Alcobaça Formation
{{Short description|Geological formation in Portugal}}
{{Infobox rockunit
| name = Alcobaça Formation
| image =
| caption =
| type = Geological formation
| age = Kimmeridgian
~{{fossilrange|156.9|152.5}}
| period = Late Jurassic
| prilithology = Marl
| otherlithology = Mudstone, coal, siltstone, limestone, sandstone
| namedfor = Alcobaça, Portugal
| namedby = Choffat
| year_ts = 1885
| region = Estremadura, Leiria, Lisboa
| country = Portugal
| coordinates = {{coord|39.6|N|9.0|W|display=inline,title}}
| paleocoordinates = {{coord|33.7|N|1.6|E|display=inline}}
| unitof =
| subunits = Camadas de Guimarota
| underlies = Lourinhã Formation
| overlies = Montejunto Formation
| thickness =
| extent = Lusitanian Basin
| area =
| map = {{Location map+ | Portugal
| relief = 1
| width = 250
| float = center
| places =
{{Location map~ | Portugal
| lat_deg = 39.6
| lon_deg = -9.0
| mark = Cyan pog.svg
| marksize = 12
}}
}}
| map_caption =
}}
The Alcobaça Formation, previously known as the Guimarota Formation and also known as the Consolação Unit,{{Cite journal|last1=Mateus|first1=O.|last2=Dinis|first2=J.|last3=Cunha|first3=P. P.|date=2017-09-28|title=The Lourinhã Formation: the Upper Jurassic to lower most Cretaceous of the Lusitanian Basin, Portugal – landscapes where dinosaurs walked|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320411961|journal=Ciências da Terra / Earth Sciences Journal|volume=19|issue=1|pages=75–97|doi=10.21695/cterra/esj.v19i1.355|issn=2183-4431|doi-access=free|hdl=10316/79879|hdl-access=free}} is a geological formation in Portugal.{{Cite journal|last1=Fürsich|first1=Franz T.|last2=Schneider|first2=Simon|last3=Werner|first3=Winfried|last4=Lopez-Mir|first4=Berta|last5=Pierce|first5=Colm S.|date=2021-09-13|title=Life at the continental–marine interface: palaeoenvironments and biota of the Alcobaça Formation (Late Jurassic, Central Portugal), with a formal definition of the unit appended|journal=Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments|volume=102 |issue=2 |pages=265–329 |doi=10.1007/s12549-021-00496-x|issn=1867-1608|doi-access=free}} It dates back to the Kimmeridgian stage of the Late Jurassic. It is an important source of information on the diversity of Late Jurassic mammals.{{cite web |url= https://paleobiodb.org/classic?a=basicCollectionSearch&collection_no=24563|title= Guimarota|last= |first= |date= |publisher= |work = Paleobiology Database|access-date= 31 August 2018|quote=}}{{cite web |url= https://paleobiodb.org/classic?a=basicCollectionSearch&collection_no=69708|title= Porto Pinheiro, Lourinha|last= |first= |date= |publisher= |work = Paleobiology Database|access-date= 31 August 2018|quote=}} Many of the fossils were collected from the now disused and flooded Camadas de Guimarota coal mine.
Vertebrate paleofauna
Dinosaur eggs are geographically located in Lisbon District, Portugal. Dinosaur tracks are geographically located in Leiria District, Portugal.
= Chondrichthyes =
| class="wikitable"
|+ ! colspan="7" |Chondrichthyes of the Alcobaça Formation |
| Genus
!Species !Location !Stratigraphic Position !Material !Notes !Images |
|---|
| Hybodus{{Cite journal |last=Palmer |first=Douglas |date=September 2001 |title=M ARTIN , T. & K REBS , B. (eds) 2000. Guimarota. A Jurassic Ecosystem . 155 pp. München: Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil. Price DM 120.00 (hard covers). ISBN 3 931516 80 6. |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0016756801316084/type/journal_article |journal=Geological Magazine |volume=138 |issue=5 |pages=619–630 |doi=10.1017/S0016756801316084 |issn=0016-7568|url-access=subscription }}
|Indeterminate |Guimarota | |Isolated Teeth | | |
| Asteracanthus
|A. biformatus |Guimarota | |isolated teeth, fin-spine and a head-spine | |
| Polyacrodus
|Indeterminate |Guimarota | |Isolated teeth and a fin-spine | | |
| Orectolobiformes
|Indeterminate |Guimarota | |One isolated tooth | | |
| Batomorphi
|Indeterminate |Guimarota | |Isolated teeth | | |
= Osteichthyes =
| class="wikitable"
|+ ! colspan="7" |Osteichthyes of the Alcobaça Formation |
| Genus
!Species !Location !Stratigraphic Position !Material !Notes !Images |
|---|
| Macromesodon
|Indeterminate |Guimarota | |Isolated teeth | | |
| Proscinetes
|Indeterminate |Guimarota | |Isolated teeth and prearticulars | |
| "Lepidotes"
|Indeterminate |Guimarota | |isolated lateral teeth, lower jaws, ganoid scales and isolated skull bones |Two species of different size can be distinguished from the fossil material | |
| Ionoscopidae
|Indeterminate |Guimarota | |Isolated teeth | | |
| Macrosemiidae
|Indeterminate |Guimarota | |Isolated grasping tooth | | |
| Caturus?
|Indeterminate |Guimarota | |Isolated Teeth and a partial skull | | |
| Pachycormidae
|Indeterminate |Guimarota | | | | |
= Amphibians =
Albanerpetontids are one of the most numerous faunal components of the Guimarota mine with around 9000 isolated remains, including parts of the skull and limbs. Remains of indeterminate salamanders and frogs are also present but far rarer.
| class="wikitable" align="center"
! colspan="7" align="center" | Amphibians of the Alcobaça Formation | ||||||
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cf. Celtedens
| Indeterminate | Porto Pinheiro | | | | ||||||
| cf. Marmorerpeton
|Indeterminate |Guimarota | | |Indeterminate salamander | | ||||||
| Discoglossidae
|Indeterminate |Guimarota | | |Indeterminate frog | |
= Choristoderes =
| class="wikitable" align="center"
! colspan="7" align="center" | Choristoderes of the Alcobaça Formation | ||||||
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cteniogenys
| Indeterminate | Guimarota | | | | |
= Ornithischians =
Indeterminate euornithopod remains located in Lisbon District. Indeterminate stegosaurid remains present in Lisbon District.
= Saurischians =
Indeterminate sauropod remains located in Leiria and Lisboa."16.1 Distrito do Leiria, Portugal; 3. Camadas de Alcobaça," and "16.4 Distrito do Lisboa, Portugal; 1. Camadas de Alcobaça," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Pages 548-549.
= Pterosaurs =
| class="wikitable"
|+ ! colspan="7" |Pterosaurs of the Alcobaça Formation |
| Genus
!Species !Location !Stratigraphic Position !Material !Notes !Images |
|---|
| aff. Rhamphorhynchus
|Indeterminate |Guimarota | |Isolated Fragments | |
| Pterodactyloidea
|Indeterminate |Guimarota | |Teeth | | |
= Turtles =
| class="wikitable" align="center"
! colspan="7" align="center" | Turtles of the Alcobaça Formation | ||||||
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peltochelys
| P. duchastelli | Guimarota | | | | | ||||||
| Platychelys
| Indeterminate | Guimarota | | | | | ||||||
| Pleurosternidae
| Indeterminate | Guimarota | | | | |
= Lepidosauromorphs =
= Crocodyliformes =
| class="wikitable" align="center"
! colspan="7" align="center" | Crocodyliformes of the Alcobaça Formation | ||||||
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goniopholis
| G. baryglyphaeus | Guimarota | | | A goniopholidid | ||||||
| Knoetschkesuchus
| K. guimarotae | Guimarota | | | An atoposaurid | ||||||
| Lisboasaurus
| L. mitracostatus | Guimarota | | | | | ||||||
| Machimosaurus
| M. hugii | Guimarota | | | A marine machimosaurid |
= Mammals =
| class="wikitable" align="center"
! colspan="7" align="center" | Mammals of the Alcobaça Formation | ||||||
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bathmochoffatia
| B. hapax | Guimarota | | | A paulchoffatiid multituberculate | | ||||||
| Bernardodon
| B. sp, B. atlanticus | Porto Pinheiro | | | A pinheirodontid multituberculate | | ||||||
| Drescheratherium
| D. acutum | Guimarota | | | A paurodontid dryolestidan | | ||||||
| Dryolestes
| D. leirensis | Guimarota | | | A dryolestid dryolestidan | | ||||||
| Ecprepaulax
| E. anomala | Porto Pinheiro | | | A pinheirodontid multituberculate | | ||||||
| Guimarotodon
| G. leiriensis | Guimarota | | | A paulchoffatiid multituberculate | | ||||||
| Guimarotodus
| G. inflatus | Guimarota | | | A dryolestid dryolestidan | | ||||||
| Haldanodon
| H. exspectatus | Guimarota | | | A docodont | | ||||||
| Henkelodon
| H. naias, H. sp | Guimarota | | | A paulchoffatiid multituberculate | | ||||||
| Henkelotherium
| H. guimarotae | Guimarota | | | A dryolestidan | ||||||
| Iberodon
| I. quadrituberculatus | Porto Pinheiro | | | A pinheirodontid multituberculate | | ||||||
| Kielanodon
| K. hopsoni | Guimarota | | | A paulchoffatiid multituberculate | | ||||||
| Krebsotherium
| K. lusitanicum | Guimarota | | | A dryolestid dryolestidan | | ||||||
| Kuehneodon
| K. guimarotensis, K. dietrichi, K. simpsoni, K. uniradiculatus, K. sp | Guimarota | | | A paulchoffatiid multituberculate | | ||||||
| Laolestes
| L. andresi | Porto Pinheiro | | | A dryolestid dryolestidan | | ||||||
