Anders Tegnell

Tegnell was born in Uppsala and grew up in Linköping, where he attended Katedralskolan. He studied medicine at Lund University in 1985, subsequently interning at the county hospital in Östersund, and later specialised in infectious disease at Linköping University Hospital.{{cite web |title=Curriculum Vitae – Anders Tegnell |url=https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/media/en/aboutus/governance/af/Documents/Curriculum%20vitae%20-%20Anders%20Tegnell.pdf |publisher=European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control |access-date=4 April 2020 |archive-date=13 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413011607/https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/media/en/aboutus/governance/af/Documents/Curriculum%20vitae%20-%20Anders%20Tegnell.pdf |url-status=dead }} In that capacity, in 1990 he treated the first patient in Sweden with a viral hemorrhagic fever, believed to be a case to be either the Ebola or the Marburg virus disease.{{cite web |title= Mötte första patienten med blödarfeber |date=18 April 2016 |url=https://vt.se/nyheter/motte-forsta-patienten-med-blodarfeber-om4099745.aspx |publisher=Västerviks-Tidningen |access-date=26 April 2020}}

From 1990-93 he worked for the WHO in Laos to create vaccination programs.{{cite news |last1= Delin |first1= Mikael |title= Statsepidemiolog Anders Tegnell: Sverige har väldigt svårt att acceptera risker |url=https://www.dn.se/nyheter/sverige/statsepidemiolog-anders-tegnell-sverige-har-valdigt-svart-att-acceptera-risker/ |access-date=24 March 2020 |work=Dagens Nyheter |date= 11 March 2020}} In an interview with Expressen, he describes his on-site work for the WHO with a Swedish expert team during the 1995 Ebola outbreak in Kikwit, Zaire as a formative experience.{{cite news |last1= Börjesson |first1=Robert |title= Okända tragedin som formade Anders Tegnell |url= https://www.expressen.se/nyheter/qs/okanda-tragedin-som-formade-anders-tegnell/ |access-date= 2 April 2020 |work=Expressen |date= 2 April 2020}} From 2002-03 he worked as a national expert for the European Commission to prepare, at the EU level, for public health threats such as anthrax, smallpox and other infectious diseases.

Tegnell obtained a research-based senior medical doctorate from Linköping University in 2003 and a MSc in Epidemiology from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine in 2004.{{cite book |last= Anderson |first= Björn |title=Kungl Krigsvetenskapsakademien. Svenska Krigsmanna Sällskapet (till 1805), Kungl Krigsvetenskapsakademien. 20 år med akademien och dess ledamöter 1996–2016 |year=2016 |publisher=Kungliga Krigsvetenskapsakademien |location=Stockholm |isbn=978-91-980878-8-8 |page=61}}.{{cite book |last= Tegnell |first=Anders |title=The epidemiology and consequences of wound infections caused by coagulase negative staphylococci after thoracic surgery |year=2002 |publisher=Linköping University |location=Linköping |isbn= 91-7373-186-2}}. Tegnell then worked at the Swedish Institute for Communicable Disease Control (Smittskyddsinstitutet) 2004–5 and the National Board of Health and Welfare from 2005.

From 2010–12 he served as head of the Department for Knowledge-Based Policy.{{cite book |title= Sveriges statskalender 2010 |year=2010 |publisher= Fritzes |location=Stockholm |pages=254 }}. He was department head at the Institute for Communicable Disease Control 2012–13.

He was state epidemiologist of Sweden, a title granted by the Public Health Agency of Sweden, from 2013 until 2022.

