Amphitheater of Statilius Taurus

{{Short description|Amphitheater in ancient Rome}}

{{infobox ancient site

|map_overlay=Roma Plan.jpg

|image=Amphitaterum Tauri 1663.jpg

|image_size=

|caption=Reconstruction

|coordinates={{coord|41|54|00|N|12|28|11|E|type:landmark_region:IT|display=it}}

|name=Amphitheater of Statilius Taurus

|location=Regione IX Circus Flaminius

|built=29 BC

|builder=Titus Statilius Taurus

|type=Roman amphitheatre

|map dot label=Amphitheatre of Statilius Taurus

|map_label_position=bottom

|map_type=Italy Rome Antiquity

|map_caption=Shown in ancient Rome

|mapframe=yes

|mapframe-caption=Click on the map for a fullscreen view

|mapframe-zoom=13

|mapframe-marker=monument

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The Amphitheatre of Statilius Taurus ({{langx|la|Amphitheatrum Statilii Tauri}}) was a Roman amphitheatre in ancient Rome. The amphitheatre was inaugurated in 29 BC.{{cite book|author=William J. Slater|title=Roman Theater and Society: E. Togo Salmon Papers I|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PpKop1jpJnwC&pg=PA78|year=1996|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=0-472-10721-6|pages=78–}} Earlier arenas were temporary structures that were disassembled after the event. The amphitheatre was built by Titus Statilius Taurus, who paid for it from his own resources. Statilius Taurus was a successful general and politician in the time of emperor Augustus and had gathered much wealth during his career. For the inauguration he also paid for the gladiatorial games.{{cite book|author=Katherine E. Welch|title=The Roman Amphitheatre: From Its Origins to the Colosseum|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zqphhOuZfBYC&pg=PA108|date=10 September 2007|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-80944-3|pages=108–}}

The amphitheatre was built on the Campus Martius in Rome in a period when many new temples and theatres were being built. The exact location is lost, but it was probably built in the southern area of the Campus Martius. Within a 50-year span, this area saw the construction of the Theater of Pompey, the Theater of Marcellus, and the Theater of Balbus, along with the Amphitheatre of Statilius Taurus.

It was not a large amphitheatre. Dissatisfaction over the Amphitheatre of Statilius Taurus led Nero, in 57 AD, to build a new wooden amphitheatre, the Amphitheatrum Neronis. During the Great Fire of Rome in 64 AD, which left Rome in ashes, both amphitheatres were completely destroyed.{{cite book|author=Stephen L. Dyson|title=Rome: A Living Portrait of an Ancient City|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wfN5dd5wbWgC&pg=PA146|date=1 August 2010|publisher=JHU Press|isbn=978-1-4214-0101-0|pages=146–}}

In 72 AD, Vespasian built a new, much larger stone amphitheatre in Rome. This was the Amphitheatrum Flavium, today known as the Colosseum.