American Bank Note Company Building

The American Bank Note Company Building is in the Financial District of Manhattan in New York City, two blocks east of Bowling Green. The building occupies a site bounded by Broad Street to the east, Beaver Street to the north, and Marketfield Street to the south.{{cite New York 1900|page=184}} Nearby structures include the Broad Exchange Building to the north and 26 Broadway to the west.{{Cite web|title=NYCityMap|url=http://maps.nyc.gov/|access-date=March 20, 2020|website=NYC.gov|publisher=New York City Department of Information Technology and Telecommunications|archive-date=May 24, 2015|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150524114059/http://maps.nyc.gov/|url-status=live}} The plot measures {{Convert|44|ft||abbr=}} on Broad Street by {{Convert|66|ft||abbr=}} on Beaver and Marketfield Streets.{{cite magazine|date=August 31, 1907|title=American Bank Note Company's New Building|url=https://rerecord.library.columbia.edu/pdf_files/ldpd_7031148_040_9.pdf|journal=The Real Estate Record: Real Estate Record and Builders' Guide|volume=80|pages=326|via=columbia.edu|number=2059|access-date=July 21, 2020|archive-date=July 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200722041119/https://rerecord.library.columbia.edu/pdf_files/ldpd_7031148_040_9.pdf|url-status=live}} Because of the Financial District's street grid, which is derived from the original Castello Plan for New Amsterdam, the site is trapezoid-shaped.{{harvnb|National Park Service|1999|ps=.|p=2}}

The building is a neoclassical five-story structure with nearly {{Convert|20,000|ft2||abbr=}} of space.{{cite web|last=Alexa|first=Alexandra|date=December 3, 2018|title=In the market for a palace? This massive FiDi landmark is 50% off|url=https://www.6sqft.com/in-the-market-for-a-palace-this-massive-fidi-landmark-is-50-off/|access-date=July 21, 2020|website=6sqft|archive-date=July 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721024400/https://www.6sqft.com/in-the-market-for-a-palace-this-massive-fidi-landmark-is-50-off/|url-status=live}} It contains office space and luxury apartments on the upper floors.{{cite web|last=Carmiel|first=Oshrat|date=December 28, 2009|title=Wall Street Meditation Group Cuts Landmark Building Price 33%|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601103&sid=aEv16urU3344|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026082611/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=aEv16urU3344|archive-date=October 26, 2012|publisher=Bloomberg.com}} It was designed by architects Kirby, Petit & Green,{{cite news|last=Fractenberg|first=Ben|date=July 2, 2010|title=Historical Financial District Landmark on Sale for $25 Million|publisher=DNAinfo.com|url=http://www.dnainfo.com/20100702/financial-district-battery-park-city/historical-financial-district-landmark-on-sale-for-25-million|url-status=live|access-date=July 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100710120501/http://dnainfo.com/20100702/financial-district-battery-park-city/historical-financial-district-landmark-on-sale-for-25-million|archive-date=July 10, 2010}} who based their design on their earlier structure for the Bush Terminal Company at 100 Broad Street.{{harvnb|National Park Service|1999|ps=.|p=8}} Hedden Construction Company was the general contractor and Charles H. Nichols was the consulting engineer.{{harvnb|National Park Service|1999|ps=.|p=7}} The American Bank Note Company Building is one of several "hybrid" bank buildings erected in the early 20th century with both banking quarters and executive offices.

File:American Bank Note Company 002.JPG

The facades are divided into three horizontal layers by broad cornices above the first and fourth floors. The single-story base is made of rusticated stone blocks above a raised basement and water table made of smooth ashlar, and a string course runs above it.{{harvnb|Landmarks Preservation Commission|1997|ps=.|p=3}} The second through fourth stories are faced with smooth ashlar, while the fifth floor serves as an attic and is also faced with smooth ashlar. An elaborate entablature runs above the fourth floor, encircled by a metal railing. Another cornice runs above the attic and contains gargoyle medallions at the corners.{{harvnb|Landmarks Preservation Commission|1997|ps=.|p=4}} The Woodbury Granite Company provided the granite for the facade.

