Andalusia, Alabama

Andalusia was first settled in 1841 after flooding of the Conecuh River and the surrounding lowlands forced citizens to move to higher ground. The county seat was moved from Montezuma to Andalusia in 1844. Andalusia likely got its name from Spanish explorers or settlers since the land where the town is located was part of Spanish Florida until Pinckney's Treaty in 1795. Andalusia shares its name with the autonomous community of Andalusia in southern Spain.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} The new town was originally called "New Site" but was known as Andalusia by the time a post office was established in 1846.{{Cite encyclopedia

| last = Hoskins Morton

| first = Patricia

| title = Covington County

| encyclopedia = Encyclopedia of Alabama

| date = December 10, 2009 | url = http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1317

| access-date = January 27, 2010}}

Andalusia was incorporated as a town in 1884.{{Cite book

| last = Owen

| first = Thomas McAdory

| author2 = Marie Bankhead Owen

| title = History of Alabama and dictionary of Alabama biography, Volume 1

| publisher = The S. J. Clarke Publishing Company

| year = 1921

| pages = 716

| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ZEkUAAAAYAAJ&q=andalusia+&pg=PA48}}

In 1899, two railroad lines arrived in Andalusia, the Central of Georgia and the L & N Railroad, and the town began to grow.{{Cite web

| title = Community - History of Andalusia

| work = City of Andalusia official site

| access-date = December 10, 2014

| url = http://www.cityofandalusia.com/community/community.html

}}

The Avant House is one of seven sites in Andalusia listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Andalusia is located slightly northwest of the center of Covington County at {{coord|31|18|N|86|29|W|type:city}} (31.309, -86.479).{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}} According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|51.3|sqkm|order=flip}}, of which {{convert|50.9|sqkm|order=flip}} is land and {{convert|0.4|sqkm|order=flip}}, or 0.79%, is water.{{cite web| url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US0101708| archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212164115/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US0101708| url-status=dead| archive-date=February 12, 2020| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Andalusia city, Alabama| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| access-date=June 9, 2014}}

Andalusia is served by the South Alabama Regional Airport, formerly known as the Andalusia-Opp Airport, located approximately {{convert|5|mi|0}} east of the central business district.

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Andalusia has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.{{Cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=9337&cityname=Andalusia,+Alabama,+United+States+of+America&units=|title=Andalusia, Alabama Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)|website=Weatherbase}}

{{Weather box

|location = Andalusia, Alabama, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1912–2018

