Anglo-Czechoslovak and Prague Credit Bank

File:Montague Collett Norman, (1-5-23) LCCN2016847108.jpg (1871-1950) was instrumental in the formation of Anglo-Czechoslovak Bank in 1922]]

The Anglo-Austrian Bank opened a branch in Prague in 1880.{{cite web |website=Central European Economic and Social History |title=Types of banks in the Habsburg Empire |url=http://centraleuropeaneconomicandsocialhistory.com/types-of-banks-in-the-habsburg-empire |author=Susanne Wurm |date={{date|2017/02/06}}}} Following the collapse of the Habsburg Monarchy in late 1918, more than 50% of the bank's assets were in what became Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia, and 45 percent of its capital was held by Czechoslovak shareholders.{{citation |author=Charles University |location=Prague |title=Prager wirtschafts- und sozialhistorische Mitteilungen, Band 4 |publisher=Institut für Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeschichte der Philosophischen Fakultät der Karls-Universität |date=1997 |pages=7–8}} The Bank of England soon became a major shareholder, through the mediation of the Petschek family and under direct watch of Governor Montagu Norman, and transferred the bank's head office to London.

Montagu Norman then negotiated an exemption from Czechoslovakia's policy of "nostrification" of the banking sector, allowing it to retain control of its Czech operations even though it placed them in a newly formed subsidiary, the Anglo-Czechoslovak Bank formally established on {{date|1922/04/12}}. At the time of its establishment, it was larger (by either capital or total assets) than any of the nostrified banks, even though some long-established domestic banks were larger, namely the Böhmische Escompte-Bank (est. 1863), Živnostenská Banka (est. 1869), Böhmische Union Bank (est. 1872), Zemská Banka (est. 1890), and Böhmische Industriebank (est. 1898).{{citation |title=Československé bankovnictví v letech 1918-1926 |author=Eva Haškovcová |date=2006 |publisher=Charles University |location=Prague |url=https://ies.fsv.cuni.cz/default/file/download/id/4008 |page=99}}{{cite web |website=Czech National Bank |title=Česká průmyslová banka v Praze |url=https://www.cnb.cz/cs/o_cnb/archiv-cnb/fondy-archivu-cnb/ceska-prumyslova-banka-v-praze/ }}

In 1923, the Anglo-Czechoslovak Bank opened a branch of its own in London.{{cite web |website=Czech National Bank |title=Anglo - československá banka v Praze |url=https://www.cnb.cz/cs/o_cnb/archiv-cnb/fondy-archivu-cnb/anglo-ceskoslovenska-banka-v-praze/ }} The Anglo-Austrian Bank, by then renamed as Anglo-International Bank, sold most of its shares in the later 1920s.{{citation |author=Harald Wixforth |title=Auftakt zur Ostexpansion. Die Dresdner Bank und die Umgestaltung des Bankwesens im Sudetenland 1938/39 |publisher=Hannah-Arendt-Institut für Totalitarismusforschung e. V. an der Technischen Universität Dresden |date=2001}}

In the 1920s, the Anglo-Czechoslovak Bank commissioned architect Josef Gočár for the remodeling of its head office in Prague, in the {{ill|Sweerts-Sporck Palace|cs|Swéerts-Sporckův palác}} which it had acquired in the early 20th century, and for the building of new branches in several Czechoslovak cities, including a notable exemplar of Czech Cubism at the {{ill|Anglobanka (Hradec Králové){{!}}Anglobanka branch building|cs|Anglobanka}} in Hradec Králové.{{cite web |website=Královéhradecký architektonický manuál |url=https://kam.hradcekralove.cz/en/object/10-anglobanka |title=Anglobanka }}

