Alpilles
{{Short description|Chain of mountains in southern France}}{{Infobox mountain
|name = Alpilles
|other_name = Chaîne des Alpilles
|photo = Les Alpilles près de Maussance les Alpilles 2.JPG
|photo_caption = Alpilles near the town of Maussane-les-Alpilles
|country = France
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|region = Bouches-du-Rhône
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|highest = Tour des Opies
|highest_location = Eyguières
|elevation_m = 498
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|length_km = 25
|width_km = 8
|area_km2 = 171
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The Alpilles ({{langx|fr|chaîne des Alpilles}} {{IPA|fr|ʃɛːn dez‿alpij|}}, {{lit|Chain of the Little Alps}}) is a small range of low mountains in Provence, southern France, located about {{convert|20|km|mi|abbr=on}} south of Avignon.
Geography
File:Ancienne tour de guet des Opies 13 EECD.jpg
The range is an extension of the much larger Luberon range. Although it is not high – some 498 m (1,634 ft) at its highest point – the Alpilles range stands out impressively, as it rises abruptly from the Rhône valley and from the very flat alluvial plain of Crau. The range is about 25 km long by about 8 to 10 km wide, running in an east–west direction between the Rhône and Durance rivers. The landscape of the Alpilles is one of arid limestone peaks separated by dry valleys.
Communes
The Chaîne des Alpilles is part of the territory of 15 communes:[http://inpn.mnhn.fr/zone/znieff/930012400/tab/communes Zone ZNIEFF] {{in lang|fr}} Aureille, Les Baux-de-Provence, Eygalières, Eyguières, Fontvieille, Mas-Blanc-des-Alpilles, Maussane-les-Alpilles, Mouriès, Paradou, Orgon, Saint-Étienne-du-Grès, Saint-Martin-de-Crau, Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, Sénas, Tarascon.
Flora and fauna
The lower slopes are planted with olive and almond trees. Kermes oaks and pines also grow there. Much of the range is bare rock or stony ground covered with scrub and maquis.
The highest parts of the range are a nature reserve inhabited by a number of rare species, including Bonelli's eagle, the Egyptian vulture and eagle owl. {{citation needed span|Some of these species were introduced in the Alpilles in the 1980s|date=May 2015}}.
History
Some protohistorical settlements have been found in the Alpilles. In the very old village of Les Baux de Provence, a cave was used 8000 years ago.
Conservation
The Parc Naturel Régional des Alpilles was created on January 30, 2007.[http://www.epsilon.insee.fr/jspui/bitstream/1/2876/1/re14.pdf Parc Naturel Régional des Alpilles : un territoire qui conserve un équilibre économique et écologique]{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{in lang|fr}} It covers the territory of 16 communes. The area is also under the protection of the Natura 2000 Environmental Protection Plan of the European Union.[http://inpn.mnhn.fr/site/natura2000/FR9301594 Les Alpilles: Natura 2000 site] {{in lang|fr}}
The Alpilles in arts
Image:Vincent Willem van Gogh 051.jpg
The Alpilles were immortalized in art by Vincent van Gogh, who painted many images of the Alpilles' landscapes during his time in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence on the north side of the mountains. One of the paintings was given by van Gogh to his friend Eugène Boch.http://www.eugeneboch.com More about the Alpilles painting by Vincent van Gogh
Alphonse Daudet's 1885 novel Tartarin sur les Alpes, which is a sequel to the 1872 Tartarin de Tarascon, takes place in the Alpilles.
See also
References
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{{Commons category|Alpilles}}
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{{Coord|43|45|00|N|4|50|00|E|type:adm2nd_region:FR|display=title}}
Category:Mountain ranges of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Category:Landforms of Bouches-du-Rhône
Category:Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests