, director of Las Vegas hotels Riviera and Dunes, founder of University of Nevada, Las Vegas; born in Albion
Deacon McGuire, professional baseball player for 26 seasons, lived in Albion
Gary Lee Nelson, composer, pioneer in electronic and computer music; grew up in Albion[https://web.archive.org/web/20100630080628/http://www.timara.oberlin.edu/%7Egnelson/gnelson.htm Gary Lee Nelson's home page]
John Sinclair, poet and political activist, attended Albion College
Jon Scieszka, children's author, attended Albion College
Brian Tyler, racing driver, born in Albion{{Cite web |date=2010-07-10 |title=Brian Tyler |url=http://www.mmshof.org/inductees/Tyler_Brian.html |access-date=2023-06-19 |archive-date=2010-07-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100710020800/http://www.mmshof.org/inductees/Tyler_Brian.html |url-status=bot: unknown }}
Jack Vaughn, Assistant Secretary of State, Ambassador to Panama and Colombia, and Director of the Peace Corps (1966–1969); grew up in Albion
The War and Treaty, musical duo

References

External links

[https://cityofalbionmi.gov/ City of Albion official website]
[http://ci.albion.mi.us/ Albion City Information Page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130129212147/http://www.ci.albion.mi.us/ |date=2013-01-29 }}
[http://www.albionlibrary.org/ Albion District Library]
[http://www.albionmich.com/ Albion Michigan Home Page]
[http://www.albionmich.com/history/histor_notebook/TOCsubj.htm Historical Albion Michigan]
[https://web.archive.org/web/20070928074424/http://www.festivaloftheforks.com/ Festival of the Forks – Albion's annual music and food festival by the forks of the Kalamazoo River]
[http://www.greateralbionchamber.org/ The Greater Albion Chamber of Commerce]
[http://www.albionfoundation.org/ Albion Michigan Community Foundation – For Good. For Ever.]

Category:Cities in Calhoun County, Michigan

Category:Populated places established in 1835

Category:1835 establishments in Michigan Territory