Alexander Jeremiah Orenstein
{{Short description|Russian-born American general and physician (1879–1972)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Use South African English|date=April 2023}}
{{Infobox military person
| honorific_prefix = Major General
| birth_name = Alexander Jeremiah Orenstein
| honorific_suffix = {{Post-nominals|country=ZAR|CB|CMG|CBE|MID}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1879|9|26}}
| birth_place = Russian Empire
| death_date = {{death date and age|1972|7|7|1879|9|26}}
| death_place = South Africa
| image =
| caption =
|sports_nickname =
| allegiance = {{ubl|Russian Empire|United States|South Africa}}
| branch = South African Medical Services
| service_years =
| rank = Major General
| unit =
| commands = Director General Medical Services
| battles = {{ubl|World War I | World War II}}
| battles_label = Wars
| awards = {{MilAward Stack|CB |CMG |CBE |BWM|VictoryMID |Star1939_45 |AfricaStar |WarMed1939_45 |ASM|size=x12px}}
| relations =
| spouse = {{Marriage|Marie G. Sabsevich|1907}}
| laterwork = Lecturer
}}
Alexander Jeremiah Orenstein {{Post-nominals|country=ZAR|CB|CMG|CBE|MID}} (26 September 1879{{snd}}7 July 1972) was a Russian-born naturalized American general and military doctor.
Orenstein worked in the Panama Canal Zone and South Africa, on the eradication and treatment of tropical disease, and founded a series of lectures which bears his name.
Life
Alexander Jeremiah Orenstein was born in Odessa, Kherson Governorate, Russian Empire in 1879 to Joseph Orenstein and his wife Mary (née Jarkowsky). He became a naturalized US citizen in 1905, and two years later he married Marie G. Sabsevich in New York.
In the years 1905{{ndash}}12 Orenstein worked with General Gorgas in the Panama Canal Zone, where he assisted in the eradication of malaria and yellow fever during the building of the Panama Canal. In 1913 he was invited by Gorgas to work in German East Africa, and the next year, also with Gorgas, he worked in Johannesburg for Rand Mines Ltd. to reduce the high incidence of pneumonia and tuberculosis among miners. He lived in a house near the University of the Witwatersrand now known as the Villa d'Este. He remained in South Africa until his death. During both world wars Orenstein was director general of medical services in the South African defence forces, becoming first a Brigadier, then a Major General.{{cite web|url=http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0015_0_15181.html |website=Jewishvirtuallibrary.org |title=Orenstein, Alexander Jeremiah}}
AJ Orenstein Memorial Lectures
In 1962, Orenstein delivered the first of a series of annual lectures at the inception of the Adler Museum of Medicine of the University of the Witwatersrand. There were AJ Orenstein Lectures from 1967 to 1971. In 1972, after Orenstein's death, the name was changed to the AJ Orenstein Memorial Lecture, to commemorate his work for the health service of the mining industry, and lectures have since been held nearly every year on a wide range of subjects included under health care.[http://web.wits.ac.za/health/adlermuseum/orenstein-lecture/ Orenstein Lecture Background]
Awards
Academic
- MD
- DSc Phila (1905)
- MRCS LRCP (1916)
- LLD Wits (1931)
- MD Jefferson (1920)
- MRCP (1938)
- FRCP (1946)
- Hon FRSM
- Hon FRSTMH
Military
- {{MilAward Desc|CB|x25px}}
- {{MilAward Desc|CMG|x25px}}
- {{MilAward Desc|CBE|x25px}}
- {{MilAward Desc|BWM|x25px}}
- {{MilAward Desc|VictoryMID|x25px}}
- {{MilAward Desc|Star1939_45|x25px}}
- {{MilAward Desc|AfricaStar|x25px}}
- {{MilAward Desc|WarMed1939_45|x25px}}
- {{MilAward Desc|ASM|x25px}}
References
{{Reflist}}
Bibliography
- A. P. Cartwright, Golden Age, Purnell (1968)
- A. P. Cartwright, South Africa's Hall of Fame, Central News Agency (1958)
External links
- {{cite web|url=http://munksroll.rcplondon.ac.uk/Biography/Details/3386 |title=Royal College of Physicians: Lives of the Fellows}}
- {{cite web|url=http://www.s2a3.org.za/bio/Biograph_final.php?serial=2072 |title=S2A3 Biographical Database of South African Science}}
- {{cite web|url=https://www.wits.ac.za/health/adlermuseum/ |title=Adler Museum of Medicine at Witwatersrand University}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Orenstein, Alexander Jeremiah}}
Category:United States Army generals
Category:South African Army generals
Category:American public health doctors
Category:Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the United States