Andre Keyser

{{Short description|South African palaeontologist and geologist}}

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| alt = Andre Keyser at Grootkloof, Magaliesberg

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| birth_date = {{birth date |1938|03|08|df=y}}

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| death_date = {{death date and age |2010|08|15 |1938|03|08|df=y}}

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| fields = palaeontologist and geologist

| workplaces = Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Research, University of the Witwatersrand

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André Werner Keyser (8 March 1938, Pretoria – 15 August 2010, Pretoria), was a South African palaeontologist and geologist noted for his discovery of the Drimolen hominid site and of numerous hominid remains.

In 1994 he discovered a female Paranthropus robustus skull, nicknamed Eurydice,{{cite book|last1=Frisancho|first1=Roberto|title=Humankind Evolving: An Exploration of the Origins of Human Diversity|date=2006|publisher=Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company|isbn=978-0757514081|page=135}} the most complete australopithecine skull ever excavated.

In 1997 he found two children’s skulls some 1.5 to 2 million years old. The children were under three years old at the time of their death, and were found at the Drimolen site near the Sterkfontein Caves.{{cite web|url=http://www.lagazzettadelsudafrica.net/Gennaio%202006/Art_200106_2.htm |title=The life of Guglielmo Martinaglia |access-date=2010-08-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100728110928/http://www.lagazzettadelsudafrica.net/Gennaio%202006/Art_200106_2.htm |archive-date=2010-07-28 }}{{cite web|url=http://www.archaeology.org/0007/newsbriefs/skull.html|title=Sexy Skull Find - Archaeology Magazine Archive|work=archaeology.org}}http://www.trussel.com/prehist/news48.htm{{cite web|url=http://www.cradleofhumankind.co.za/ourstory/ourjourney/humanorigins/Pages/Andre%20Keyser.aspx |title=Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site |access-date=2010-08-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726021013/http://www.cradleofhumankind.co.za/ourstory/ourjourney/humanorigins/Pages/Andre%20Keyser.aspx |archive-date=2011-07-26 }}

In the 1930s Robert Broom, acting on a suggestion from a Transvaal Museum lepidopterist, was the first palaeontologist to visit Gladysvale Cave, hoping to find a hominid fossil cave close to Johannesburg. In 1946 Phillip Tobias recovered a baboon fossil from the site. The 1948 Camp-Peabody expedition from the United States failed to find any hominid remains. The site was then forgotten until 1991 when Lee Berger and Andre Keyser started excavations. They soon found two teeth of Australopithecus africanus, making Gladysvale the first new hominid site in South Africa since the 1948 discovery of Swartkrans by Robert Broom.

Since then the site has yielded more than a quarter of a million fossils in excavations by teams from the University of the Witwatersrand, the University of Zurich and Duke University. These fossils include, beside hominids, antelope, extinct wolves, giant zebra and monkeys.{{cite book|title=Field Guide to the Cradle of Humankind|author1=Hilton Barber, B. |author2=Berger, L.R.|date=2001 |publisher=Struik}}

Dr Colin Menter from the University of Johannesburg, commenting on the hominid fossils from Drimolen, stated: “Discoveries at this site showed us that sex differences in Paranthropus robustus were greater than we had previously thought. While there are some specimens from Drimolen that are just as large and robust as those from other sites like Swartkrans, there is a complete female skull that is distinctly smaller than the other, well-preserved specimens of the species.” {{cite web|url=http://machineslikeus.com/how-our-ancestors-were-like-gorillas.html|title=How our ancestors were like gorillas|work=machineslikeus.com|access-date=2010-08-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721051701/http://machineslikeus.com/how-our-ancestors-were-like-gorillas.html|archive-date=2011-07-21|url-status=dead}}