|single line = Yes

|Jan record high F = 84

|Feb record high F = 87

|Mar record high F = 89

|Apr record high F = 97

|May record high F = 100

|Jun record high F = 105

|Jul record high F = 105

|Aug record high F = 105

|Sep record high F = 101

|Oct record high F = 99

|Nov record high F = 88

|Dec record high F = 84

|year record high F =

|Jan avg record high F = 75.0

|Feb avg record high F = 77.3

|Mar avg record high F = 83.7

|Apr avg record high F = 87.5

|May avg record high F = 92.3

|Jun avg record high F = 96.3

|Jul avg record high F = 97.6

|Aug avg record high F = 97.0

|Sep avg record high F = 94.4

|Oct avg record high F = 89.2

|Nov avg record high F = 82.8

|Dec avg record high F = 77.3

|year avg record high F = 98.7

|Jan high F = 60.5

|Feb high F = 64.6

|Mar high F = 71.5

|Apr high F = 77.7

|May high F = 84.2

|Jun high F = 89.0

|Jul high F = 90.6

|Aug high F = 90.2

|Sep high F = 86.9

|Oct high F = 79.1

|Nov high F = 70.0

|Dec high F = 62.8

|year high F =

|Jan mean F = 47.9

|Feb mean F = 51.5

|Mar mean F = 57.8

|Apr mean F = 63.9

|May mean F = 71.6

|Jun mean F = 78.3

|Jul mean F = 80.4

|Aug mean F = 80.1

|Sep mean F = 76.0

|Oct mean F = 66.0

|Nov mean F = 55.7

|Dec mean F = 50.0

|year mean F =

|Jan low F = 35.2

|Feb low F = 38.3

|Mar low F = 44.0

|Apr low F = 50.1

|May low F = 59.1

|Jun low F = 67.6

|Jul low F = 70.2

|Aug low F = 70.0

|Sep low F = 65.1

|Oct low F = 52.9

|Nov low F = 41.5

|Dec low F = 37.3

|year low F =

|Jan avg record low F = 17.9

|Feb avg record low F = 21.3

|Mar avg record low F = 26.2

|Apr avg record low F = 32.7

|May avg record low F = 43.8

|Jun avg record low F = 55.4

|Jul avg record low F = 62.3

|Aug avg record low F = 62.1

|Sep avg record low F = 49.2

|Oct avg record low F = 34.0

|Nov avg record low F = 27.0

|Dec avg record low F = 19.8

|year avg record low F = 14.6

|Jan record low F = 0

|Feb record low F = 10

|Mar record low F = 16

|Apr record low F = 27

|May record low F = 34

|Jun record low F = 44

|Jul record low F = 50

|Aug record low F = 54

|Sep record low F = 34

|Oct record low F = 28

|Nov record low F = 16

|Dec record low F = 2

|year record low F =

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation inch = 5.19

|Feb precipitation inch = 4.62

|Mar precipitation inch = 4.97

|Apr precipitation inch = 4.86

|May precipitation inch = 4.32

|Jun precipitation inch = 5.65

|Jul precipitation inch = 6.21

|Aug precipitation inch = 6.34

|Sep precipitation inch = 5.14

|Oct precipitation inch = 3.40

|Nov precipitation inch = 4.11

|Dec precipitation inch = 5.45

|year precipitation inch =

|Jan snow inch = 0.0

|Feb snow inch = 0.0

|Mar snow inch = 0.3

|Apr snow inch = 0.0

|May snow inch = 0.0

|Jun snow inch = 0.0

|Jul snow inch = 0.0

|Aug snow inch = 0.0

|Sep snow inch = 0.0

|Oct snow inch = 0.0

|Nov snow inch = 0.0

|Dec snow inch = 0.0

|year snow inch =

|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in

|Jan precipitation days = 7.8

|Feb precipitation days = 6.7

|Mar precipitation days = 7.0

|Apr precipitation days = 6.2

|May precipitation days = 6.4

|Jun precipitation days = 9.2

|Jul precipitation days = 10.9

|Aug precipitation days = 9.4

|Sep precipitation days = 6.8

|Oct precipitation days = 4.2

|Nov precipitation days = 5.6

|Dec precipitation days = 6.7

|year precipitation days =

|source 1 = NOAA (mean maxima/minima 1981–2010){{cite web

| url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=mob

| title = NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data

| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

| access-date = June 9, 2021}}{{cite web

| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USC00010252&format=pdf

| title = Station: Andalusia 3 W, AL

| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

| work = U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991-2020)

| access-date = June 9, 2021}}

{{cite web

| url = http://xmacis.rcc-acis.org/

| publisher = Applied Climate Information System

| title = Monthly Highest Max Temperature and Monthly Lowest Min Temperature for Andalusia 3 W, Al

| access-date = June 9, 2021}}

}}

{{US Census population

|align=left

|1880= 596

|1890= 270

|1900= 551

|1910= 2480

|1920= 4023

|1930= 5154

|1940= 6886

|1950= 9162

|1960= 10263

|1970= 10092

|1980= 10415

|1990= 9269

|2000= 8794

|2010= 9015

|2020= 8805

|align-fn=center

|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census

}}

Andalusia first appeared on the 1880 U.S. Census as an unincorporated village.[http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1880a_v1-09.pdf 1880 AL Census] It formally incorporated in 1884. See Andalusia Precinct/Division below.

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 8,805 people, 3,490 households, and 2,147 families residing in the city.

At the 2010 census there were 9,015 people in 3,694 households, including 2,359 families, in the city. The racial makeup of the city was 70.5% White, 25.9% Black or African American, 0.4% Native American, 1.0% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 0.4% from other races, and 1.7% from two or more races. 1.9% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=July 20, 2015 |title=U.S. Census website }}

Of the 3,694 households 26.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.9% were married couples living together, 18.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.1% were non-families. 31.3% of households were one person and 14.9% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.93.

The age distribution was 23.4% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 23.6% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 18.7% 65 or older. The median age was 39.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.2 males.

The median household income was $28,049 and the median family income was $37,059. Males had a median income of $27,228 versus $25,855 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,544. About 20.2% of families and 22.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 35.4% of those under age 18 and 14.5% of those age 65 or over.

