Almaty Tower
{{Short description|Tallest free-standing tubular steel structure in the world}}
{{Infobox building
| name = Almaty Tower
| native_name = Алматы Теледидар Мұнарасы
Алма-Ати́нская телебашня
| native_name_lang = kk
| image = File:Almaty, Kok Tobe tower.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_size = 300px
| caption = Almaty Tower in Almaty, Kazakhstan
| status = Complete
| start_date = 1975
| completion_date = 1983
| opening = 1983
| building_type = Steel telecommunications and observation tower
| architectural = {{convert|372|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} (rounded-off)
| antenna_spire = {{convert|371.5|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}
| location = {{flagicon|KAZ}} Almaty, Kazakhstan
| coordinates = {{coord|43|13|44|N|76|58|34|E|region:KZ|display=inline,title}}
| map_type = Kazakhstan
| map_size = 300
| elevator_count = 2
| floor_count = 7
| architect = N.G. Terziev, A.N. Savchenko (constructors N.K. Akimov, B.V. Ostroumov)
}}
The Almaty Television Tower ({{Langx|kk|Алматы теледидар мұнарасы}}; {{langx|ru|Алматинская телебашня}}), or simply Almaty Tower, formally the Koktobe TV Tower ({{langx|kk|«Көктөбе» телемұнарасы}}; {{langx|ru|Телебашня «Коктобе»}}) is a {{convert|371.5|m|ft|adj=mid|-high}} steel television tower built between 1975 and 1983 in Almaty, Kazakhstan. The tower is located on high slopes of Kok Tobe mountain ({{langx|kk|Көктөбе}} means "green hill") south-east of downtown Almaty. Unlike other similar TV towers, it is not a concrete, but a steel tubular structure. It is the tallest free-standing tubular steel structure in the world.{{cite web|title=Alma-Ata Television Tower (Almaty, 1983) {{!}} Structurae|url=http://en.structurae.de/structures/data/index.cfm?ID=s0000889|publisher=En.structurae.de|access-date=2012-12-28}}
The tower is 371.5 m (1,219 ft) tall; its 114 m metal aerial reaches 1000 meters above sea level. It has two observation decks at the height of 146 m and 252 m, which are accessible by two high-speed elevators. It is however not open to the public.
On the north-western wall of the tower, in honor of the launch of the Soyuz T-12 spacecraft, one of the largest mosaics in the city was installed, 20 meters long and 8 meters high. The authors of the mosaic, which displays satellites and astronauts, are unknown. The tower contains several tunnels leading to a bomb shelter.{{Cite web|title=Что находится внутри телебашни "Кок-Тобе"?|url=http://www.buro247.kz/lifestyle/design/chto-nakhoditsya-vnutri-televyshki-kok-tobe.html|url-status=live|language=ru|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027003523/https://www.buro247.kz/lifestyle/design/chto-nakhoditsya-vnutri-televyshki-kok-tobe.html |archive-date=27 October 2020}}
History
The tower was built by the architects Terziev, Savchenko, Akimov and Ostroumov.{{Cite web|date=18 June 2020|title=Горы Алматы (фоторепортаж)|url=https://ruh.kz/ru/2020/06/18/gory-almaty-fotoreportazh/|access-date=7 August 2022|website=ruh.kz|language=ru-RU|archive-date=7 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807123829/https://ruh.kz/ru/2020/06/18/gory-almaty-fotoreportazh/|url-status=dead}} The design of the KM stage was developed in the department of high-rise structures of the {{ill|Melnikov Central Research and Design Institute of Construction|ru|Центральный научно-исследовательский и проектный институт строительных металлоконструкций имени Н. П. Мельникова}} under the guidance of B. V. Ostroumov, with the participation of "Fundamentproekt" (Moscow) and the Kazakh branch of the "Central Research and Design Institute of Steel and Structures".{{Cite web |title=Казахстанская телебашня "Кок-тобе" отпраздновала свой юбилей |url=https://total.kz/ru/news/obshchestvo/kazahstanskaya_telebashnya_kok_tobe_otprazdnovala |access-date=2022-08-07 |website=total.kz |language=ru}} The tower's structures were manufactured and assembled by the "Kazmontazhstroydetal" and "Kazstalmontazh" trusts of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic's "Minmontazhspetsstroy".{{Cite web |last=Populi |first=Vox |date=22 January 2015 |title=Секреты алматинской телебашни {{!}} VOXPOPULI |url=https://voxpopuli.kz/telebashnya-11676/ |access-date=7 August 2022 |language=ru-RU |archive-date=3 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230803134236/https://voxpopuli.kz/telebashnya-11676/ |url-status=dead }}
The tower entered operation on 1 June 1984, having cost 600 million rubles.{{Cite web |title=Власти Алматы потратят 25 млн. на изучение местности Көк-Төбе |url=https://kapital.kz/economic/4859/vlasti-almaty-potratyat-25-mln-na-izucheniye-mestnosti-k%D3%A9k-t%D3%A9be.html |access-date=7 August 2022|website=Деловой портал Капитал.кз |date=23 April 2012 |language=ru}} In October 1984 there was a fire in the tower: TV transmitter feeders burned due to errors in calculating the distribution of radio radiation power over the antenna panels.{{Cite web |title=Экскурсия на самую высокую телебашню в мире |url=https://yvision.kz/post/450790 |access-date=7 August 2022|website=yvision.kz |language=ru}}
Reconstruction
In March 2012, the Ministry of Transport and Communications and the Akimat of Almaty signed an agreement on the reconstruction and modernization of the TV tower and the surrounding area, starting the following year. The plan involves opening the tower to tourists.{{Cite web |last=tengrinews.kz |date=23 April 2012|title=Есимову представили план модернизации телебашни Коктобе |url=https://tengrinews.kz/kazakhstan_news/esimovu-predstavili-plan-modernizatsii-telebashni-koktobe-212736/ |access-date=7 August 2022|website=Главные новости Казахстана - Tengrinews.kz |language=ru}}
Monument status
On 10 November 2010, a new State List of Historical and Cultural Monuments of Local Significance in Almaty was approved, simultaneously with which all previous decisions on this subject were declared invalid. In this decree, the status of the Koktobe TV Tower as a monument of local importance was preserved. The boundaries of the protection zones were approved in 2014.{{Cite web |title=Об утверждении границ охранных зон, зон регулирования застройки и зон охраняемого природного ландшафта объектов историко-культурного наследия города Алматы - ИПС "Әділет" |url=https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/V14R0001089 |access-date=7 August 2022|website=adilet.zan.kz}}
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- {{Structurae|id=20000889|title=Almaty Television Tower}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20050227011625/http://expat.nursat.kz/?3303 Photograph of the Tower from The Almaty Expat site]
{{Supertall}}
Category:Towers completed in 1983
Category:Towers built in the Soviet Union
Category:Buildings and structures in Almaty
Category:Radio masts and towers
Category:1983 establishments in Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic