Android Studio
{{Short description|Integrated development environment for the Android platform}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2022}}
{{Infobox software
| name = Android Studio
| logo = {{#Property:P154}}
| logo caption =
| screenshot = Android StudIo Ladybug (2024.2.2.13).png
| caption = Screenshot of Android Studio Ladybug
| collapsible =
| developer = Google, JetBrains
| latest_release_version = {{wikidata|property|reference|edit|Q13233410|P348|P548=Q2804309}}
| latest_release_date = {{start date and age|{{wikidata|qualifier|Q13233410|P548=Q2804309|P348|P577}}}}
| latest preview version = {{wikidata|property|reference|edit|Q13233410|P348|P548=Q21727724}}
| latest preview date = {{start date and age|{{wikidata|qualifier|Q13233410|P348|P548=Q21727724|P577}}}}
| programming language = Java, Kotlin and C++
| repo = {{url|https://android.googlesource.com/platform/tools/}}, {{url|https://cs.android.com/android-studio}}
| operating system = Windows, macOS, Linux (including ChromeOS){{cite web|title=Download Options|url=https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html#downloads|website=developer.android.com|access-date=November 16, 2021|archive-date=April 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180426081934/https://developer.android.com/studio/#downloads|url-status=live}}
| size = 8.1 to 9.5 GB
| genre = Integrated development environment (IDE)
| license = Binaries: Freeware,{{cite web|title=Terms and Conditions|url=https://developer.android.com/studio/terms.html|website=developer.android.com|access-date=April 24, 2017|archive-date=May 31, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230531225330/https://developer.android.com/studio/terms.html|url-status=live}} Source code:{{cite web|title=Build Overview|url=https://android.googlesource.com/platform/tools/base/+/studio-master-dev/source.md|website=android.com|access-date=July 14, 2021|archive-date=September 19, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230919011935/https://android.googlesource.com/platform/tools/base/+/studio-master-dev/source.md|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=Building Android Studio|url=http://tools.android.com/build/studio|website=android.com|access-date=May 18, 2017|archive-date=June 9, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230609105855/http://tools.android.com/build/studio|url-status=dead}} Apache License (except SDK updates with proprietary license){{fact|date=March 2024}}
| website = {{URL|https://developer.android.com/studio}}
}}
Android Studio is the official{{Cite web|url=https://developer.android.com/studio|title=Download Android Studio and SDK tools|website=Android Developers|access-date=July 19, 2016|archive-date=May 14, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514095905/http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html|url-status=live}} integrated development environment (IDE) for Google's Android operating system, built on JetBrains' IntelliJ IDEA software and designed specifically for Android development.{{cite web |url=https://android-developers.blogspot.in/2013/05/android-studio-ide-built-for-android.html |title=Android Studio: An IDE built for Android |last1=Ducrohet |first1=Xavier |last2=Norbye |first2=Tor |last3=Chou |first3=Katherine |date=May 15, 2013 |work=Android Developers Blog |access-date=May 16, 2013 |archive-date=November 4, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151104132727/http://android-developers.blogspot.in/2013/05/android-studio-ide-built-for-android.html |url-status=live }} This is available for download on Windows, macOS and Linux based operating systems.{{cite web |url=https://developer.android.com/sdk/installing/studio.html |title=Getting Started with Android Studio |work=Android Developers |access-date=May 14, 2013 |archive-date=November 20, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141120082907/http://developer.android.com/sdk/installing/studio.html |url-status=live }} It is a replacement for the Eclipse Android Development Tools (E-ADT) as the primary IDE for native (local) Android application development. Android Studio is licensed under the Apache license but it also ships with some SDK updates that are under a non-free license, making it not an open source software. {{cite web |url=https://github.com/flathub/com.google.AndroidStudio/blob/master/com.google.AndroidStudio.appdata.xml#L5 |title=Com.google.AndroidStudio/Com.google.AndroidStudio.appdata.XML at master · flathub/Com.google.AndroidStudio |website=GitHub |access-date=February 15, 2024 |archive-date=February 15, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240215013134/https://github.com/flathub/com.google.AndroidStudio/blob/master/com.google.AndroidStudio.appdata.xml#L5 |url-status=live }}