The main entrance is through a set of glass-and-metal doors in the center of the Broad Street elevation; it is accessed by a small staircase leading from the sidewalk, flanked by short pedestals. Above the doorway, a carved eagle is perched on a cartouche atop two crossed branches. There is a tall, narrow casement window on either side of the entrance stair, as well as a shorter narrow window on the water table. The second through fourth floors on this facade contain two fluted, Corinthian columns, which support a metal-lettered frieze with the American Bank Note Company's name. The columns frame a recessed central bay with casement windows on each level.

The side facades on Beaver and Marketfield Streets, to the north and south respectively, each contain five vertical bays. As with the main facade, the first story contains rusticated stone blocks. On the side facades, the three central bays of the first floor each contain large square window openings with aluminum windows. The center bays on the second through fourth floors have aluminum windows in each bay, flanked by large Doric-style pilasters, while the outer bays on each floor consist of flat ashlar masonry with narrow windows and ventilation openings. At the attic, the side facades have openings that are of the same width as the windows on the lower floors.{{harvnb|National Park Service|1999|ps=.|p=3}}

The original interior spaces were elaborately furnished. In general, the Shaw Furniture Company designed the furniture; the Black & Boyd Manufacturing Company made the lighting fixtures, and McNulty Bros. made the plaster ceilings.{{harvnb|Architects' and Builders' Magazine|1909|ps=.|p=25}} The building also included two elevators.

The first floor contained a general office with a large oval mahogany counter, while the walls had wooden wainscoting under an ornate tapestry. There was a bank vault on the west end of the first floor, in the building's rear, while a mezzanine above the first floor had a mahogany handrail and a gilded clock.{{harvnb|Architects' and Builders' Magazine|1909|ps=.|p=21}} On the second floor was the president's office, which contained a plaster ceiling with east-west floor beams, as well as green leather furniture. The third floor had a general workroom, with walls painted in a "pale terra cotta color", as well as red-painted woodwork.{{harvnb|Architects' and Builders' Magazine|1909|ps=.|p=22}} On the fourth floor was a board room with blue-and-gold decorations and indigo leather; a private office with mahogany wainscoting, mahogany furniture, and gold chandeliers; and a private dining room with wood wainscoting and a tapestry.{{harvnb|Architects' and Builders' Magazine|1909|ps=.|pp=22, 24}} There was a kitchen on the fifth floor.

The original decoration was subsequently heavily modified. {{As of|2018}}, the upper three floors each contain a full-story residential apartment with two bedrooms, three bathrooms, two living rooms, a dining room, a breakfast room, a kitchen, and a washer-dryer room. A private elevator serves the three suites.

File:The Commercial and financial chronicle (1908) (14591607208).jpg

The American Bank Note Company, a leading engraving company and the building's namesake, produced banknotes, currency, stamps, and stock certificates.{{harvnb|Landmarks Preservation Commission|1997|ps=.|p=2}}{{harvnb|National Park Service|1999|ps=.|p=6}}{{cite web|title=American Bank Note Company (1879–1893)|url=https://postalmuseum.si.edu/exhibition/about-us-stamps-classic-period-1847-1893/american-bank-note-company-1879-1893|access-date=July 20, 2020|website=National Postal Museum|archive-date=July 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721005932/https://postalmuseum.si.edu/exhibition/about-us-stamps-classic-period-1847-1893/american-bank-note-company-1879-1893|url-status=live}} It had been formed from a merger of seven firms in 1858.{{harvnb|Griffiths|1959|ps=.|p=34}} The company's first headquarters and plant were at 55 Wall Street, where in 1862 it created a factory in the penthouse.{{Cite news|date=April 27, 1862|title=The New Custom-house; Delay in the Preparations for Removal from the present Custom-house|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1862/04/27/archives/the-new-customhouse-delay-in-the-preparations-for-removal-from-the.html|access-date=May 19, 2020|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721024359/https://www.nytimes.com/1862/04/27/archives/the-new-customhouse-delay-in-the-preparations-for-removal-from-the.html|url-status=live}}{{harvnb|Griffiths|1959|ps=.|p=36}} In 1867, the company moved to 142 Broadway, near the intersection with Liberty Street. It moved again to 78–86 Trinity Place in 1882. Subsequently, the company began to grow its operations, establishing other factories in Canada and the U.S., as well as expanding its product offerings.{{harvnb|Griffiths|1959|ps=.|p=55}}

