American Epic: The Best of The Carter Family

{{Infobox album

| name = American Epic: The Best of The Carter Family

| type = compilation

| artist = The Carter Family

| cover = American_Epic_The_Best_of_The_Carter_Family_-_312x312.jpg

| alt =

| released = {{start date|2017|06|16}}

| recorded = 1927–1933

| venue =

| studio =

| genre = {{hlist|Country|folk|Americana}}

| length = {{duration|m=45|s=17}}

| label = {{hlist|Lo-Max|Sony Legacy|Third Man}}

| producer =

| chronology = American Epic

| prev_title = American Epic: The Best of Mississippi John Hurt

| prev_year = 2017

| next_title = American Epic: The Best of Lead Belly

| next_year = 2017

}}

American Epic: The Best of The Carter Family is a compilation of Carter Family songs recorded between 1927 and 1933 and released in 2017 to accompany the award-winning American Epic documentary film series.{{Cite news|url=https://www.legacyrecordings.com/2017/04/28/american-epic-collection-american-epic-soundtrack-may-12th/|title=American Epic: The Collection & The Soundtrack Out May 12th {{!}} Legacy Recordings|date=2017-04-28|work=Legacy Recordings|access-date=2018-06-29|language=en-US}} The album was released as a 15-track download and a vinyl LP.

Background

During the pre-production of the American Epic films, film director Bernard MacMahon and producers and co-writers Duke Erikson and Allison McGourty created a series of compilation album releases exploring the music of some of the performers featured in the documentaries.{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.wired.com/2017/05/american-epic-return-of-the-lathe/|title=The Long-Lost, Rebuilt Recording Equipment That First Captured the Sound of America|magazine=WIRED|access-date=2018-06-29|language=en-US}}{{Cite news|url=http://www.longlivevinyl.net/american-epic-reviving-record-production-past/|title=American Epic - Reviving Record Production's Past|date=2017-06-16|work=Long Live Vinyl|access-date=2018-06-29|language=en-GB}} MacMahon stated that "the Carter Family's story is central to the whole notion of country music, and it has been told in many ways, but we were particularly interested in them because so much of early country music was recorded by male artists, and to us the Carter Family is very much a female group."1. Wald, McGourty, MacMahon 2017, p. 59 MacMahon opened the film with the Carter Family's story showing how they were one of the most important country acts discovered at the legendary Bristol Sessions in 1927.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p05382jk|title=Record sales were plummeting..., Part 1: The Big Bang, American Epic, Arena - BBC Four|website=BBC|date=18 May 2017 |language=en-GB|access-date=2018-06-29}}1. Wald, McGourty, MacMahon 2017, pp. 64-65 The Bristol recording sessions are widely regarded as "the Big Bang of country music."{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703899704576205003814861580|title=Country's Big Bang, Revisited|last=Mazor|first=Barry|date=2011-04-07|work=Wall Street Journal|access-date=2018-06-29|language=en-US|issn=0099-9660}} A significant motivation for releasing the album was the sonic breakthrough that the American Epic film sound department had made in transferring and restoring the old shellac 78rpm discs for the film's soundtrack.{{Cite news|url=https://oldphono.com/blog/6-restoring-a-vintage-1920s-recording-system-for-american-epic|title=Restoring a vintage 1920s recording system for 'American Epic'|access-date=2018-06-29|language=en-gb}}

Compilation

The album collects performances from the Carter Family's recording sessions for Victor Records and Bluebird Records between 1927 and 1933. It includes three of their first commercial recordings for Ralph Peer at the Bristol Sessions, "The Wandering Boy", "The Poor Orphan Child" and "Bury Me Under the Weeping Willow".{{Cite web|url=http://bristolsessions.com|title=The Bristol Sessions – The Single Most Important Event In The History Of Country Music|website=bristolsessions.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-06-29}} It features songs about historical events like "Engine One-Forty-Three" about the train wreck of Chesapeake and Ohio Railway's Fast Flying Virginian near Hinton, West Virginia on 23 October 1890{{Cite news|url=http://wvpublic.org/post/october-23-1890-ffv-passenger-train-wrecks-three-miles-east-hinton#stream/0|title=October 23, 1890: FFV Passenger Train Wrecks Three Miles East of Hinton|last=Encyclopedia|first=West Virginia|access-date=2018-06-29|language=en}} and "John Hardy Was a Desperate Little Man" about the hanging of a railroad worker, John Hardy, on January 19, 1894 after he shot Thomas Drews over a dispute in a craps game in Keystone, West Virginia in 1893.{{Cite web|url=http://www.wvculture.org/history/crime/hardyjohn02.html|title=John Hardy - All Were Murderers|website=www.wvculture.org|access-date=2018-06-29}} The album includes songs that would be covered by many subsequent acts and have become country music standards like "Wildwood Flower" and "Keep on The Sunny Side".{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/programs/static/national-recording-preservation-board/documents/WildwoodFlower.pdf|title="Wildwood Flower"—The Carter Family (1928) Added to the National Registry: 2006|last=O'Dell|first=Cary|date=2006|website=loc.gov}} The compilation also contains religious songs in the band's early repertoire like "When the World's on Fire" along with blues numbers like "Worried Man Blues" as well as Appalachian ballads like "Lonesome Valley", "The Foggy Mountain Top" and "Sweet Fern". All the songs are credited as being written by A.P. Carter who searched for material on frequent song hunting trips throughout the Appalachians where he uncovered and adapted old folk songs,{{Cite web|url=http://www.bluegrassmuseum.org/ap-carter/|title=Alvin Pleasant (AP) Carter|website=Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame & Museum|language=en-US|access-date=2018-06-29}} although Sara Carter stated in a 1978 interview that she and Maybelle Carter were also responsible for finding many of their early songs in their recorded repertoire.Carter, Sara (1978) "An Interview with Sara Carter and Coy Bayes". Interview with Ed Kahn. Southern Folklife Collection at the University of North Carolina.

