Amistad gambusia

{{Short description|Extinct species of fish}}

{{Speciesbox

| name = Amistad gambusia

| status = EX

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| status_ref = {{cite iucn |author=NatureServe |date=2013 |title=Gambusia amistadensis |volume=2013 |page=e.T8888A18229604 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T8888A18229604.en |access-date=20 November 2021}}

| extinct = 2013

| taxon = Gambusia amistadensis

| authority = Peden, 1973

}}

The Amistad gambusia (Gambusia amistadensis) is an extinct species of small fish known only from a single locality, the large vegetated Goodenough Spring in Val Verde County, Texas. It apparently was driven to extinction in the wild when its habitat was submerged to a depth of about 70 feet by the construction of the Amistad Reservoir in 1968. The two captive populations, at the University of Texas System and the Dexter National Fish Hatchery in New Mexico, later failed through hybridization with the related mosquitofish and predation. The species has been classified as extinct by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service since 1987, and by the IUCN since 2013.{{cite web|url=https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs531/m1/1/high_res_d/98-32enr_1998Jan05.pdf|title=Endangered Species List Revisions: A Summary of Delisting and Downlisting. Amistad Gambusia |publisher=CRS Report for Congress|first=Robert J.|last=Noecker}}{{Cite journal |last=Burkhead |first=Noel M. |date=September 2012 |title=Extinction Rates in North American Freshwater Fishes, 1900–2010 |url=https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article-lookup/doi/10.1525/bio.2012.62.9.5 |journal=BioScience |language=en |volume=62 |issue=9 |pages=798–808 |doi=10.1525/bio.2012.62.9.5 |bibcode=2012BiSci..62..798B |issn=1525-3244 |access-date=2024-03-17 }}