As head of the Infectious Disease Control department at the agency, he had a key role in the Swedish large-scale vaccination program in preparation for the H1N1 swine flu pandemic, which was declared by the WHO in June 2009.{{cite news|date=11 June 2009|title=WHO declares swine flu pandemic: Sweden | work =The Local| place = SE |agency= Agence France Press|url=https://www.thelocal.se/20090611/20020}} Tegnell was embroiled in controversy due to his role in the mass vaccination scheme of 5 million Swedes against swine flu, which caused about 500 children to develop narcolepsy.{{Cite web|url= https://engnews24h.com/tegnell-defends-vaccination-that-gave-500-young-swedes-narcolepsy/|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200406182334/https://engnews24h.com/tegnell-defends-vaccination-that-gave-500-young-swedes-narcolepsy/|archive-date=6 April 2020 |title= Tegnell defends vaccination that gave 500 young Swedes narcolepsy}}{{Cite web|url= https://www.sydsvenskan.se/2019-03-24/vaccinet-som-forstorde-livet-for-hundratals |title=Hundratals unga fick narkolepsi av vaccin|website=Sydsvenskan|date=24 March 2019 }}{{Cite web | place = SE |url= https://www.thelocal.se/20110209/31912|title = Swine flu shots linked to narcolepsy in Sweden|date = 9 February 2011 | work =The Local}} Tegnell was reported as saying of Pandemrix, the vaccine that had been known to cause neurological issues in the UK and was not approved by the US FDA, that it would have been highly unethical not to vaccinate people because hundreds of Swedes risked dying.{{Cite journal|url= https://www.bmj.com/content/362/bmj.k3948 |title=Pandemrix vaccine: why was the public not told of early warning signs?|first=Peter|last=Doshi|date= 20 September 2018 | journal= BMJ |volume=362|page =k3948 |doi= 10.1136/bmj.k3948 |pmid= 30237282 |s2cid=52308748}}{{Cite news|url= https://www.reuters.com/article/glaxo-narcolepsy-fda-idUSL1N0BZE9U20130307 |title=Narcolepsy link to Glaxo vaccine poses challenge for FDA|first=Toni|last=Clarke|newspaper=Reuters|date= 7 March 2013}}

{{Main|COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden|Swedish government response to the COVID-19 pandemic}}

On 2 April 2020, while the COVID-19 pandemic was widespread in most Western countries, of which many had imposed quarantine measures, Canadian newspaper The Globe and Mail reported there were "no lockdowns, no school closures and no ban on going to the pub" in Sweden. However, some restrictions had been imposed, for example high schools and universities were recommended to physically close and transfer to distance education on 17 March,{{cite news |last1=Dahlqvist |first1=Maria |title=Gymnasieskolor och universitet rekommenderas stänga |url=https://www.svt.se/nyheter/lokalt/varmland/gymnasiskolor-och-universitet-rekommenderas-stanga |access-date=7 April 2020 |work=SVT Nyheter |date=17 March 2020 |language=sv}} and on 24 March cafés, restaurants and bars were ordered to allow table service only.{{cite news |title=Table service only: Sweden's new restrictions for bars and restaurants |url=https://www.thelocal.se/20200324/sweden-to-allow-only-table-service-at-bars-and-restaurants |access-date=7 April 2020 |work=The Local|date=24 March 2020}} Moreover, gatherings of more than 50 people had been banned in Sweden as of 27 March.{{cite news |title=Sweden bans public gatherings of more than 50 people: PM |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-sweden-gatherings/sweden-bans-public-gatherings-of-more-than-50-people-pm-idUSKBN21E1XY |access-date=12 April 2020 |work=Reuters |date=27 March 2020 |language=en}}{{cite news |last1=Brolin |first1=Mark |title=Sweden is risking a lot as its coronavirus experiment comes under strain |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2020/04/03/sweden-risking-lot-coronavirus-experiment-comes-strain/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2020/04/03/sweden-risking-lot-coronavirus-experiment-comes-strain/ |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |newspaper=The Telegraph |date=3 April 2020}}{{cbignore}}

Sweden's pandemic strategy has been described{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}} as trusting the public to act responsibly: instead of wide-ranging bans and restrictions, authorities advised people to remote work if possible, maintain good hand hygiene, and practice social distancing, while those over 70 were urged to self-isolate as a precaution.{{cite news |last1=Modig |first1=Karolina |last2=Smith |first2=Saphora |title=Sweden defies lockdown trend, bets on residents acting responsibly |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/sweden-defies-lockdown-trend-bets-citizens-acting-responsibly-n1172781 |access-date=7 April 2020 |work=NBC News |date=1 April 2020}}