Restoration

New sound restoration techniques developed for the American Epic film series were utilized to restore the fifteen recordings on the album.{{Cite news|url=http://www.longlivevinyl.net/american-epic-reviving-record-production-past/|title=American Epic - Reviving Record Production's Past|date=2017-06-16|work=Long Live Vinyl|access-date=2018-06-29|language=en-GB}} The 78rpm record transfers were made by sound engineer Nicholas Bergh using reverse engineering techniques garnered from working with the restored first electrical sound recording system from the 1920s in The American Epic Sessions.{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/american-epic-inside-jack-whites-new-roots-music-doc-w482170|title='American Epic': Inside Jack White and Friends' New Roots-Music Doc|magazine=Rolling Stone|access-date=2018-06-29}} This was followed by meticulous sound restoration on these 1920s recordings, by sound engineers Peter Henderson and Joel Tefteller, to reveal greater fidelity, presence, and clarity than had been heard before.{{Cite news|url=https://www.villagevoice.com/2017/07/18/greil-marcus-real-life-rock-top-10-the-epic-tradition/|title=Greil Marcus' Real Life Rock Top 10: The Epic Tradition|access-date=2018-06-29}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/la-et-ms-american-epic-20170513-story.html|title='American Epic' explores how a business crisis ignited a musical revolution|last=Lewis|first=Randy|website=Los Angeles Times|date=14 May 2017 |access-date=2018-06-29}}{{Cite news|url=http://www.frootsmag.com/|title=American Epic |last=Anderson |first=Ian A. |author-link=Ian A. Anderson |date=August 2017|work=fRoots|page=59}} Some of the recordings were repressed from the original metal parts, which the audio team located whilst researching the films.1. Wald, McGourty, MacMahon 2017, pp. 21-22 Henderson explained, "in some cases we were lucky enough to get some metal parts – that's the originals where they were cut to wax and the metal was put into the grooves and the discs were printed from those back in the '20s. Some of those still exist – Sony had some of them in their vaults."

Release

The album was released on June 16, 2017, one month after the US broadcast of American Epic: The Big Bang, the first film in the American Epic series, which included the Carter Family's story.{{Cite news|url=http://www.thirteen.org/13pressroom/press-release/american-epic/episode-descriptions/|title=American Epic: Episode Descriptions |website=Thirteen |access-date=2018-02-26|language=en-US}} The album was issued as a download by Sony Legacy and a vinyl LP by Third Man Records.

Critical reception

The album was described by The Village Voice as featuring "re-mastering I can only call profound. Performances you might think you knew sound as if you've never heard them before — never apprehended them." Ian Anderson reviewing the work in fRoots added, "you haven't really heard these tracks at all. Not like this. Forget bad dubs of worn-out 78s pressed on poor vinyl. The 'reverse engineering' transfers by Nicholas Bergh and subsequent restorations are so startlingly better, practically everything you will ever have experienced from this era can be discounted and CD is the best way to hear them. The clarity of group recordings where every instrument is well defined, and their instruments and voices suddenly sound real, will have you on the edge of your seat. And there's none of that fog of 78 surface noise which many people find too much of a distraction: suddenly, legendary artists are in the room with you."

Track listing

{{Tracklist|extra_column=Original Release|title1=Lonesome Valley|extra1=Victor 23541, 1930|title2=The Poor Orphan Child|extra2=Victor 20877, 1927|title3=Bury Me Under the Weeping Willow|extra3=Victor 21074, 1927|title4=The Wandering Boy|extra4=Victor 20877, 1927|title5=Wildwood Flower|extra5=Victor V-40000, 1928|title6=The Foggy Mountain Top|extra6=Victor V-40058, 1929|title7=The Cannonball|extra7=Victor V-40317, 1930|all_writing=A.P. Carter|length1=2:41|length2=3:27|length3=2:59|length4=3:22|length5=3:11|length6=3:04|length7=3:00|total_length=45:17|headline=|title8=Worried Man Blues|length8=2:46|title9=Engine One-Forty-Three|length9=3:17|title10=Keep On the Sunny Side|length10=2:52|title11=Sweet Fern|length11=3:08|title12= John Hardy Was a Desperate Little Man|length12=2:57|title13=Anchored in Love|length13=2:46|title14=I Will Never Marry|length14=2:39|title15=When the World's on Fire|length15=3:08|title16=|length16=|title17=|length17=|title18=|length18=|title19=|length19=|title20=|length20=|extra8=Victor V-40317, 1930|extra9=Victor V-40089, 1929|extra10=Victor 21434, 1928|extra11=Victor V-40126, 1929|extra12=Victor V-40190, 1928|extra13=Victor V-40036, 1928|extra14=Bluebird 8350, 1933|extra15=Victor V-40293, 1930}}