Alexey Saltykov (1806–1859)

Prince Alexei Saltykov (rendered in French and English at the time variously as Soltykoff, Saltykoff, Soltikoff, Saltuikov, and Saltykow) was born in St. Petersburg on 1 February 1806 to Prince Dmitri Nikolaevich Saltykov (1767–1826) and Anna Nikolaevna Leontieva (1776–1810). He had three older brothers, the princes Ivan (1797–1832), Petr (ca. 1804–1889) and Vladimir (ca. 1799–1835), and an older sister, Princess Mariya (1795–1823).

Alexei's father Dmitri had two brothers, Aleksandr (1775–1837) and Sergei (1776–1828). The three boys were the sona of the famous General Nikolai Ivanovich Saltykov (31 October 1736 – 24 March 1816) and Natalya Vladimirovna Dolgorukaya (1737–1812).

File:Alexis Soltykoff, Litterat (eur), Dessinateur, Explorateur.jpg]]

Alexei's childhood in St. Petersburg is somewhat of a mystery. In his youth he trained with the well-known Polish emigre artist Aleksander Orłowski, who likely influenced Saltykov's interest in ethnographic imagery of the Orient.Amartya Mukhopadhyay, India in Russian Orientalism: Travel Narratives and Beyond (New Delhi: Manohar Publishers & Distributors, 2013) One of Saltykov's earliest drawings, depicting the Persian embassy march along the Neva in St Petersburg, is now conserved at the Hermitage Museum.Richard R. Walding, Helen Stone, and Achuthsankar S. Nair, “The Russian Prince and the Maharajah of Travancore,” Journal of Kerala Studies, Vol. XXXVI (2009): 10-87 At the age of eighteen Saltykov joined the diplomatic services with the Russian State Board (Collegium) for Foreign Affairs in Moscow. By the age of 23 he was with the Russian Foreign Service, first in Constantinople, then in Athens, later in London, Florence, Rome, and Teheran.{{cite book |title= Pis'ma ob Indii |last= Alayev |first= Leonid B. |year= 1985|publisher= Nauka |location= Moskva |pages= Introduction }} In 1840 Alexis retired and moved to Paris where he planned his voyages to India. He ended up making two voyages there (1841–43 and 1844–46), acquiring the sobriquet 'The Indian' from the Russian and French aristocracy. Saltykov's collected letters and a handful of lithographs after his drawings were published in French in 1848 as "Lettres sur L'Inde." This books as well as later high quality folios of lithographs after his drawings, including Habitants de L’Inde and Voyages Dans L’Inde Pendant les Années 1841-1842-1843, 1845-1846, became very well known in Europe.Alexis Soltykoff, Habitants de l’Inde. (Paris: H. Gache, 1853). Alexis Soltykoff, Voyages Dans L’Inde Pendant Les Années 1841-1842-1843, 1845-1846 (Paris: Auguste Bry, 1850?) {{cite web|url=http://indicatorloops.com/soltykoff.pdf|title=The Russian Prince and the Maharaja of Travancore| access-date=2012-05-10 |work=indicatorloops.com/soltykoff.pdf }} A comprehensive article on Soltykoff's travels in India by R. Walding, H. Stone & A. Nair (2009) Journal of Kerala Studies (University of Kerala), Vol. 36, p. 10-87.

In 1851 the book was translated into Russian and became an instant success: it truly enraptured the Russian reading public.{{cite book |title= Pis'ma ob Indii |year= 1851|location= Moskva }} The drawings were published separately in London in 1859 as "Drawings on the Spot".

File:Церковь Воздвижения Креста Господня вид со стороны усадьбы.jpg

Saltykov also acquired a substantial collection of Indian arms and armor during his travels, and weapons frequently appeared in his drawings. These items were given to his brother, the renowned art collector Petr Saltykov. In 1861 Petr auctioned his collection off, and Tsar Alexander II bought the entire collection of Eastern arms and armor for the Tsarskoye Selo Arsenal.Andrei Popov, "O kollektsionirovanii indiiskogo oruzhiia v Rossii: puteshestvenniki I cobirateli" in Ol'ga A. Sosnina, Indiia v Kul'turnom Prostranstve Rossii. XV-XX Veka (India in the Russian Cultural Space 15th-20th Centuries). (Moscow: "Tsaritsyno" Kuchkovo Pole Muzeon, 2023)

Saltykov died in Paris, 23 March 1859 of heart disease. He is buried under the altar of the Church on his family estate in the village of Snegirevo, Vladimir Oblast, Russia.

Voyages dans l'Inde et en Perse.publishe by V. Lecou, 1853.{{cite book |last1=Saltykov |first1=Alexey |title=Voyages dans l'Inde et en Perse par le Prince Alexis Soltykoff. |date=1853 |publisher=V. Lecou |location=Paris |url=https://archive.org/details/voyagesdanslind00saltgoog/page/n10/mode/1up?q=hasan |quote=V. Lecou, Editeur}}

The 11th century Gloucester Candlestick was obtained by the V & A from (a) Prince Soltikoff in 1861{{cite web|title=The Gloucester Candlestick |url=http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/t/gloucester-candlestick/ |publisher=Victoria and Albert Museum |access-date=9 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710154037/http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/t/gloucester-candlestick/ |archive-date=10 July 2011 }} and the John Grandisson Triptych which is now in the British Museum was also once part of the Saltykov collection.A. W. Franks, [https://books.google.com/books?id=MjdJAAAAcAAJ Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of London], 2nd Series, no.1, pp. 376-377.