Some Swedish scientists, medical practitioners and physicians were highly critical of Tegnell and the public health authority. Lena Einhorn contacted Tegnell in January 2020 to express her concern over the contagiousness of the virus, and said she was "exasperated" by the lack of measures in Sweden.{{Cite web|last1=Vogel|first1=Gretchen|date=2020-10-06|title='It's been so, so surreal.' Critics of Sweden's lax pandemic policies face fierce backlash|url=https://www.science.org/content/article/it-s-been-so-so-surreal-critics-sweden-s-lax-pandemic-policies-face-fierce-backlash|access-date=2020-12-23|website=Science {{!}} AAAS|language=en}} A group of 22 Swedish scientists published an op-ed in April that called for tougher restrictions.{{Cite web|date=2020-04-14|title=DN Debatt. "Folkhälsomyndigheten har misslyckats - nu måste politikerna gripa in"|url=https://www.dn.se/debatt/folkhalsomyndigheten-har-misslyckats-nu-maste-politikerna-gripa-in/|access-date=2020-12-23|website=Dagens Nyheter|language=sv}} At the time, these criticisms received substantial backlash in Swedish media. In April 2020, the group suggested that 105 Swedes were dying per day from COVID-19. Tegnell disputed the numbers.{{cite web|title=Sjukdomsfall per dag (number of cases per day)|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/09f821667ce64bf7be6f9f87457ed9aa|access-date=26 January 2021|website=Folkhälsomyndigheten - antal fall av Covid-19 i Sverige|publisher=Public Health Agency of Sweden|location=Stockholm}} Several months later, revised government data allegedly showed that the critics' calculations were correct.{{Cite magazine|title=The Swedish COVID-19 Response Is a Disaster. It Shouldn't Be A Model for the Rest of the World|url=https://time.com/5899432/sweden-coronovirus-disaster/|access-date=2021-10-26|magazine=Time|language=en}}

'"It has been so, so surreal," [said] Nele Brusselaers, a member of the Vetenskapsforum and a clinical epidemiologist at the prestigious Karolinska Institute (KI). It is strange, she [said], to face backlash "even though we are saying just what researchers internationally are saying. It's like it's a different universe."'

File:Anders Tegnell in 2020 (13 av 15).jpg in April 2020.]]

Another flashpoint of criticism was Tegnell's position that there was no need to restrict travel over the school spring break, when thousands of Swedes traditionally travel to European ski resorts and other destinations. In an interview in February 2020, Tegnell said:{{Cite web|last=Bengtsson|first=Tomas|date=2020-02-08|title=Viruset stoppar inte sportlovsresandet – Kuriren|url=https://kuriren.nu/nyheter/viruset-stoppar-inte-sportlovsresandet-nm5297550.aspx|access-date=2021-05-06|website=kuriren.nu|language=sv|archive-date=6 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506080326/https://kuriren.nu/nyheter/viruset-stoppar-inte-sportlovsresandet-nm5297550.aspx|url-status=dead}}

{{Cquote

| quote = When it comes to this type of travel, there is absolutely no need for concern about the coronavirus. In the Alps and southern Europe, for example, there is no spread at all.

}}

Despite scepticism and criticism from a number of doctors and medical experts, as well as international news media, Sweden defended its strategy, with Prime Minister Stefan Löfven referring to "common sense" and Tegnell saying that the strategy is rooted in a "long tradition" of respecting "free will", as well as the high level of trust and respect Swedes have for public authorities. According to a survey conducted by Sifo, the population's confidence in the Public Health Agency increased from 65% to 74% between 9–12 March and 21–25 March.{{cite web |last1=Wennö |first1=Jonathan |title=Allmänhetens tillit, tankar och beteende under coronakrisen |url=https://www.kantarsifo.se/sites/default/files/reports/documents/kantar_sifo_allmanheten_i_coronakrisen_27_mars_2020.pdf |publisher=Kantar Sifo |access-date=7 April 2020 |language=sv}} A March 2020 survey showed 53% of the Swedish population had trust in Tegnell, a higher number than for any of the leaders of the Swedish political parties, while 18% said they didn't trust him.{{cite web |title=Mer än hälften av svenskarna har förtroende för Anders Tegnell – Nyheterna |url=https://www.tv4.se/nyheterna/klipp/mer-än-hälften-av-svenskarna-har-förtroende-för-anders-tegnell-12533941 |website=www.tv4.se |access-date=18 April 2020 |language=sv}} In an April survey, the share who said they trusted Tegnell had increased to 69%, while the number who said they didn't trust him had fallen to 11%.{{cite news |title=DN/Ipsos: Stort förtroende för Anders Tegnell |url=https://www.dn.se/nyheter/sverige/dnipsos-stort-fortroende-for-anders-tegnell/ |newspaper=Dagens Nyheter |language=sv |date=2 May 2020}}

