Amelanchier laevis
{{Short description|Species of tree}}
{{Speciesbox
|image = Amelanchier_laevis.jpg
|image_caption = Leaf and bark
|genus = Amelanchier
|status = LC
|status_system = IUCN3.1
|status_ref = {{cite journal |author=Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI). |author2=IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group. |name-list-style=amp |title=Amelanchier laevis |journal=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |volume=208 |at=e.T135956199A135956201. |publisher=IUCN |year=2018 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T135956199A135956201.en|s2cid=242098459 |doi-access=free }}
|species = laevis
|authority = Wiegand
|synonyms_ref = [http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/rjp-4797 The Plant List, Amelanchier laevis Wiegand ]
|synonyms = {{collapsible list|bullets = true
|title=Synonymy
|Amelanchier arborea var. cordifolia (Ashe) B.Boivin
|Amelanchier arborea subsp. laevis (Wiegand) S.M.McKay ex P.Landry
|Amelanchier arborea var. laevis (Wiegand) H.E.Ahles
|Amelanchier botryapium G.B.Emers.
|Amelanchier canadensis Torr. & A.Gray 1840, illegitimate homonym not (L.) Medik. 1793
|Amelanchier laevis var. cordifolia Ashe
|Amelanchier laevis f. nitida Wiegand
|Amelanchier laevis var. nitida (Wiegand) Fernald
|Pyrus botryapium Bigelow
}}}}
Amelanchier laevis, the smooth shadbush, smooth serviceberry or Allegheny serviceberry, is a North American species of tree in the rose family Rosaceae, growing up to {{convert|9|m}} tall. It is native to eastern Canada and the eastern United States, from Newfoundland west to Ontario, Minnesota, and Iowa, south as far as Georgia and Alabama.[http://bonap.net/MapGallery/State/Amelanchier%20laevis.png Biota of North America Program 2014 state-level distribution map]
Description
Amelanchier laevis has stems of {{convert|1|-|15|m}} or {{convert|2|-|17|m}} which grow in small clumps. Its petioles are {{convert|12|–|25|mm}} with green blades which are elliptic and almost ovate. The leaves have 12–17 lateral veins and 6-8 teeth per cm. The white blossoms, which can be spectacular in mature specimens, develop from pink buds in spring. The fruit, which are pomes, ripen in autumn. They are edible and can be eaten raw or cooked. The fruit has a sweet flavor. The bark can be made into a herbal medicine for expectant mothers.{{Cite book |last=Moerman |first=Daniel E. |title=Native American ethnobotany |date=1998 |publisher=Timber Press |isbn=978-0-88192-453-4 |location=Portland, Or}} It is a deciduous tree hardy in zones 4 to 8.{{cite web |title=Kentucky Cooperative Extension |url=http://www.uky.edu/hort/?q=Allegheny-Serviceberry |website=Department of Horticulture |accessdate=11 June 2019}} It is cultivated as an ornamental shrub.{{cite web|url=http://sbe.umaine.edu/amelanchier/?page_id=167|title=Amelanchier laevis|publisher=University of Maine|accessdate=February 10, 2008|archive-date=June 26, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100626111023/http://sbe.umaine.edu/amelanchier/?page_id=167|url-status=dead}}[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/567123#page/156/mode/1up Wiegand, Karl McKay 1912. Rhodora 14(163): 154–158] diagnosis in Latin, description and commentary in English[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/567123#page/168/mode/1up Wiegand, Karl McKay 1912. Rhodora 14(163): plate 96, figures 7A-7G] line drawings of leaves, fruits, and flowers of Amelanchier laevis
The cultivar 'R.J. Hilton', with richer spring and autumn leaf color than the species, has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/170725/Amelanchier-laevis-R-J-Hilton/Details | title = Amelanchier laevis 'R.J. Hilton' | website = www.rhs.org | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society | accessdate = 27 February 2020}}{{cite web | url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf| title=Award of Garden Merit Plants November 2018 - Ornamentals| publisher=Royal Horticultural Society | date=2018 | accessdate=2019-03-27}}
Allegheny Serviceberry (41909182552).jpg
Amelanchier laevis 5393665.jpg
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commonscat}}
- {{PFAF|Amelanchier laevis}}
- [http://www.tropicos.org/ImageFullView.aspx?imageid=100107308 Photo taken in Virginia by David Stang, showing flowers of Amelanchier laevis]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q163825}}
Category:Trees of Northern America