As of the census{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }} of 2000, there were 8,794 people in 3,707 households, including 2,376 families, in the city.{{Cite web

| title = Fact Sheet- Andalusia city, Alabama

| work = American Fast Facts

| publisher = United States Census Bureau

| url = http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=Search&geo_id=&_geoContext=&_street=&_county=andalusia&_cityTown=andalusia&_state=04000US01&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&pctxt=fph&pgsl=010&show_2003_tab=&redirect=Y

| access-date = January 27, 2010

| archive-url = https://archive.today/20200212050027/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=Search&geo_id=&_geoContext=&_street=&_county=andalusia&_cityTown=andalusia&_state=04000US01&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&pctxt=fph&pgsl=010&show_2003_tab=&redirect=Y

| archive-date = February 12, 2020

| url-status = dead

}} The population density was {{convert|465.9|PD/sqmi}}. There were 4,279 housing units at an average density of {{convert|226.7|/sqmi}}.{{Cite web

| title = Geographic Comparison Table- Alabama

| work = American Fast Facts

| publisher = United States Census Bureau

| url = http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=04000US01&-_box_head_nbr=GCT-PH1&-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&-format=ST-7

| archive-url = https://archive.today/20200212042737/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=04000US01&-_box_head_nbr=GCT-PH1&-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&-format=ST-7

| archive-date = February 12, 2020

| url-status = dead

}} The racial makeup of the city was 73.93% White, 24.47% Black or African American, 0.36% Native American, 0.27% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.18% from other races, and 0.76% from two or more races. 0.78% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 3,707 households 27.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.5% were married couples living together, 14.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.9% were non-families. 33.3% of households were one person and 17.1% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.91.

The age distribution was 23.2% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 20.8% 65 or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.5 males.

The median household income was $26,856 and the median family income was $37,091. Males had a median income of $29,406 versus $20,410 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,292. About 15.7% of families and 20.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.6% of those under age 18 and 18.9% of those age 65 or over.

{{US Census population|align=right

|1880= 729

|1890= 1371

|1900= 2051

|1910= 4388

|1920= 6057

|1930= 7680

|1940= 9647

|1950= 10882

|1960= 10263

|1970= 10092

|1980= 18168

|1990= 18275

|2000= 18646

|2010= 18495

|align-fn=center

|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 6, 2013}}

}}

Andalusia Beat (Precinct) (Covington County 1st Beat) first appeared on the 1880 U.S. Census. In 1890, "beat" was changed to "precinct." In 1960, the precinct was changed to "census division" as part of a general reorganization of counties.[http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/37721510v1p2ch2.pdf 1960 AL Census] In 1980, three additional census divisions were consolidated into Andalusia, including Andalusia East, Andalusia West and Red Level.[http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1980a_alABC-01.pdf 1980 AL Census]

{{US Census population|align=left

|1960= 2859

|1970= 2608

|align-fn=center

|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census

}}

Andalusia East Census Division was created in 1960 and contained the towns of Babbie, Heath, Libertyville and Sanford. In 1980, it was consolidated into Andalusia Census Division.

{{US Census population|align=left

|1960= 2014

|1970= 1576

|align-fn=center

|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census

}}

Andalusia West Census Division was created in 1960. It did not contain any incorporated communities, and included the rural area west of the city of Andalusia to the Conecuh County line. In 1980, it was consolidated into Andalusia Census Division.

{{Clear}}

• Cable TV Station
• [https://www.facebook.com/WKNITV/ WKNI 25] community interests
• Radio stations
• WAAO-FM 93.7 FM (Country)
• WSTF 91.5 FM (Religious)
• WFXX FOX 107.7 FM (Adult Contemporary)
• Newspaper
• Andalusia Star-News (daily)

Primary and secondary public education is provided by Andalusia City Schools, which consists of Andalusia Elementary School (Pre-K through 6th Grade), Andalusia Jr. High School (7th and 8th Grade), and Andalusia High School (9th through 12th Grade). Students can continue their studies at Lurleen B. Wallace Community College.

Intercity bus service is provided by Greyhound Lines.{{Cite web|url=https://www.greyhound.com/en-us/bus-station-420068|title=Vinny's in Andalusia, Alabama | Greyhound|website=www.greyhound.com}} Local dial-a-ride transit service is provided by Covington Area Transit Service.{{cite web|url=https://covcounty.com/covington-area-transit-system-cats|title=CATS|access-date=November 10, 2024}}

• The Bank of Andalusia
• Avant House
• Central of Georgia Depot, now converted into the Three Notch Museum
• Covington County Courthouse and Jail
• First National Bank Building

On July 4, 1975, a plaque monument was placed in front of the Covington County Courthouse by the Altrusa Club, as part of the commemoration of the United States Bicentennial. The plaque read "In memory of PHILIP NOLAN, Lieutenant in the Army of the United States. He loved his country as no other man has loved her; but no man deserved less at her hands."{{cite web |url=http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/WMGDW6_Philip_Nolan_Memorial_Andalusia_AL |title=Philip Nolan Memorial – Andalusia, AL |publisher=Waymarking.com |date=February 19, 2013}} Nolan is the protagonist of American writer Edward Everett Hale's fictional short story "The Man Without a Country", first published in The Atlantic in December 1863, during the Civil War.

