Almirante Padilla-class frigate
{{Short description|Series of frigates operated by the Colombian Navy}}
| {{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image |Ship image=ARC Almirante Padilla (FM 51).jpg |Ship caption=ARC Almirante Padilla }} {{Infobox ship class overview |Name=Almirante Padilla class |Builders=Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft (HDW) |Operators={{navy|Colombia}} |Class before= |Class after= |Subclasses= |Built range=1981–1983 |In commission range=1983–present |Total ships building= |Total ships planned=4 |Total ships completed=4 |Total ships cancelled= |Total ships active=4 |Total ships laid up= |Total ships lost= |Total ships retired= |Total ships preserved= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship type=Frigate |Ship displacement={{cvt|2,100|t|lk=on}} full load |Ship length={{convert|99.1|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |Ship beam={{convert|11.3|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |Ship draft={{convert|3.7|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |Ship propulsion=2 shaft, 4 MTU 20V 1163 TB92 diesel engines {{convert|23,400|hp|abbr=on}} |Ship speed={{convert|27|kn|lk=in}} |Ship range={{convert|7000|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|14|kn}} |Ship complement=92 |Ship sensors=* SMART-S ( Mk2 version)
|Ship EW=* VIGILE ESM
|Ship armament=* 8 SSM-700K Hae Sung I (Sea Star) anti-ship missiles
|Ship armor= |Ship aircraft=* 1 × Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm MBB Bo 105 CBS-5, or
|Ship aircraft facilities= |Ship notes= }} |
The Almirante Padilla-class frigates is a series of frigates operated by the Colombian Navy. The designation of this class is Type FS 1500 and there are four ships in service. The ships were built by Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft (HDW) at Kiel, West Germany in the 1980s, with the first vessel commissioning in 1983 and the last in 1984. The frigates have undergone significant modification over their careers with the 2012 Orion Program Upgrade significantly modernising the vessels. Two similar ships operate as the {{sclass|Kasturi|corvette|1}}s in the Royal Malaysian Navy.
Design and description
Colombia ordered four frigates of the West German Type FS 1500 design in 1980 with the first ship intended to be delivered in 1982.{{sfn|Couhat|1986|p=79}} The Colombian Navy intended to upgrade these frigates as funding became available as they became the most powerful ships in their arsenal with the retirement of the older destroyers. Two vessels of a modified design serve with the Royal Malaysian Navy.{{sfn|Gardiner|Chumbley|Budzbon|1995|p=68}} They initially had a standard displacement of {{convert|1600|t|LT|lk=on}}{{sfn|Couhat|1986|p=79}} that by 2009 had been reduced to {{convert|1500|t|LT}}{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=170}} and a fully loaded displacement of {{convert|1850|t|LT}}{{sfn|Couhat|1986|p=79}} that climbed to {{convert|2100|t|LT}} by 2009.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=170}} The ships originally measured {{convert|95.3|m|ftin}} long overall and {{convert|90|m|ftin}} between perpendiculars with a beam of {{convert|11.3|m|ftin}} and a draught of {{convert|3.5|m|ftin}}.{{sfn|Couhat|1986|p=79}} This was later increased to {{convert|99.1|m|ftin}} long overall maintaining the same beam but increasing the draught to {{convert|3.7|m|ftin}}.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=170}} They initially had a complement of 92 which rose to 94 by 2009.{{sfn|Couhat|1986|p=79}}{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=170}} The ships are equipped with fin stabilizers.{{sfn|Gardiner|Chumbley|Budzbon|1995|p=69}}
=Propulsion=
