Alexander McDonnell (engineer)
{{Short description|Irish locomotive engineer}}
{{EngvarB|date=October 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox engineer
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|name = Alexander McDonnell
|nationality =
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|birth_date = {{birth date|1829|12|18|df=yes}}
|birth_place = Dublin, Ireland
|death_date = {{death date and age|1904|12|14|1829|12|18|df=yes}}
|death_place = Holyhead, Wales
|education = Trinity College Dublin
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|discipline = Steam locomotive engineer
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|employer = Great Southern and Western Railway
North Eastern Railway
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Alexander McDonnell was an Irish locomotive engineer and civil engineer. He was born in Dublin on 18 December 1829 and died in Holyhead on 14 December 1904. He was educated at Trinity College Dublin, where he graduated with an honours BA in mathematics (1851).{{Cite web |url=https://steamindex.com/people/mcdonnell.htm |title=Alexander McDonnell |website=steamindex.com }} He brought order and standardisation to the workshops and locomotive designs of the Great Southern and Western Railway of Ireland, and was later employed to do the same for the North Eastern Railway in England, although resistance to his changes meant little progress was made before he left.
Career
McDonnell was apprenticed at Newall and Gordon in Westminster before working as an engineer at the Newport, Abergavenny and Hereford Railway – later to become part of the Great Western Railway.{{Cite web|url=https://www.lner.info/eng/mcdonnell.php|title=LNER Encyclopedia: Alexander McDonnell|website=www.lner.info}}
From 1864 to 1883 he was Locomotive, Carriage and Wagon Superintendent of the Great Southern and Western Railway of Ireland at Inchicore. McDonnell reformed the GS&WR workshop practices and improved their speed and efficiency. He also introduced practices then in use at Crewe Works and standardised parts between locomotive classes.
McDonnell was noted for his ability to recognise, and employ, men of talent. By doing this, he initiated the "Inchicore school" of locomotive engineers, who would include Sir John Aspinall, H.A. Ivatt, and R.E.L. Maunsell.
From 1 November 1882, McDonnell was Locomotive Superintendent of the North Eastern Railway (NER) in England; he succeeded Edward Fletcher, who had retired. He found that Fletcher's locomotives, although good, did not use standardised components. McDonnell decided that in future, locomotives would use shared standard parts where possible, and that locomotive design and construction would utilise the practices which he had used at Inchicore.{{cite book |last1=Boddy |first1=M.G. |last2=Fry |first2=E.V. |last3=Hennigan |first3=W. |last4=Proud |first4=P. |last5=Yeadon |first5=W.B. |authorlink5=Willie Yeadon |editor-last=Fry |editor-first=E.V. |title=Part 1: Preliminary Survey |series=Locomotives of the L.N.E.R. |date=July 1963 |publisher=RCTS |location=Potters Bar |pages=10, 11 }} His first locomotive design for the NER, the '38' class 4-4-0, incorporated a number of unpopular features; and some popular features of Fletcher's engines were omitted. Worse, although the new locomotives were larger than Fletcher's most recent designs, they were no more capable.{{cite book |last1=Fry |first1=E.V. |authorlink2 =Ken Hoole|last2=Hoole |first2=Ken |last3=Manners |first3=F. |last4=Neve |first4=E. |last5=Proud |first5=P. |last6=Yeadon |first6=W.B. |authorlink6=Willie Yeadon |editor-last=Fry |editor-first=E.V. |title=Part 3C: Tender Engines – Classes D13 to D24 |series=Locomotives of the L.N.E.R. |date=August 1981 |publisher=RCTS |location=Kenilworth |isbn=0-901115-52-5 |pages=56–57 }} His only other design for the NER, the '59' class 0-6-0, were also unpopular; in this case, the engines were of similar size to Fletcher's most recent 0-6-0, but were less powerful.{{cite book |editor-last=Fry |editor-first=E.V. |title=Part 5: Tender Engines – Classes J1 to J37 |series=Locomotives of the L.N.E.R. |date=September 1966 |publisher=RCTS |location=Kenilworth |isbn=0-901115-12-6 |page=145 }} As a consequence, McDonnell resigned from the NER in September 1884, receiving a year's salary as severance pay. McDonnell was not replaced immediately, the NER's locomotive department then being managed by a committee chaired by Henry Tennant.
Locomotive designs
=GS&WR=
- GS&WR Class 2 – 4-4-0
- GS&WR Class 21 – 2-4-0
- GS&WR Class 47 – 0-4-4 back tank
- GS&WR Class 90 – 0-6-0T
- GS&WR Class 91 – 0-6-4T Inspection saloon/locomotive
- GS&WR Class 101 – 0-6-0
- GS&WR Class 203 – 0-6-4T
- GS&WR Class 204 – 0-6-0T
- GS&WR Class Sprite – 0-4-2T
=NER=
- NER Class '38' 4-4-0{{Cite web|url=https://www.lner.info/locos/D/ner_38.php|title=LNER Encyclopedia: The McDonnell NER Class '38' 4-4-0 Locomotives|website=www.lner.info}}
- NER Class '59' (LNER Class J22) 0-6-0{{Cite web|url=https://www.lner.info/locos/J/j22.php|title=LNER Encyclopedia: The McDonnell J22 (NER Class '59') 0-6-0 Locomotives|website=www.lner.info}}
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-bus}}
{{s-bef|before=Edward Fletcher}}
{{s-ttl|title=Locomotive Superintendent of the
North Eastern Railway |years=October 1882 – September 1884}}
{{s-aft|after=Thomas William Worsdell}}
{{s-end}}
{{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:McDonnell, Alexander}}
Category:Locomotive superintendents
Category:Irish people in rail transport
Category:Irish railway mechanical engineers