Angelo Caloia
{{Infobox person
| name = Angelo Caloia
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1939|5|2}}
| nationality = Italian
| occupation = Economist, banker
| years_active = 1989–2009 (as President of the Vatican Bank)
| known_for = President of the Vatican Bank (1989–2009)
}}
Angelo Caloia (born 2 May 1939) is an Italian economist and banker, who was the President of the Vatican Bank for 20 years until September 2009.
Career
In 1989, he was called by Pope John Paul II to lead the Institute for the Works of Religion, which made him president of the Vatican Bank.{{cite news |title=" CON QUESTA CURA HO GUARITO LO IOR " |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208070809/http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/1995/marzo/27/CON_QUESTA_CURA_GUARITO_IOR_co_0_95032714102.shtml |access-date=17 April 2025 |work=Corriere Della Sera |date=8 December 2014}} He took office after Paul Marcinkus was forced out due to multiple scandals.{{cite web |title=A Primer on the Vatican Bank |url=https://www.themontrealreview.com/2009/vatican-bank.php |website=www.themontrealreview.com |access-date=17 April 2025}} He was chosen in order to restore the reputation of the bank and gets its financial affairs in order, but soon afterwards clashed with Donato De Bonis. He stated that during his time at IOR, he tried to be more transparent, but said overall that he "healed" the IOR and stated that the accounts were positive upon his leaving and that there was a clean house.
He left the office on 23 September 2009 and was replaced by Ettore Gotti Tedeschi.{{cite news |title=Lo Ior cambia guida dopo vent' anni: arriva Gotti Tedeschi |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407072218/http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/2009/settembre/24/Ior_cambia_guida_dopo_vent_co_8_090924018.shtml |access-date=17 April 2025 |work=Corriere Della Sera |date=24 September 2009}} He left a year before the end of his mandate by direct choice of the Cardinal Secretary of State. After leaving office he became professor of political economy at the Catholic University and president of the Mediocredito Lombardo bank.{{cite news |title=La vera storia della banca del Vaticano |url=https://www.famigliacristiana.it/articolo/la-vera-storia-della-banca-del-vaticano.aspx |access-date=17 April 2025 |work=Famiglia Cristiana |date=22 May 2013}}
Legal issues
The investigation started after Ernst von Freyberg in 2013 commissioned an independent audit of sale properties that had been owned by the bank after "suspicious accounting procedures".{{cite news |title=Ex-head of Vatican bank sent to trial on embezzlement charge |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/world/ex-head-of-vatican-bank-sent-to-trial-on-embezzlement-charge-idUSKCN1GE2IN/ |access-date=17 April 2025 |work=Reuters |date=2 March 2018}} In December 2014, the Vatican's prosecutor, Gian Piero Milano, froze accounts with millions of euros held by Caloia as he suspected the men of misrepresenting the sale price.{{cite news |title=Vatican charges ex-banker with €50m embezzlement – DW – 03/03/2018 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/vatican-charges-78-year-old-ex-bank-chief-with-50-million-embezzlement/a-42811821 |access-date=17 April 2025 |work=DW |date=3 March 2018 |language=en}} Upon the prosecutor's start of investigation, Caloia denied any wrongdoing. The alleged laundering occurred between 2001 and 2008. He was sentenced on Thursday, January 21, 2021, to eight years in prison for embezzling money following a real estate transaction.{{Cite news|date=22 January 2021|title=L'ancien président de la banque du Vatican condamné à 8 ans de prison|language=fr-FR|work=La Croix|url=https://www.la-croix.com/Religion/Lancien-president-banque-Vatican-condamne-8-ans-prison-2021-01-22-1201136374|access-date=23 January 2021|issn=0242-6056}}
References
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