| Meketibolodon
| M. robustus | Guimarota | | | A paulchoffatiid multituberculate | | ||||||
| Meketichoffatia
| M. krausei, M. sp | Guimarota | | | A paulchoffatiid multituberculate | | ||||||
| rowspan="2" | Nanolestes
| N. krusati | Porto Pinheiro | | | rowspan="2" | A cladotherian | | ||||||
| N. drescherae
| Guimarota | | | | ||||||
| Paulchoffatia
| P. delgadoi | Guimarota | | | A paulchoffatiid multituberculate | | ||||||
| Pinheirodon
| P. sp, P. vastus, P. pygmaeus | Porto Pinheiro | | | A pinheirodontid multituberculate | | ||||||
| Plesiochoffatia
| P. thoas, P. peperethos | Guimarota | | | A paulchoffatiid multituberculate | | ||||||
| Portopinheirodon
| P. asymmetricus | Porto Pinheiro | | | A dryolestid dryolestidan | | ||||||
| Priacodon
| Indeterminate | Porto Pinheiro | | | A triconodontid | | ||||||
| Proalbionbaatar
| P. plagiocyrtus | Guimarota | | | A multituberculate of uncertain placement | | ||||||
| Pseudobolodon
| P. dryas, P krebsi, P. oreas | Guimarota | | | A paulchoffatiid multituberculate | | ||||||
| Renatodon
| R. amalthea | Guimarota | | | A paulchoffatiid multituberculate | | ||||||
| ? Tinodon
| Indeterminate | Porto Pinheiro | | | | ||||||
| Xenachoffatia
| X. oinopion | Guimarota | | | A paulchoffatiid multituberculate | | ||||||
| Paulchoffatiidae
| Indeterminate | Guimarota | | | 4 distinct genera with 7 species | | ||||||
| Pinheirodontidae
| Indeterminate | Porto Pinheiro | | | | |
{{paleobiota-key-compact}}
Invertebrate Paleofauna
= Ostracods =
| class="wikitable"
|+ ! colspan="7" |Ostracods of the Alcobaça Formation |
| Genus
!Species !Location !Stratigraphic Position !Material !Notes !Images |
|---|
| rowspan="3" |Cetacella
|C. armata | | | | rowspan="3" |Cetacella is a typical component of Late Jurassic brackish water environments in Europe. Member of the Cypridacea | |
| C. inermis
| | | | |
| C. striata
| | | | |
| Theriosynoecum
|T. wyomingense | | | |Member of the Cytheracea | |
| Bisulcocypris
|B. pahasapensis | | | |Member of the Cytheracea | |
| Timiriasevia
|T. guimarotensis | | | |Member of the Cytheracea | |
| rowspan="2" |Poisia
|P. bicostata | | | | rowspan="2" |Member of the Cytheracea | |
| P. clivosa
| | | | |
| Dicrorygima
|D. reticulata | | | |Member of the Cytheracea | |
| Darwinula
|D. leguminella | | | |Member of the Darwinulacea | |
= Mollusca =
== Bivalves ==
| class="wikitable"
|+ ! colspan="7" |Bivalves of the Alcobaça Formation |
| Genus
!Species !Location !Stratigraphic Position !Material !Notes !Images |
|---|
| Isognomon
|I. rugosus |Guimarota | |Dozens of well preserved shells sometimes making up entire stratigraphic layers |This genus is regarded as an indicator for brachyhaline water conditions and it was likely buried in its natural habitat |
| "Unio"
|"U." cf. alcobacensis |Guimarota | |Dozens of well preserved shells with articulated valves |freshwater clam |
== Gastropods ==
| class="wikitable"
|+ ! colspan="7" |Gastropods of the Alcobaça Formation |
| Genus
!Species !Location !Stratigraphic Position !Material !Notes !Images |
|---|
| Teinostoma
|Indeterminate |Guimarota | |Shells |Boring traces of clionidid sponges on the shells of this taxon indicate a marine lifestyle | |
| Cryptaulax
|Indeterminate |Guimarota | |Shells | | |
| Melampoides
|M. jurassicus |Guimarota | |Shells |Boring traces of clionidid sponges on the shells of this taxon indicate a marine lifestyle, modern relatives like Melampus also venture onto land, which can also be expected from M. jurassicus | |
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
= Bibliography =
- {{citation |last1=Weishampel |first1=David B. |last2=Dodson |first2=Peter |last3=Osmólska |first3=Halszka |year=2004 |title=The Dinosauria, 2nd edition |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vtZFDb_iw40C |publisher=Berkeley: University of California Press |pages=1–880 |access-date=2019-02-21 |isbn=0-520-24209-2}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Alcobaca Formation}}
Category:Geologic formations of Portugal
Category:Jurassic System of Europe
Category:Ichnofossiliferous formations
Category:Ooliferous formations