Angelo Moriondo#First espresso machine
{{Short description|Italian inventor (1851–1914)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2014}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Angelo Moriondo
| image = Angelo Moriondo retouched.png
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_date = 6 June 1851
| birth_place = Turin, Kingdom of Sardinia
| death_date = {{d-da|31 May 1914|6 June 1851}}
| death_place = Marentino, Turin, Italy
| known_for = Inventing the espresso coffee machine
| occupation = Inventor
}}
Angelo Moriondo (6 June 1851 – 31 May 1914) was an Italian inventor, who is usually credited with patenting the earliest known espresso machine, in 1884.{{cite web |url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/the-long-history-of-the-espresso-machine-126012814/?no-ist |title=The Long History of the Espresso machine |last=Stamp |first=Jimmy |date=19 June 2012 |publisher=Smithsonian |access-date=13 July 2015 |archive-date=10 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210194545/http://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/the-long-history-of-the-espresso-machine-126012814/?no-ist |url-status=live }} His machine used a combination of steam and boiling water to efficiently brew coffee.{{cite web|url=https://www.baristahustle.com/lesson/em-0-02-angelo-moriondo/|title=Angelo Moriondo: The Myth of the Selfish Barista|last=Delprat|first=Sebastien Luc|date=18 June 2021|access-date=6 June 2022|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515021520/https://www.baristahustle.com/lesson/em-0-02-angelo-moriondo/|url-status=live}}
Early life
Moriondo came from an entrepreneurial family.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pnu9DwAAQBAJ&q=%22Angelo+Moriondo%22++entrepreneurial+family.&pg=PT81|title=Coffee: It's not rocket science: A quick & easy guide to brewing, serving, roasting & tasting coffee|last1=Racineux|first1=Sebastien|last2=Tran|first2=Chung-Leng|date=2019-11-07|publisher=Octopus|isbn=978-0-600-63683-0|language=en|access-date=5 April 2021|archive-date=6 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220606041828/https://books.google.com/books?id=pnu9DwAAQBAJ&q=%22Angelo+Moriondo%22++entrepreneurial+family.&pg=PT81|url-status=live}} His grandfather founded a liqueur producing company that was continued by his father Giacomo, who later founded the chocolate company Moriondo and Gariglio, along with his brother Agostino and cousin Gariglio. Angelo purchased the Grand-Hotel Ligure in the city-centre Piazza Carlo Felice and the American Bar in the Galleria Nazionale of Via Roma.{{cite news|language=en|first1=Sebastien Luc|last1=Delprat|first2=Ian|last2=Bersten|url=https://coffeeandteaperceptionsandillusions.files.wordpress.com/2018/08/the-moriondo-patent-discovery-and-dr-sebastien-delprat-from-france-final-pdf.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190221165741/https://coffeeandteaperceptionsandillusions.files.wordpress.com/2018/08/the-moriondo-patent-discovery-and-dr-sebastien-delprat-from-france-final-pdf.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2019-02-21|title=The first Espresso machine - Angelo Moriondo}}
First espresso machine
File:Espresso-machine-first-patent-angelo-moriondo.jpg
Moriondo presented his invention at the General Expo of Turin in 1884, where it was awarded the bronze medal. The patent was awarded for a period of six years on 16 May 1884 under the title of "New steam machinery for the economic and instantaneous confection of coffee beverage, method ‘A. Moriondo’." The machine was built by a mechanic named Martina, working under the direct supervision of the inventor.{{cite news |date=24 July 1884 |title=Chiosco del caffè Ligure |trans-title=The Café Ligure's Display Stand |language=it |newspaper=La Stampa |location=Turin, Italy |issue=203 |page=3}}
It was successively updated with a patent on 20 November 1884, Vol 34, No, 381.{{Cite web|url=https://ilglobo.com.au/news/32925/the-hidden-story-behind-moriondos-invention-of-the-espresso-machine/|title=The hidden story behind Moriondo's invention of the espresso machine — Italianmedia|website=ilglobo.com.au|access-date=2020-01-28|archive-date=28 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200128161727/https://ilglobo.com.au/news/32925/the-hidden-story-behind-moriondos-invention-of-the-espresso-machine/|url-status=live}} The invention was then confirmed by international patent application after being registered in Paris on 23 October 1885. In the following years, Moriondo continued to improve his invention drastically, each improvement being patented.{{Cite web |title=Angelo Moriondo's 171st Birthday |url=https://doodles.google/doodle/angelo-moriondos-171st-birthday/ |website= |publisher=Google |access-date=6 June 2022 |archive-date=5 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220605174007/https://www.google.com/doodles/angelo-moriondos-171st-birthday |url-status=live }}
File:Angelo_Moriondo_American_Bar.jpeg
Moriondo never took the invention to industrial-scale production. He limited himself to the construction of a few hand-built machines, which he jealously conserved in his establishments, convinced that this was a significant advertisement for them.
Ian Bersten, a historian chronicling the history of coffee, describes the device as "the first Italian bar machine that controlled the supply of steam and water separately through the coffee" and Moriondo as "one of the earliest discoverers of the expresso machine."{{Cite book |last=Bersten |first=Ian |title=Coffee Floats Tea Sinks: Through History and Technology to a Complete Understanding |year=1993 |publisher=Helian Books |isbn= 0-646-09180-8}}
Unlike later espresso machines, it was a bulk brewer and did not brew coffee for the individual customer.
Legacy
On 6 June 2022, search engine Google commemorated Moriondo with a Doodle on his 171st birthday.{{Cite web |title=Coffee Lovers Sip! Google Pays Tribute To Godfather Of Espresso Machines |url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/angelo-moriondo-google-doodle-coffee-lovers-sip-google-pays-tribute-to-godfather-of-espresso-machines-3041243 |date=6 June 2022 |access-date=2022-06-06 |website=ndtv.com |publisher=NDTV |location=New Delhi |archive-date=6 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220606050234/https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/angelo-moriondo-google-doodle-coffee-lovers-sip-google-pays-tribute-to-godfather-of-espresso-machines-3041243 |url-status=live }}
References
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{{Coffee in Italy}}
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Category:19th-century Italian inventors