Ancylopoda

{{Short description|Extinct suborder of mammals}}

{{For|the clade of reptiles|Ankylopoda}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| fossil_range = {{fossil range|Eocene|Middle Pleistocene}}

| taxon = Ancylopoda

| image = Chalicotherium paris.jpg

| subdivision_ranks = Superfamilies

| subdivision_ref = {{Cite book

| last = Jacobs

| first = Louis L.

| author2 = Scott, Kathleen Marie

| year = 1998

| title = Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America: Terrestrial carnivores, ungulates, and ungulatelike mammals

| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=I-RgojcDyWYC

| publisher = Cambridge University Press

| pages = 561–567, 570–571

| isbn =978-0-521-35519-3}}

| subdivision =

• Chalicotherioidea
• Lophiodontidae

}}

Ancylopoda is a group of browsing, herbivorous, mammals in the Perissodactyla that show long, curved and cleft claws.{{cite journal

| last = Coombs

| first = Margery C.

| author2 = Rothschild, Bruce M.

| title = Phalangeal Fusion in Schizotheriine Chalicotheres (Mammalia, Perissodactyla)

| journal = Journal of Paleontology

| volume = 73

| issue = 4

| pages = 682–690

| publisher = Paleontological Society

| date = Jul 1999

| doi = 10.1017/S0022336000032509

| jstor = 1306767

}} Morphological evidence indicates the Ancylopoda diverged from the tapirs, rhinoceroses and horses (Euperissodactyla) after the Brontotheria; however, earlier authorities such as Osborn sometimes considered the Ancylopoda to be outside Perissodactyla or, as was popular more recently, to be related to Brontotheriidae.{{cn|date=August 2021}}

Macrotherium, which is typically from the middle Miocene of Sansan, in Gers, France, may indicate a distinct genus. Limb-bones resembling those of Macrotherium, but relatively stouter, have been described from the Pliocene beds of Attica and Samos as Ancylotherium. In the Americas, the names Morothorium and Moropus have been applied to similar bones, in the belief that they indicated xenarthrans. Macrotherium magnum must have been an animal of about {{convert|9|ft|abbr=on}} in length.{{cite journal

|title=The large-sized darter Anhinga pannonica (Aves, Anhingidae) from the late Miocene hominid Hammerschmiede locality in Southern Germany

|date=2020-05-06

|publisher=National Library of Medicine

|pmc=7202596

|last1=Mayr

|first1=G.

|last2=Lechner

|first2=T.

|last3=Böhme

|first3=M.

|journal=PLOS ONE

|volume=15

|issue=5

|pages=e0232179

|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0232179

|doi-access=free

|pmid=32374733

}}