The Almirante Padilla class is powered by a CODAD propulsion system. The frigates were powered by four MTU 20V 1163 TB92 diesel engines driving two shafts and developing maximum {{convert|23,400|hp|lk=on|order=flip}} and {{cvt|21000|hp|kW|order=flip}} sustained turning two controllable pitch propellers.{{sfn|Couhat|1986|p=79}}{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=170}} These were the first ships to mount these engines.{{sfn|Couhat|1986|p=79}} This gives a maximum speed of {{convert|27|kn|lk=in}}, and a range of {{convert|7,000|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|14|kn}}.{{sfn|Couhat|1986|p=79}}{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=170}}{{efn|Couhat has the range at {{convert|5000|nmi}} at 14 knots and a maximum {{cvt|23000|hp|kW|order=flip}}.{{sfn|Couhat|1986|p=79}}}} The ships carried {{cvt|200|t}} of fuel and were capable of generating 2,120 kW of power.{{sfn|Couhat|1986|p=79}}
=Electronics=
Almirante Padilla-class frigates were initially equipped with one Thomson-CSF Sea Tiger air search radar, one Castor IIB fire control radar.{{sfn|Couhat|1986|p=79}} The Sea Tiger radar had a range of {{convert|110|km}} for a target {{cvt|2|m2}} and the Castor IIB radar, a range of {{cvt|15|km}} for a {{cvt|1|m2}} target.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=170}} a Thomson-CSF Vega II fire-control system (FCS) and two Canopus optronic directors. The vessels had a Krupp Atlas AS04-2 hull-mounted sonar, a Racal Scimitar electronic warfare jammer and two Dagaie chaff launchers.{{sfn|Couhat|1986|p=79}} The ships have been improved through the years later receiving Thomson-CSF TAVITAC combat action data systems and Argo AC672 electronic support measures.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=170}}
=Armament=
The frigates were originally armed with eight MM 40 Exocet anti-ship missiles in two quad mounts located amidships, each carrying a {{convert|165|kg}} warhead with a range of {{cvt|70|km}}. The Almirante Padilla class were also armed with an OTO Melara OTO Melara 76 mm#Compact naval gun, mounted forward firing {{cvt|6|kg}} projectiles to a range of {{cvt|16|km}}, 85 rounds per minute.{{sfn|Couhat|1986|p=79}}{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=170}} For anti-submarine warfare, the vessels were equipped with six {{cvt|324|mm|0}} torpedo tubes in two triple mounts sighted to either side of the aft superstructure using Whitehead A244S torpedoes carrying a {{cvt|38|kg}} warhead with a range of {{cvt|7|km}}.{{sfn|Couhat|1986|p=79}}{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=170}}{{efn|Gardiner, Chumbley & Budzbon have the ships using Mk 32 torpedo tubes.{{sfn|Gardiner|Chumbley|Budzbon|1995|p=69}}}}
For anti-air defence, the frigates were initially armed with twin-mounted Breda {{cvt|40|mm}} guns and four Emerlac {{cvt|30|mm}} guns in two twin mounts.{{sfn|Couhat|1986|p=79}} By 2009 the 30 mm guns had been removed. The twin-mounted 40 mm guns are situated aft of the landing platform at the rear of the ship and are capable of firing 300 rounds per minute to a range of {{cvt|12.5|km}}.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=170}} A space was left in front of the bridge to allow for the later installation of surface-to-air missiles (SAMs).{{sfn|Gardiner|Chumbley|Budzbon|1995|p=69}} The French Mistral SAM system was chosen composed of two twin Matra Simbad launchers. The Mistral SAM has a warhead of {{cvt|3|kg}} and a range of {{cvt|4|km}} for use against sea-skimming missiles.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=170}}
=Aircraft=
File:Colombian navy frigate ARC Antioquia (FM 53) during UNITAS Atlantic 2012.jpg
The Almirante Padilla class does have a hangar facility, and thus can embark a helicopter. The landing platform aft is suitable for a Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm MBB Bo 105 CBS-5 or the Eurocopter AS-555-SN Fennec helicopters for over-the-horizon targeting. The landing pad was extended aft by {{cvt|2|m}} to accommodate Bell 412 helicopters.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=170}}
=Orion Program Upgrade=