{{cite news |last1=Baker |first1=Sinéad |title=7 people in Sweden told us why they think their government made the right call in having no coronavirus lockdown |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/sweden-why-people-are-happy-with-no-lockdown-coronavirus-plan-2020-5?r=US&IR=T |work=Business Insider}}

The strategy was commonly attributed to Tegnell, who was quoted as saying:{{cite news |last1=Waldie |first1=Paul |title=Why is Sweden staying open amid the coronavirus pandemic? |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-why-is-sweden-staying-open-amid-the-coronavirus-pandemic/ |publisher=The Globe and Mail Inc |date=2 April 2020}}

{{cquote|We have so far not had very much of a spread [of the virus] into old age homes and almost no spread into the hospitals, which is very important... We know that [with] these kinds of voluntary measures that we put in place in Sweden, we can basically go on with them for months and years if necessary. [The economy] has the potential to start moving as usual very, very quickly once these things are over.....|In Sweden we are following the tradition that we have in Sweden and working very much with voluntary measures, very much with informing the public about the right things to do. That has worked reasonably well so far.}}

On 2 April 2020, Dagens Eko reported that significant spread of COVID-19 had occurred in retirement homes in at least 90 municipalities.{{cite news|url=https://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=83&artikel=7443688|title=Virus på äldreboenden i stora delar av landet|date=2 April 2020}} Previously, the government and the public health authorities had strongly advised against external visits to retirement homes, with several municipalities outright banning them. A nationwide ban on external visits to retirement homes came into force on 1 April.{{cite news |last1=Malmén |first1=Joel |title=Besöksförbud införs på Sveriges äldreboenden |url=https://www.svt.se/nyheter/inrikes/besoksforbud-infors-pa-sveriges-aldreboenden |access-date=7 April 2020 |work=SVT Nyheter |date=31 March 2020}}

On 21 April 2020, Tegnell was interviewed by Marta Paterlini of Nature.{{cite journal |doi=10.1038/d41586-020-01098-x|title='Closing borders is ridiculous': The epidemiologist behind Sweden's controversial coronavirus strategy|year=2020|last1=Paterlini|first1=Marta|journal=Nature|volume=580|issue=7805|page=574|pmid=32317784|bibcode=2020Natur.580..574P|s2cid=216073655 |doi-access=}} During the interview he said that:

{{cquote|Closing borders, in my opinion, is ridiculous, because COVID-19 is in every European country now....closing schools is meaningless at this stage. Moreover, it is instrumental for psychiatric and physical health that the younger generation stays active.}}

On 28 April 2020, Tegnell was interviewed by USA Today. During the interview he "denied that herd immunity formed the central thrust of Sweden's containment plan"{{clarify|date=November 2023}}. Tegnell says rather that:{{cite news |last1=Hjelmgaard |first1=Kim |title=Swedish official Anders Tegnell says 'herd immunity' in Sweden might be a few weeks away |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2020/04/28/coronavirus-covid-19-sweden-anders-tegnell-herd-immunity/3031536001/ |agency=USA Today |publisher=Gannett Satellite Information Network |date=28 April 2020}}

{{cquote|We are trying to keep transmission rates at a level that the Stockholm health system can sustain... We are not calculating herd immunity in this. With various measures, we are just trying to keep the transmission rate as low as possible... Any country that believes it can keep it out (Ed. note: by closing borders, shuttering businesses, etc.) will most likely be proven wrong at some stage. We need to learn to live with this disease... At a glance it looks to me that Sweden's economy is doing a lot better than others'. Our strategy has been successful because health care is still working. That's the measure we look at... What the crisis has shown is that we need to do some serious thinking about nursing homes because they have been so open to transmission{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jun/03/architect-of-sweden-coronavirus-strategy-admits-too-many-died-anders-tegnell|title=We should have done more, admits architect of Sweden's Covid-19 strategy|first=Jon|last=Henley|newspaper=The Guardian |date=3 June 2020|via=www.theguardian.com}} (Ed. note: more than a third of Sweden's COVID-19 fatalities have been reported in nursing homes) of the disease and we had such a hard time controlling it in that setting.}}