• Harold Albritton, U.S. district court judge
• Dempsey J. Barron, President of the Florida Senate from 1975 to 1976
• Charles Brooks, editorial cartoonist
• James U. Cross, retired U.S. Air Force brigadier general and chief Air Force One pilot under president Lyndon B. Johnson
• Cecil O. De Loach, Jr., California grape-grower and winemaker
• Quinton Dial, defensive tackle for the Alabama Crimson Tide
• Irwin Gunsalus, biochemist; assistant secretary general at the United Nations
• Seth Hammett, Speaker of the Alabama House of Representatives
• Robert Horry, basketball player, one of only two players to have won the National Basketball Association championship with three different teams
• Nico Johnson, one of two members of the University of Alabama's football team to start in their National Championship victories in 2009, 2011 and 2012
• Alexa Jones, Miss Alabama 2005 and Miss America 2006 (second runner-up){{cite web | title = Alexa Jones: Miss Alabama | publisher = Country Music Television | url = http://www.cmt.com/asm/events/miss_america/2006/comcast/contestant.jhtml?data=/shows/events/miss_america/2006/xml/contestants/alabama.jhtml| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140714235146/http://www.cmt.com/asm/events/miss_america/2006/comcast/contestant.jhtml?data=/shows/events/miss_america/2006/xml/contestants/alabama.jhtml| url-status = dead| archive-date = July 14, 2014}}
• T. D. Little, member of Alabama Senate and House of Representatives
• Lamar Morris, country music singer
• Mackey Sasser, former MLB catcher
• Frank J. Tipler, mathematical physicist and cosmologist; author of books and papers about a mechanism for the resurrection of the dead

File:Andalusia Public Library Oct 2014.jpg|Andalusia Public Library, 2014

File:115 Sixth Avenue Andalusia Oct 2014.jpg|115 Sixth Avenue, Andalusia

File:208 S. Cotton Street Andalusia Oct 2014.jpg|208 S. Cotton Street, Andalusia

File:Clark Theatre Andalusia Oct 2014.jpg|Clark Theatre, Andalusia

File:8-14 Court Square Andalusia Oct 2014.jpg|8-14 Court Square, Andalusia

File:201 South Three Notch Street Andalusia Oct 2014.jpg|201 South Three Notch Street, Andalusia

File:First United Methodist Andalusia Oct 2014 1.jpg|First United Methodist, Andalusia

File:121 Central Street Andalusia Oct 2014.jpg|121 Central Street, Andalusia

File:Andalusia High School.jpg|Andalusia High School

File:Church Street School Andalusia Oct 2014 1.jpg|Andalusia Ballet School (formerly Church Street School), Andalusia

File:Andalusia Junior High School.jpg|Andalusia Junior High School

File:Andalusia City Hall Oct 2014 3.jpg|Andalusia City Hall

File:Old L&N Depot Andalusia Oct 2014 3.jpg|Old L&N Depot, Andalusia

File:Bank of Andalusia Oct 2014 2.jpg|Bank of Andalusia

File:Covington County Alabama Courthouse Oct 2014 3.jpg|Covington County Alabama Courthouse

File:Covington County Alabama Jail Oct 2014 1.jpg|Covington County Alabama Jail

File:Covington County Alabama Courthouse Oct 2014 2.jpg|Covington County Alabama Courthouse

File:Three Notch Museum Oct 2014 3.jpg|Three Notch Museum

{{reflist}}

{{Commons category-inline}}

• [http://www.cityofandalusia.com/ City of Andalusia official website]
• [http://www.andalusiachamber.com/ Andalusia Area Chamber of Commerce]

{{Covington County, Alabama}}

{{Alabama county seats}}

{{authority control}}

Category:Cities in Alabama

Category:Cities in Covington County, Alabama

Category:County seats in Alabama

Category:Populated places established in 1841

Category:1841 establishments in Alabama