In the 1900s, under company president Warren L. Green, the company began looking for a new headquarters.{{harvnb|Griffiths|1959|ps=.|p=59}} The company purchased the lots at 70–72 Broad Street in May 1906. The new building at that site, erected to plans by Kirby, Petit, and Green, was completed two years later. The company also bought lots in the Bronx, where it constructed the American Bank Note Company Printing Plant.{{Cite news|date=November 21, 1908|title=Plant for 2,500 Men Moves to the Bronx; Work for Double That Number to be Provided When It Is Erected|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1908/11/21/archives/plant-for-2500-men-moves-to-the-bronx-work-for-double-that-number.html|access-date=July 21, 2020|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721024401/https://www.nytimes.com/1908/11/21/archives/plant-for-2500-men-moves-to-the-bronx-work-for-double-that-number.html|url-status=live}} Kirby, Petit, and Green also designed the Bronx plant, which was completed in 1911 and served as the company's printing plant until the 1960s.{{Cite news|last=Siegal|first=Nina|date=April 10, 2000|title=At a Long-Vacant Plant, Dabs of Life|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/10/nyregion/at-a-long-vacant-plant-dabs-of-life.html|access-date=February 27, 2020|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=February 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227170012/https://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/10/nyregion/at-a-long-vacant-plant-dabs-of-life.html|url-status=live}} With these two facilities, the company was able to streamline its New York City operations.{{harvnb|Griffiths|1959|ps=.|p=61}}

The American Bank Note Company housed its administrative offices in the Broad Street building until 1988, when the offices were moved to Blauvelt, New York. The building was then sold to the Bank of Tokyo.{{cite web|author=Kathleen Howe|date=August 1999|title=National Register of Historic Places Registration: American Bank Note Company Building|url=http://www.oprhp.state.ny.us/hpimaging/hp_view.asp?GroupView=5908|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019015521/http://www.oprhp.state.ny.us/hpimaging/hp_view.asp?GroupView=5908|archive-date=October 19, 2012|access-date=February 1, 2011|publisher=New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation}} See also: {{cite web|title=Accompanying 20 photos|url=http://www.oprhp.state.ny.us/hpimaging/hp_view.asp?GroupView=5907|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019015550/http://www.oprhp.state.ny.us/hpimaging/hp_view.asp?GroupView=5907|archive-date=October 19, 2012}} It was then bought by Murray and Irvin Reise for $3.5 million. The Reise brothers planned to turn the building into a "department store restaurant", with four fast-food restaurants at ground level, fast-food seating in the basement, and a larger restaurant occupying the second and third floors, as well as a kitchen on the fourth and fifth floors.{{Cite news|last=Waite|first=Thomas L.|date=May 15, 1988|title=Posting: Urban Food Court; 5-in-1 Downtown|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/05/15/realestate/posting-urban-food-court-5-in-1-downtown.html|access-date=July 21, 2020|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721010230/https://www.nytimes.com/1988/05/15/realestate/posting-urban-food-court-5-in-1-downtown.html|url-status=live}} The building was sold again in 1995 to Tony Goldman for $1.3 million.{{cite news|last=Pacelle|first=Mitchell|date=April 4, 1995|title=Changing Skyline: Developers Are Trying To Construct a Dream In Lower Manhattan|page=1|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/308166313/6561739438EB4A08PQ|url-access=subscription|access-date=July 22, 2020|issn=0099-9660|via=ProQuest}}{{Cite web|date=April 12, 2000|title=Expanding role for commercial specialists.|url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Expanding+role+for+commercial+specialists-a062026945|access-date=February 27, 2020|website=Real Estate Weekly|via=Free Online Library|archive-date=February 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227172149/https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Expanding%2Brole%2Bfor%2Bcommercial%2Bspecialists-a062026945|url-status=live}} Goldman opened a restaurant on the lower floors and moved the offices for his company, Goldman Properties, onto the upper floors.{{Cite news|last=Popper|first=Ellen Kirschner|date=June 30, 1996|title=Developers Are Bullish On Wall Street|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/06/30/realestate/developers-are-bullish-on-wall-street.html|access-date=July 21, 2020|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721102608/https://www.nytimes.com/1996/06/30/realestate/developers-are-bullish-on-wall-street.html|url-status=live}} The building was given New York City landmark status in 1997, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) two years later.{{cite web|date=1999|title=National Register of Historic Places 1999 Weekly Lists|url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalregister/upload/weekly-list-1999-national-register-of-historic-places.pdf|access-date=July 20, 2020|publisher=National Park Service|page=141|archive-date=December 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191228214614/https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalregister/upload/weekly-list-1999-national-register-of-historic-places.pdf|url-status=live}} In 2007, it was designated as a contributing property to the Wall Street Historic District, a NRHP district.{{cite web|date=2007|title=National Register of Historic Places 2007 Weekly Lists|url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalregister/upload/weekly-list-2007-national-register-of-historic-places.pdf|access-date=July 20, 2020|publisher=National Park Service|page=65|archive-date=December 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191228214611/https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalregister/upload/weekly-list-2007-national-register-of-historic-places.pdf|url-status=live}}