Tegnell's statements that the Public Health Agency was not pursuing a strategy of herd immunity have been challenged, however, after media uncovered email communication where he appears to confirm that herd immunity was indeed the chosen strategy.{{Cite web|title=FHM:s tidiga strategi var flockimmunitet|url=https://www.aftonbladet.se/a/PRRAL0|access-date=2021-05-06|website=Aftonbladet|date=5 November 2020 |language=sv}}

Tegnell was skeptical of recommending face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic, sending several emails to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control criticizing the publication of advice recommending masks for general use in April. In January 2020, he said in an interview with Dagens Nyheter:{{Cite news|date=2020-01-28|title=Därför skyddar inte munskydd mot virus|url=https://www.dn.se/nyheter/sverige/darfor-skyddar-inte-munskydd-mot-virus/|access-date=2021-05-06|newspaper=Dagens Nyheter|language=sv}}

{{Cquote

| quote = There is no evidence that use of face masks by the public would help reduce the spread of the virus.

}}

Sweden began recommending face masks on public transport in December 2020, as Stockholm's healthcare system became seriously overwhelmed.{{Cite web|last=Kennedy|first=Rachael|date=2020-12-18|title=Sweden switches strategy and calls for face masks on public transport|url=https://www.euronews.com/2020/12/18/sweden-tells-citizens-to-wear-masks-on-public-transport-as-it-struggles-with-covid-19-resu|access-date=2020-12-23|website=euronews|language=en}}

A surge in COVID-cases and deaths occurred during the winter of 2020 in Sweden. King Carl XVI Gustaf and Prime Minister Löfven admitted they felt that Sweden's response was a failure due to the high number of deaths. Löfven said that many experts in Sweden had failed to predict or prepare for the severity of the winter surge.{{Cite news|date=2020-12-17|title=Coronavirus: Swedish King Carl XVI Gustaf says coronavirus approach 'has failed'|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-55347021|access-date=2020-12-23}}{{Cite news |last=Henley |first=Jon |date=2020-12-17 |title=King of Sweden blasts country's 'failed' coronavirus response |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/17/king-sweden-failed-covid-strategy-rare-royal-rebuke-lockdown-hospitals-cases |access-date=2022-03-31 |issn=0261-3077}} Public confidence in Tegnell in Sweden fell from 72% to 59%.{{Cite news|last=Orange|first=Richard|date=2020-12-20|title=As Covid death toll soars ever higher, Sweden wonders who to blame|language=en-GB|work=The Observer|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/20/as-covid-death-toll-soars-ever-higher-sweden-wonders-who-to-blame|access-date=2020-12-23|issn=0029-7712}} Political party Sweden Democrats called for his resignation over deaths in care homes.{{Cite news|last=Milne|first=Richard|date=2020-09-11|title=Anders Tegnell and the Swedish Covid experiment {{!}} Free to read|work=Financial Times|url=https://www.ft.com/content/5cc92d45-fbdb-43b7-9c66-26501693a371|access-date=2021-10-26}}

His positions on COVID gave him unwelcome fame. People had his face tattooed on their skin.{{cite news |last=Milne |first=Richard |date=11 September 2020 |title=Anders Tegnell and the Swedish Covid experiment |url=https://www.ft.com/content/5cc92d45-fbdb-43b7-9c66-26501693a371?s |access-date=11 September 2020 |publisher=Financial Times}} Swedish hip-hop artist Shazaam composed and released a song titled "Anders Tegnell" on April 7, 2020, portraying his stance on important issues for the Swedish society and youth.{{Cite web|date=2020-06-30|title=Rap artist Shazaam's tribute to Anders Tegnell.|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-06-30/anders-tegnell-rap-by-shazaam/12398116|access-date=2021-01-05|website=ABC News|language=en-AU}} He had been frequently invited for interviews by opponents of lockdowns in US and UK media. Tegnell reportedly advised British prime minister Boris Johnson in September 2020, who is outside Johnson's usual circle of advisers, as the government debated introducing new restrictions in the UK.{{Cite web|first1=Adam|last1=Payne|first2=Thomas|last2=Colson|title=Boris Johnson took advice from Sweden's no-lockdown scientist before rejecting tougher coronavirus restrictions|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/boris-johnson-briefed-sweden-scientist-anders-tegnell-coronavirus-rules-2020-9|access-date=2021-10-26|website=Business Insider|language=en-US}}