Android Studio was announced on May 16, 2013, at the Google I/O conference. It was in early access preview stage starting from version 0.1 in May 2013, then entered beta stage starting from version 0.8 which was released in June 2014.{{cite web |title=Download Android Studio |url=https://developer.android.com/sdk/installing/studio.html |work=Android Developers |access-date=June 13, 2015 |archive-date=November 20, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141120082907/http://developer.android.com/sdk/installing/studio.html |url-status=live }} The first stable build was released in December 2014, starting from version 1.0.{{cite web |url=https://venturebeat.com/2014/12/08/google-releases-android-studio-1-0-the-first-stable-version-of-its-ide/ |title=Google Launches Android Studio And New Features For Developer Console, Including Beta Releases And Staged Rollout |date=December 8, 2014 |publisher=VentureBeat |access-date=December 9, 2014 |archive-date=June 12, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143818/https://venturebeat.com/2014/12/08/google-releases-android-studio-1-0-the-first-stable-version-of-its-ide/ |url-status=live }} At the end of 2015, Google dropped support for Eclipse ADT, making Android Studio the only officially supported IDE for Android development.{{cite web|url=https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2015/06/an-update-on-eclipse-android-developer.html|title=An update on Eclipse Android Developer Tools|date=June 26, 2015|access-date=September 27, 2022|archive-date=September 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927011730/https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2015/06/an-update-on-eclipse-android-developer.html|url-status=live}}
On May 7, 2019, Kotlin replaced Java as Google's preferred language for Android app development.{{Cite web |url=https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2019/05/google-io-2019-empowering-developers-to-build-experiences-on-Android-Play.html |date=May 7, 2019 |title=Google I/O 2019: Empowering developers to build the best experiences on Android + Play |access-date=January 8, 2024 |website=Android Developers Blog |language=en |archive-date=January 8, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240108143017/https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2019/05/google-io-2019-empowering-developers-to-build-experiences-on-Android-Play.html |url-status=live }} Java is still supported, as is C++.{{cite web |last1=Sinicki |first1=Adam |title=I want to develop Android Apps — What languages and program I should use & learn? |url=https://www.androidauthority.com/develop-android-apps-languages-learn-391008/ |website=Android Authority |date=August 10, 2019 |access-date=September 12, 2019}}
Features
{{Update|part=section|date=May 2024|reason=Android Studio now supports newer versions of Java}}
Plugin Ecosystem and Extensibility
Android Studio's architecture is designed to be highly extensible, allowing developers to tailor the IDE to their specific needs through a robust plugin ecosystem. Plugins can introduce new functionalities, integrate external tools, and enhance existing features, thereby streamlining the development process.
Built-in Plugins: Essential tools integrated into Android Studio, such as Android Support, Kotlin Support, and Git Integration.
Third-Party Plugins: Popular community-driven extensions like Firebase Assistant, ButterKnife Zelezny, and SQLDelight, which expand functionality.
Developing Custom Plugins: The process of building new plugins using the IntelliJ Platform SDK and Gradle plugins for automation and customization.
Managing Plugins: Best practices for installing, updating, and optimizing plugins to maintain performance and compatibility.
= Built-in Plugins =
Out of the box, Android Studio includes a set of built-in plugins that support essential development tasks:
- Android Support: Provides tools and integrations specific to Android development, including project templates, wizards, and the Android SDK manager.{{Cite web |title=JetBrains Marketplace |url=https://plugins.jetbrains.com/androidstudio |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=JetBrains Marketplace}}
- Kotlin Support: Since Kotlin became Google's preferred language for Android app development in 2019, Android Studio has integrated comprehensive support for Kotlin, facilitating seamless development experiences.{{Cite web |title=Kotlin and Android |url=https://developer.android.com/kotlin |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Android Developers |language=en}}
- Git Integration: Offers version control support, enabling developers to manage code repositories directly within the IDE.
= Third-Party Plugins =
Beyond the built-in options, developers can access a vast array of third-party plugins to extend Android Studio's capabilities:
- Firebase Assistant: Simplifies the process of adding Firebase services to an app, such as analytics, authentication, and cloud messaging.
- ButterKnife Zelezny: Automates the generation of view bindings for Android's ButterKnife library, reducing boilerplate code.
- SQLDelight: Assists in generating type-safe APIs from SQL statements, streamlining database interactions within Android applications.
These plugins, among many others, are available through the JetBrains Plugin Repository and can be easily installed via Android Studio's plugin manager.
= Developing Custom Plugins =
For specialized requirements, developers have the option to create custom plugins:
- IntelliJ Platform SDK: Android Studio is built upon JetBrains' IntelliJ IDEA, and developers can utilize the IntelliJ Platform SDK to develop plugins that extend the IDE's functionality. {{Cite web |title=IntelliJ Platform SDK {{!}} IntelliJ Platform Plugin SDK |url=https://plugins.jetbrains.com/docs/intellij/welcome.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=IntelliJ Platform Plugin SDK Help |language=en-US}}
- Gradle Plugins: Custom Gradle plugins can automate build processes, manage dependencies, and perform other build-related tasks, enhancing the efficiency of project workflows.