The American Bank Note Company Building was purchased for $5.5 million in 2004 by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi's organization, the Global Country of World Peace (GCWP). The organization supposedly bought the structure because it was "one of the very few buildings in all of New York City that's oriented due east", and east-facing buildings were considered "spiritually healthy" under the Maharishi's principles.{{Cite news|last=Aspan|first=Maria|date=July 2, 2007|title=Maharishi's followers set up shop on Wall Street|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/02/business/worldbusiness/02iht-maharishi.1.6441882.html|access-date=February 27, 2020|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=February 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227182747/https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/02/business/worldbusiness/02iht-maharishi.1.6441882.html|url-status=live}} The building underwent $4.9 million in renovations, and the GCWP used the upper floors as apartments and the lower floors as lecture and meditation rooms. The American Bank Note Company Building was then put up for sale yet again in late 2009;{{cite web|date=March 18, 2016|title=American Bank Note Building in FiDi back on market, asking $88M|url=https://therealdeal.com/2016/03/18/american-bank-note-building-in-fidi-back-on-market-asking-88m/|access-date=July 21, 2020|website=The Real Deal New York|archive-date=July 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721024357/https://therealdeal.com/2016/03/18/american-bank-note-building-in-fidi-back-on-market-asking-88m/|url-status=live}} it was originally listed as a mansion for sale at $45 million,{{cite web|date=December 22, 2010|title=Landmark American Bank Note Building goes for $18M|url=https://therealdeal.com/2010/12/22/landmark-american-bank-note-building-at-70-broad-street-goes-for-18m-to-chinese-construction-firm/|url-status=unfit|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180410011345/https://therealdeal.com/2010/12/22/landmark-american-bank-note-building-at-70-broad-street-goes-for-18m-to-chinese-construction-firm/|archive-date=April 10, 2018|access-date=July 21, 2020|website=The Real Deal New York}} though the asking price was then reduced to $25 million.{{cite web|last=Alden|first=William|date=June 1, 2010|title=It's Free to Look: 70 Broad Street|url=https://observer.com/2010/07/its-free-to-look-70-broad-street/|access-date=July 21, 2020|website=Observer|archive-date=July 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721024359/https://observer.com/2010/07/its-free-to-look-70-broad-street/|url-status=live}} Ultimately, it was sold to an unnamed Chinese construction and investment company in 2010 for $18 million.{{Cite news|last=Barbanel|first=Josh|date=December 21, 2010|title=Landmark Sold to Chinese Buyer|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703581204576033870408868138|access-date=February 27, 2020|issn=0099-9660|archive-date=February 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227170012/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703581204576033870408868138|url-status=live}} The structure was then renovated again in 2015 and placed for sale the next year for $88 million in 2016.