In September 2021, Tegnell said in an interview that he remained confident in Sweden's approach.{{Cite web|last=Guenot|first=Marianne|title=The architect of Sweden's no-lockdown COVID-19 response said the approach was basically correct|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/sweden-anders-tegnell-mask-lockdown-vaccine-covid-strategy-2021-9|access-date=2021-10-26|website=Business Insider|language=en-US}} Analysts found that though Sweden's death rate remained lower than most countries in Europe, Sweden faced a far higher covid death toll than neighbouring Norway, Denmark and Finland and failed to protect the most vulnerable people.{{Cite news|date=2021-03-24|title=Sweden saw lower 2020 death spike than much of Europe - data|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-europe-mortality-idUSKBN2BG1R9|access-date=2021-10-26}} On Dec. 21, 2021, Tegnell noted that "Omicron won't change Sweden's Covid strategy."{{Cite web|url=https://www.thelocal.se/20211201/anders-tegnell-omicron-wont-change-swedens-covid-strategy/|title = Anders Tegnell: 'Omicron won't change Sweden's Covid strategy'|date = December 2021}}

Tegnell lives with his Dutch-born wife Margit in Vreta Kloster (outside of Linköping). He has three children.{{cite web |last1=Westerlund |first1=Torbjörn |title=Mötte första patienten med blödarfeber – Västerviks-Tidningen |url=https://vt.se/nyheter/motte-forsta-patienten-med-blodarfeber-om4099745.aspx |website=VT |language=sv |date=18 April 2016}}

• Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences (Kungliga Krigsvetenskapsakademien), 2005. Tegnell was elected member of the Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences in 2005. His award lecture was on the effect of pandemics on society.{{cite journal|title=Pandemiernas påverkan på samhället |url=https://kkrva.se/wp-content/uploads/Artiklar/075/kkrvaht_5_2007_6.pdf |year=2007 |journal=Kungl. Krigsvetenskapsakademiens Handlingar och Tidskrift |volume=5/2007 |pages=76–79 |first=Anders |last=Tegnell}}

• {{cite journal |doi=10.2807/ese.14.37.19333-en|title=Economic consequences to society of pandemic H1N1 influenza 2009 – preliminary results for Sweden|year=2009|last1=Brouwers|first1=L.|last2=Cakici|first2=B.|last3=Camitz|first3=M.|last4=Tegnell|first4=A.|last5=Boman|first5=M.|journal=Eurosurveillance|volume=14|issue=37|pmid=19761738|doi-access=free}}
• {{cite journal |doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(09)70176-8|title=Closure of schools during an influenza pandemic|year=2009|last1=Cauchemez|first1=Simon|last2=Ferguson|first2=Neil M.|last3=Wachtel|first3=Claude|last4=Tegnell|first4=Anders|last5=Saour|first5=Guillaume|last6=Duncan|first6=Ben|last7=Nicoll|first7=Angus|journal=The Lancet Infectious Diseases|volume=9|issue=8|pages=473–481|pmid=19628172|pmc=7106429}}
• {{cite journal |doi=10.1186/1471-2334-11-257|title=Recommendations for and compliance with social restrictions during implementation of school closures in the early phase of the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 outbreak in Melbourne, Australia|year=2011|last1=McVernon|first1=Jodie|last2=Mason|first2=Kate|last3=Petrony|first3=Sylvia|last4=Nathan|first4=Paula|last5=Lamontagne|first5=Anthony D.|last6=Bentley|first6=Rebecca|last7=Fielding|first7=James|last8=Studdert|first8=David M.|last9=Kavanagh|first9=Anne|journal=BMC Infectious Diseases|volume=11|page=257|pmid=21958428|pmc=3190378 |doi-access=free }}

{{reflist}}

• {{cite news |title=The Influenza A(H1N1)2009 Pandemic in Sweden, 2009-2010: A Report from the Swedish WHO National Influenza Centre |publisher=The Swedish Institute for Communicable Disease Control (Smittskyddsinstitutet) |number=2011–15–1 |url=https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/contentassets/1d7096c2b65d45b499c924d76333272c/influenza-in-sweden-2009-2010.pdf}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Tegnell, Anders}}

Category:1956 births

Category:Living people

Category:Alumni of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

Category:COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden

Category:COVID-19 researchers

Category:Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences

Category:Linköping University alumni

Category:Lund University alumni

Category:Physicians from Uppsala

Category:Swedish civil servants

Category:Swedish epidemiologists

Category:Swedish infectious disease physicians