The Orion Program Upgrade was a mid-life refit performed by the Thales Group. In January 2012, Thales Group delivered the first upgraded Almirante Padilla-class frigates to the Colombian Navy. The equipment upgrades included a series of new sensors including the Smart-s Mk2 radar, TACTICOS combat system, Sting-EO Mk2 naval fire control tracking system, MIRADOR electro-optical multi-sensor surveillance, tracking and fire control system. For defence, the vessels were upgraded with the Vigile Radar Electronic Support Measures (RESM) system and TERMA SKSW DL-12T decoy system. They were given new MTU M-93 engines and new communication systems. In addition, OTO Melara DART ammunition and 16 SSM-700K Hae Sung I (Sea Star) anti-ship missiles were ordered.{{cite web |url=http://www.webinfomil.com/2012/11/armada-nacional-compro-misiles-coreanos.html |title=Armada Nacional Compró Misiles Coreanos "C-Star" Para Equipar Sus Corbetas Misileras |language=Spanish |publisher=webinfomil.com |date=30 November 2012 |accessdate=12 January 2015 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121219021554/http://www.webinfomil.com:80/2012/11/armada-nacional-compro-misiles-coreanos.html |archive-date=2012-12-19 }} In September 2014, Colombia fired the DART guided ammunition from the Oto Melara 76 mm Strales. The testing was performed aboard Caldas.{{cite web |url=http://www.janes.com/article/43167/colombia-conducts-first-dart-firings |title=Colombia conducts first DART firings |last=Scott |first=Richard |website=Jane's.com |date=17 September 2014 |accessdate=12 January 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-date=17 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140917112112/http://www.janes.com/article/43167/colombia-conducts-first-dart-firings }}
Ships in class
File:ARC Almirante Padilla.jpg
| class="wikitable" |
| colspan=7|Almirante Padilla-class frigates{{sfn|Gardiner|Chumbley|Budzbon|1995|p=69}} |
|---|
| Name
!Pennant number !Builder !Laid down !Launched !Commissioned !Status |
| {{ship|ARC|Almirante Padilla|FM-51|2}}
| align=center| FM-51 |rowspan=4 align=center |Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft, Kiel | 17 March 1981 | 6 January 1982 | 31 October 1983 | In active service |
| {{ship|ARC|Caldas|FM-52|2}}
| align=center |FM-52 | 14 June 1981 | 23 April 1982 | 14 February 1984 | In active service |
| {{ship|ARC|Antioquia|FM-53|2}}
| align=center|FM-53 | 22 June 1981 | 28 August 1982 | 30 April 1984 | In active service |
| {{ship|ARC|Independiente|FM-54|2}}
| align=center|FM-54 | 22 June 1981 | 21 January 1983 | 27 July 1984 | In active service |
Service history
The Almirante Padilla-class frigates are used primarily to patrol Colombia's exclusive economic zone and perform anti-narcotic patrols in Colombian waters. The frigates have also taken part in naval exercises such as UNITAS and PANAMAX.{{cite web |url=https://www.eluniversal.com.co/sociales/arc-almirante-padilla-celebro-su-28-aniversario-51472-ASEU132112 |title=ARC 'Almirante Padilla' celebró su 28° aniversario |language=Spanish |trans-title=ARC 'Almirante Padilla' celebrated its 28th anniversary |work=El Universal |date=2 November 2011 |access-date=12 September 2020 }} The frigates can also be used to resupply outlying military posts on Colombian islands.{{cite web |url=https://thearchipielagopress.co/buque-arc-almirante-padilla-inicia-operaciones-archipielago/ |title=Buque ARC "Almirante Padilla" inicia operaciones en el archipiélago |trans-title=ARC "Almirante Padilla" ship begins operations in the archipelago |language=Spanish |work=The Archipelago Press |date=17 August 2017 |access-date=12 September 2020 }}
Notes
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Citations
{{reflist}}
References
- {{cite book |editor-last=Couhat |editor-first=Jean Labayle |year=1986 |title=Combat Fleets of the World 1986/87 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland |isbn=0-85368-860-5}}
- {{cite book |editor-last=Gardiner |editor-first=Robert |editor-last2=Chumbley |editor-first2=Stephen |editor-last3=Budzbon |editor-first3=Przemysław |name-list-style=amp |year=1995 |title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland |isbn=1-55750-132-7}}
- {{cite book |editor-last=Saunders |editor-first=Stephen |year=2009 |title=Jane's Fighting Ships 2009–2010 |edition=112th |publisher=Jane's Information Group Inc. |location=Alexandria, Virginia |isbn=978-0-7106-2888-6}}