{{cite web|last=Schram|first=Lauren Elkies|date=March 18, 2016|title=Landmark American Bank Note Building Hits Market for $88M|url=https://commercialobserver.com/2016/03/landmark-american-bank-note-building-hits-market-for-88m/|access-date=July 21, 2020|website=Commercial Observer|archive-date=July 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721131812/https://commercialobserver.com/2016/03/landmark-american-bank-note-building-hits-market-for-88m/|url-status=live}}{{cite web|last=Plitt|first=Amy|date=May 9, 2016|title=After 6 Years Off the Market, FiDi Landmark Seeks Additional $70M|url=https://ny.curbed.com/2016/5/9/11638960/manhattan-landmark-building-for-sale-price-jump|access-date=July 21, 2020|website=Curbed NY|archive-date=July 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721024400/https://ny.curbed.com/2016/5/9/11638960/manhattan-landmark-building-for-sale-price-jump|url-status=live}} The building was listed for sale again in 2018 for $43 million. During the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City, the structure remained empty. Winta Asset Management, the building's owner, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in May 2024, allowing the building to be auctioned off.{{cite web | last=Randles | first=Jonathan | title=Historic NYC Office Building Hurt by Covid Files Bankruptcy | website=Bloomberg.com | date=2024-05-17 | url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-05-17/historic-nyc-office-building-hurt-by-covid-files-bankruptcy?embedded-checkout=true | access-date=2024-05-22}}{{cite web | title=Historic FiDi office building hurt by Covid files for bankruptcy | website=Crain's New York Business | date=May 20, 2024 | url=https://www.crainsnewyork.com/real-estate/historic-fidi-building-70-broad-owner-winta-files-chapter-11 | access-date=March 21, 2025}} In March 2025, Wilmington Trust acquired the building at auction for $20 million.{{cite web | last=Durso | first=Isabelle | title=Lender Wilmington Trust Takes Over Landmarked 70 Broad Street for $20M | website=Commercial Observer | date=March 20, 2025 | url=https://commercialobserver.com/2025/03/wilmington-trust-buys-70-broad-street/ | access-date=March 21, 2025}}{{cite web | last=Cuba | first=Julianne | last2=Hughes | first2=C. J. | last3=Small | first3=Eddie | title=Deals of the Day: March 20 | website=Crain's New York Business | date=March 20, 2025 | url=https://www.crainsnewyork.com/real-estate/nyc-deals-day-march-20-2025 | access-date=March 21, 2025}}

• List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan below 14th Street
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan below 14th Street

{{Reflist}}

• {{cite web|url=https://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/1955.pdf|title=American Bank Note Company Office Building|date=June 24, 1997|publisher=New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission|ref={{harvid|Landmarks Preservation Commission|1997}}}}
• {{cite book|last=Griffiths|first=W.H.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZhEWAQAAMAAJ|title=The story of American Bank Note Company|publisher=American Bank Note Company|year=1959}}
• {{cite web|url=https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_NY/99001436.pdf|title=Historic Structures Report: American Bank Note Company Building|date=November 30, 1999|publisher=National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service|ref={{harvid|National Park Service|1999}}}}
• {{cite magazine|date=1908–1909|title=The American Bank Note Company|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951000969825t&view=1up&seq=39|journal=Architects' and Builders' Magazine.|volume=41|ref={{harvid|Architects' and Builders' Magazine|1909}}}}

• {{Commons category-inline|American Bank Note Company Building}}

{{Financial District, Manhattan}}

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Category:1908 establishments in New York City

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Category:New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan

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Category:1900s architecture in the United States