Comprehensive documentation and community resources are available to guide developers through the process of plugin development, ensuring that even complex extensions can be implemented effectively.
= Managing Plugins =
Effective management of plugins is crucial to maintain an optimal development environment:
- Installation and updates: Plugins can be installed and updated directly through Android Studio's plugin manager, accessible via the settings menu.
- Compatibility considerations: It's important to ensure that plugins are compatible with the specific version of Android Studio in use to prevent potential conflicts or issues.
- Performance impact: While plugins add valuable features, an excessive number can lead to increased resource consumption. Regularly reviewing and disabling unnecessary plugins can help maintain IDE performance.
By leveraging the plugin ecosystem, developers can customize Android Studio to align with their workflows, integrate preferred tools, and enhance productivity, making it a versatile environment for Android application development.
The following features are provided in the current stable version:{{cite web |url=https://www.engadget.com/2013/05/15/google-android-studio/ |title=Google intros Android Studio, an IDE for building apps |last=Honig |first=Zach |date=May 15, 2013 |work=Engadget |publisher=AOL |access-date=May 16, 2013 |archive-date=July 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180726005923/https://www.engadget.com/2013/05/15/google-android-studio/ |url-status=live }}{{cite web | url = https://android-doc.github.io/tools/studio/index.html | title = Android Studio Overview | access-date = 2022-07-20 | archive-date = July 20, 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220720074626/https://android-doc.github.io/tools/studio/index.html | url-status = dead }}
- Gradle-based build support
- Android-specific refactoring and quick fixes
- Lint tools to catch performance, usability, version compatibility and other problems
- ProGuard integration and app-signing capabilities
- Template-based wizards to create common Android designs and components
- A rich layout editor that allows users to drag-and-drop UI components, option to preview layouts on multiple screen configurations{{cite web |url=https://techcrunch.com/2013/05/15/google-launches-android-studio-a-development-tool-for-apps/ |title=Google Launches Android Studio And New Features For Developer Console, Including Beta Releases And Staged Rollout |last=Olanoff |first=Drew |date=May 15, 2013 |work=TechCrunch |publisher=AOL |access-date=May 16, 2013 |archive-date=May 17, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517170850/http://techcrunch.com/2013/05/15/google-launches-android-studio-a-development-tool-for-apps/ |url-status=live }}
- Support for building Android Wear apps
- Built-in support for Google Cloud Platform, that enables integration with Firebase Cloud Messaging (Earlier 'Google Cloud Messaging') and Google App Engine{{cite web |url=https://developer.android.com/sdk/installing/studio.html |title=Android Studio BETA |date=May 15, 2013 |work=Google |access-date=August 15, 2014 |archive-date=November 20, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141120082907/http://developer.android.com/sdk/installing/studio.html |url-status=live }}
- Android Virtual Device (Emulator) to run and debug apps in the Android studio.
Android Studio supports all the same programming languages of IntelliJ (and CLion) e.g. Java, C++, and with more extensions, such as Go;{{Citation|title=Google Go language IDE built using the IntelliJ Platform: go-lang-plugin-org/go-lang-idea-plugin|quote=Supported IDEs [..] Android Studio 1.2.1+|date=2019-02-23|url=https://github.com/go-lang-plugin-org/go-lang-idea-plugin#Deprecation-notice|publisher=Go Language support for IDEA based IDEs|access-date=2019-02-23|archive-date=April 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414161827/https://github.com/go-lang-plugin-org/go-lang-idea-plugin#Deprecation-notice|url-status=live}} and Android Studio 3.0 or later supports Kotlin,{{cite web|url=https://developer.android.com/kotlin/get-started.html|title=Get Started with Kotlin on Android {{!}} Android Developers|website=developer.android.com|language=en|access-date=2017-10-25|archive-date=October 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171026053849/https://developer.android.com/kotlin/get-started.html|url-status=live}} and "Android Studio includes support for using a number of Java 11+ APIs without requiring a minimum API level for your app".{{Cite web |title=Java 11+ APIs available through desugaring {{!}} Android Studio |url=https://developer.android.com/studio/write/java11-default-support-table |access-date=2024-08-15 |website=Android Developers |language=en}} External projects backport some Java 9 features.{{cite web|work=retrostreams|title=android-retroflow: Backport of Java 9 (JEP 266) reactive-streams Flow and SubmissionPublisher API for Android Studio 3.0 desugar toolchain, forked from [..]|date=2017-10-22|url=https://github.com/retrostreams/android-retroflow|access-date=2017-10-25|archive-date=June 27, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627072332/https://github.com/retrostreams/android-retroflow|url-status=live}} While IntelliJ states that Android Studio supports all released Java versions, and Java 12, it's not clear to what level Android Studio supports Java versions up to Java 12 (the documentation mentions partial Java 8 support). At the very least some new language features up to Java 12 are also usable in Android.{{Cite web |url=https://jakewharton.com/androids-java-9-10-11-and-12-support/ |title=Android's Java 9, 10, 11, and 12 Support |quote=Hopefully by the time Java 12 is actually released D8 will have implemented desugaring for Java 11’s nestmates. Otherwise the pain of being stuck on Java 10 will go up quite a bit! |date=2018-11-27 |website=Jake Wharton |language=en |access-date=2019-02-23 |archive-date=February 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190224062444/https://jakewharton.com/androids-java-9-10-11-and-12-support/ |url-status=live }}
Once an app has been compiled with Android Studio, it can be published on the Google Play Store. The application has to be in line with the Google Play Store [https://play.google/developer-content-policy/ developer content policy].
