Alva B. Lasswell

Lasswell was born in McLeansboro, Illinois, but raised in Piggott, Arkansas. He attended Piggott High School and Rector High School, but never graduated. He was homeschooled by his father Charles, a teacher, and showed an aptitude for mathematics. In 1921, Lasswell moved to Oklahoma and found work as an accountant.{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=017fCgAAQBAJ&pg=288 |title=U.S. Navy Codebreakers, Linguists, and Intelligence Officers against Japan, 1910-1941: A Biographical Dictionary |first=Steven E. |last=Maffeo |date=December 16, 2015 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |page=288 |isbn=9781442255647 |access-date=February 8, 2020}}

Lasswell enlisted in the U.S. Marine Corps in 1925. Selected for officer candidate school, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant on June 8, 1929.{{cite book |url=https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/AMH/USN/Naval_Registers/1943.pdf |title=Register of the Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps |page=596 |date=July 1, 1943 |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Naval Personnel |access-date=February 8, 2020}} From 1932 to 1933, he served with the Marine detachment on {{USS|Arizona|BB-39|6}}. Promoted to first lieutenant in 1934, Lasswell joined the 5th Marine Regiment in Quantico, Virginia, later that year. Assigned to teach FBI agents small arms marksmanship, he received a letter of commendation from Director J. Edgar Hoover.

In 1935, Lasswell was sent to Tokyo for three years of full immersion Japanese language and culture training. While there, he was promoted to captain in 1936. In September 1938, Lasswell was sent to Station CAST in the Philippines to relieve Lieutenant Joseph Finnegan and receive cryptology training. This was followed by a military intelligence posting to Shanghai.{{cite news |url=https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/sandiegouniontribune/obituary.aspx?n=elizabeth-lasswell&pid=18050190 |title=Elizabeth Lasswell |date=June 11, 2006 |newspaper=The San Diego Union Tribune |access-date=February 9, 2020}}

Lasswell was reassigned to Station HYPO at Pearl Harbor in 1941. He was promoted to major on April 29, 1942.

After the Battle of the Coral Sea in May 1942, the team of intelligence officers at Station HYPO were hard at work trying to determine what the Japanese Navy would do next. Led by Joseph Rochefort, the team, which included Lasswell and Joseph Finnegan, established that a Japanese force of four aircraft carriers planned to strike Midway Island on June 4, 1942. As a result, Admiral Chester Nimitz was able to prepare an ambush using his three remaining aircraft carriers.{{cite news |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/content/dam/nhhc/research/histories/naval-aviation/Naval%20Aviation%20News/1980/pdf/jun82.pdf |title=The Unsung Chorus |first=Clarke |last=Van Vleet |pages=8–9 |date=June 1982 |magazine=Naval Aviation News |access-date=February 9, 2020}} Lasswell was promoted to lieutenant colonel on August 7, 1942.

On April 14, 1943, a coded Japanese message was intercepted by American radio operators. After 18 hours of effort by the team at Station HYPO, it turned out to be the itinerary for a visit by Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto to the Japanese front lines near Rabaul and the northern Solomon Islands. Lasswell and his supervisor Jasper Holmes delivered the translated message to the Pacific Fleet intelligence officer Edwin Layton, who in turn passed it on to Admiral Nimitz. Yamamoto was killed in an attack by planes from the U.S. Army Air Forces 339th Fighter Squadron on April 18, 1943.{{cite web |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/about-us/leadership/director/directors-corner/h-grams/h-gram-018/h-018-2.html |title=Operation Vengeance—Admiral Yamamoto Shot Down, 18 April 1943 |first=Samuel J. |last=Cox |date=April 2018 |publisher=U.S. Naval History and Heritage Command |access-date=February 9, 2020}} Lasswell was promoted to colonel on November 5, 1943.{{cite book |url=https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/AMH/USN/Naval_Registers/1957.pdf |title=Register of the Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps |page=744 |date=January 1, 1957 |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Naval Personnel |access-date=February 8, 2020}}

After the end of the war, Lasswell was awarded the Legion of Merit for his naval intelligence and Marine Corps Intelligence contributions.{{cite web |url=https://valor.militarytimes.com/hero/44379 |title=Alva B. Lasswell |publisher=Military Times |access-date=February 9, 2020}}

In 1947, Lasswell briefly served as acting commander of the 1st Marine Division. He later commanded the 7th Marine Regiment from October 1, 1947, to May 10, 1948.{{cite web |url=https://www.usmcu.edu/Portals/218/The%201st%20Marine%20Division%20and%20its%20Regiments%20%20PCN%2019000314800.pdf |title=The 1st Marine Division and Its Regiments |first1=Danny J. |last1=Crawford |first2=Robert V. |last2=Aquilina |first3=Ann A. |last3=Ferrante |first4=Shelia P. |last4=Gramblin |pages=23, 54 |date=1999 |publisher=U.S. Marine Corps History and Museums Division |access-date=February 9, 2020}} He retired from active duty in May 1956.

Lasswell was married to Elizabeth Louise "Betty" Pearce (August 10, 1916 – May 18, 2006). They were married on June 3, 1938, in Tokyo,{{cite news |title=Certificate of Marriage |date=June 3, 1938 |issue=1705 |publisher=American Consular Service |location=Tokyo, Japan}} where Betty's father was an expatriate American engineer working on electrification projects. Betty had been the top-seeded female tennis player in Japan while studying at the American School. The couple had three wedding ceremonies in one day: a church service, a Japanese civil ceremony at the Akasaka Ward Office and an American civil ceremony officiated by U.S. Ambassador Joseph Grew. Their honeymoon trip to Formosa doubled as an opportunity to map the location of Japanese military installations. The couple later had two sons and, as of 2006, three grandchildren and four great-grandchildren.

Lasswell Hall at Fort George G. Meade in Maryland, the headquarters of Marine Corps Forces Cyberspace Command, was named in his honor.{{cite web |url=https://www.dvidshub.net/image/5810967/assistant-commandant-marine-corps-visits-marforcyber |title=Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps Visits MARFORCYBER |date=October 2, 2019 |website=Defense Visual Information Distribution Service |access-date=February 9, 2020}} On November 4, 2019, Lasswell was inducted into the Cryptologic Hall of Honor at National Security Agency headquarters.{{cite news |url=https://intelligencecommunitynews.com/nsa-inducts-four-pioneers-into-the-cryptologic-hall-of-honor/ |title=NSA inducts four pioneers into the Cryptologic Hall of Honor |first=Loren |last=Blinde |date=November 8, 2019 |website=Intelligence Community News |access-date=February 9, 2020}}

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Category:1905 births

Category:1988 deaths

Category:People from McLeansboro, Illinois

Category:People from Piggott, Arkansas

Category:American cryptographers

Category:Intelligence analysts

Category:20th-century cryptographers

Category:United States Marine Corps personnel of World War II

Category:United States Marine Corps colonels

Category:People from Vista, California

Category:Deaths from cancer in California

Category:American accountants