File:Plate 1. Entrée de l'ambassade de Perse à Saint-Pétersbourg (1851 reprint).jpg|Abdul Hasan Khan's embassy arriving in Saint Petersburg in 1815, sketched by a young Saltykov, who was inspired to travel to the East.

File:Plate 10. Hadji-Mohammed à Saint-Pétersbourg.jpg|His friend Hadji-Mohammed, a Persian merchant resident of Russia for at least thirty years, reinforced his ambition.

File:Plate 16. Le premier ministre sortant de chez le roi - 'Voyage en Persee.' Troisième Édition. L. Curmer & V. Lecou, Paris (1854).jpg|Abbas Mirza Molk-Ara Nayeb-al-saltana in his childhood with his tutor, Reza-Qoli Khan Hedayat, Haji Mirza Aqasi, the grand vizier and Mirza Abolhassan Khan Ilchi; Published in 1850{{Cite book |last=Saltykov |first=Aleksei Dmitrievich |author-link=Alexey Saltykov (1806–1859) |title=Voyage en Perse |last2=Curmer |first2=L. |last3=Lecou |first3=V. |publisher=L. Curmer & V. Lecou (Paris) |year=1850 |edition=1st |location=Paris, France |publication-date=1850 |pages=92 |language=fr}}

File:Plate 18. Réalité - 'Voyage en Persee.'.jpg|Saltykov sketching Mohammad Shah Qajar, the Shah of Persia, in Tehran in 1838

File:Plate 21. Le roi de Perse.jpg|The finished sketch of the Shah.

File:Plate 15. Nassr-Eddin-Mirza, héritier du trône (ناصرالدین میرزا در تبریز).jpg|He also sketched the heir to the throne, Naser al-Din Shah Qajar.

File:AbbasMirzaMolkAra childhood portrait.jpg|Abbas Mirza Molk-Ara Nayeb-al-saltana in his childhood; Published in 1850{{Cite book |last=Saltykov |first=Aleksei Dmitrievich |author-link=Alexey Saltykov (1806–1859) |title=Voyage en Perse |last2=Curmer |first2=L. |last3=Lecou |first3=V. |publisher=L. Curmer & V. Lecou (Paris) |year=1850 |edition=1st |location=Paris, France |publication-date=1850 |pages=103 |language=fr}}

File:Plate 3. Offrande d'un Chef Kandien a un Temple de Bouddha aux environs de Kandy (Ceylan) (Mai 1841).jpg|Saltykov attends a dramatic Ballet, performed by Malabars in a wood, near Colombo, April, 1841.

File:Plate 32. Chasse aux Éléphants dans la Forêt de Karnigâl. (Ceylan, Mars 1845) pub. 1850.jpg|Saltykov witnessing an elephant hunt in Sri Lanka

File:Religious Procession in the Galleries of the Convent of Ramisseram near Ceylan, June 1841.jpg|He visits the Ramanathaswamy Temple.

File:Plate 11. Interieur du Convent de Condjeveram, a 40 milles de Madras...(Juin 1841).jpg|A visit to Condjeveram (Kanchipuram), 40 miles from Madras, June 1841.

Plate 3. Festival of the Goddess Durga at Calcutta.jpg|Soltykov attending a company ball in Calcutta for the Festival of the Goddess Durga.

File:Салтыков-дорога.jpg|Saltykov travelling by litter over the Punjab Plain.

File:Plate 8. Cavalcade of Sikh chieftains on elephants. Indian Scenes and Characters from drawings made on the spot (1858).jpg|A cavalcade of Sikhs.

File:Plate 9. Sikh Chieftains. Indian Scenes and Characters from drawings made on the spot CKS 01568 0061.jpg|Sikh Chieftains..

File:Maharajah Sher Singh, 1842, Lithograph.jpg|He sketches Sher Singh near Amritsar in March 1842.

File:Plate 34. Achat D'Armes a Delhi.jpg|Saltykov buying weapons in Delhi.

File:Plate 7. Simla, the North face of Jukko, the Bank in 1850, the Craigs (Sir Henry Elliott's Residence), Capt. Mavow's House etc., - sunrise.jpg|His house on Jakhu Hill, Shimla at the far left, as sketched by Mrs. W.L.L. Scott.

File:Portrait of Jayaji Rao Sindhia.jpg|A Saltykov portrait of the Maharaja of Gwalior.

File:The Court of the Rajah of Gwalior. The Illustrated Times, 1858.jpg|The full Court of Gwailor, published in The Illustrated Times, after a Saltykov sketch.

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Category:1806 births

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