Version history
The following is a list of Android Studio's major releases:{{cite web | title = Android Studio Release Notes | url = https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/index.html | work = Android Developers Official Website | date = August 2019 | access-date = 2019-09-02 | archive-date = July 18, 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170718032944/https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/index.html | url-status = live }}
System requirements
| class="wikitable"
|+ Minimum system requirements for Android Studio{{Cite web |title=Install Android Studio |url=https://developer.android.com/studio/install |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250505190441/https://developer.android.com/studio/install |archive-date=May 5, 2025 |access-date=May 24, 2025 |website=Android Developers |language=en}} ! ! Microsoft Windows ! macOS ! Linux |
| Operating System Version
| Microsoft Windows 10 (64-bit) | macOS 12 | Any 64-bit Linux distribution that supports GNOME, KDE, or Unity; GNU C Library (glibc) 2.31 or later |
|---|
| Required RAM
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 8 GB |
| Free space
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 8 GB |
| Screen resolution
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | 1280 x 800 |
| CPU
| colspan="3" style="text-align: center;" |Virtualization support Required (Intel VT-x or AMD-V, enabled in BIOS). CPU microarchitecture after 2017. Intel 8th Gen Core i5 / AMD Zen Ryzen (e.g., Intel i5-8xxx, Ryzen 1xxx). |
These features includes requirements for IDE + Android SDK + Android Emulator.
- Windows: x86_64 CPU architecture; 2nd generation Intel Core or newer, or AMD CPU with support for a Windows Hypervisor;
- Mac OS: ARM-based chips, or 2nd generation Intel Core or newer with support for Hypervisor.Framework;
- Linux: x86_64 CPU architecture; 2nd generation Intel Core or newer, or AMD processor with support for AMD Virtualization (AMD-V) and SSSE3;
- Windows: CPU with UG (unrestricted guest) support;
- Intel Hardware Accelerated Execution Manager (HAXM) 6.2.1 or later (HAXM 7.2.0 or later recommended).
The use of hardware acceleration has additional requirements on Windows and Linux:
- Intel processor on Windows or Linux: Intel processor with support for Intel VT-x, Intel EM64T (Intel 64), and Execute Disable (XD) Bit functionality;
- AMD processor on Linux: AMD processor with support for AMD Virtualization (AMD-V) and Supplemental Streaming SIMD Extensions 3 (SSSE3);
- AMD processor on Windows: Android Studio 3.2 or higher and Windows 10 April 2018 release or higher for [https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/virtualization/api/ Windows Hypervisor Platform (WHPX)] functionality.
For an attached webcam to work with Android 8.1 (API level 27) and higher system images, it must have the capability to capture 720p frames.{{Cite web |title=Emulator release notes |url=https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/emulator#27-1-10 |access-date=2022-05-12 |website=Android Developers |language=en |archive-date=June 5, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220605085006/https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/emulator#27-1-10 |url-status=live }}
References
{{Reflist|30em}}
External links
- [https://developer.android.com/studio/intro Official homepage] at developer.android.com
{{Android}}
{{Google LLC}}
{{Integrated development environments}}
{{GUI builders}}
Category:Integrated development environments
Category:Android (operating system) development software
Category:Linux integrated development environments
Category:Linux programming tools
Category:Software development kits
Category:MacOS programming tools
Category:Programming tools for Windows
Category:Software using the Apache license