Gočár's remodeling of the Prague head office from 1923 to 1926 was an early example of facadism.{{cite web |website=EARCH.TV |url=https://www.earch.cz/tv/earchtv-baroko-moderna-soucasnost-palac-spork-v-centru-prahy-prosel-rozsahlou-rekonstrukci-podle-navrhu-stanislava |title=Baroko, moderna, současnost. Palác Špork v centru Prahy prošel rozsáhlou rekonstrukcí podle návrhu Stanislava Fialy |author=Matěj Beránek |date={{date|2019/03/18}}}} The property was purchased in 2011 by developer SEBRE, which branded it the Spork Palace after renovating it from 2014 to 2018 on an award-winning design by architect {{ill|Stanislav Fiala|cs}}.{{cite web |website=SEBRE |url=https://www.sebre.cz/en/development/spork-palace |title=Spork Palace }} SEBRE sold the Spork Palace to Generali in 2019.{{cite web |website=Property Forum |date={{date|2019/03/20}} |title=Generali Real Estate buys Prague building |url=https://www.property-forum.eu/news/generali-real-estate-buys-prague-building/3775 }}

File:Knihovna města Plzně - hlavní budova.jpg|Former Anglo-Austrian Bank branch in Plzeň, built in 1914{{cite web |url=https://www.pamatkovykatalog.cz/byvala-anglorakouska-banka-dnes-knihovna-15050985 |website=Památkový Katalog |title=Bývalá Anglorakouská banka, dnes knihovna |date=2015}}

File:ČB, U Černé věže 6 (01).jpg|Former branch in České Budějovice{{cite web |url=http://www.encyklopedie.c-budejovice.cz/clanek/bankovnictvi |website=Encyklopedie Českých Budějovic |title=bankovnictví |author=Václav Vondra }}

File:Hybernská Swéerts-Špork klasicistní.jpg|Prague head office, with the remodeling designed by Josef Gočár visible in the background

File:Banka (Hradec Králové).jpg|Former branch in Hradec Králové, designed by Gočár

File:Anglobanka, nam. Republiky 222, Pardubice (01).JPG|Former branch in Pardubice, designed by Gočár

File:Anglo-československá banka (bývalá).JPG|Former branch in Ostrava, designed by Gočár

File:Julius Veselý, Eduard Kramer (Pražská úvěrní banka).png

The {{ill|Prague Credit Bank|cs|Pražská úvěrní banka}} was established in 1870 in Kolín, chaired by prominent businessman {{ill|František Havelec|cs}} until his death in 1879. It opened a branch in Prague in 1896, and relocated there in 1899.{{cite web|website=Office Park Kutnohorská |title=Trocha z historie domu |url=https://www.officek40.cz/trocha-z-historie-domu/ |date=2019}} In 1900-1902, it built a new head office in Prague, 28. října 13, one of the earliest examples of Art Nouveau in Prague, on a design by architect {{ill|Matěj Blecha|cs}} and sculpture by Celda Klouček.{{cite web |website=Prásdné Domy |url=https://prazdnedomy.cz/domy/objekty/detail/1810-prazska-uverni-banka-city-palais |title=Pražská úvěrní banka, City Palais čp 377}} The Prague Credit Bank opened a branch in Lviv in 1906 then expanded outside of Austria-Hungary, with a branch in Belgrade in 1910 and another one in Sofia in 1912.{{cite web|website=Bulgarian National Academic Library Information System |url=http://digilib.nalis.bg/dspviewerb/srv/viewer/eng/ec4b0237-9a70-4555-ab32-8d08ff5846bd?tk=7EsCN5pwRVWrMo0I_1hGvQAAAABjgVKB.kpmdX31DSkR3eQEJVxZpMA&citation_url=/xmlui/handle/nls/30111 |title=Prague Credit Bank}} In 1919, it was shored up by a group of investors led by France's Société Générale.{{cite web |website=Czech National Bank |title=Pražská úvěrní banka v Praze |url=https://www.cnb.cz/cs/o_cnb/archiv-cnb/fondy-archivu-cnb/prazska-uverni-banka-v-praze/ }} In 1920 it took a majority stake in the Romanian Trade and Industry Bank ({{langx|ro|Banca Română de Comerț și Industrie}}) in Bucharest; conversely, in 1921 it liquidated its branches in former Austrian Galicia. Its operations in Yugoslavia were similarly liquidated in 1924, with assets taken over by the National Bank of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.{{citation |url=https://www.hnb.hr/documents/20182/121504/The-History-of-Money-in-Croatia.pdf/09461b90-2568-4610-9ee6-e6b47c638892 |author=Mira Kolar-Dimitrijević |title=The History of Money in Croatia 1527 – 1941 |publisher=Croatian National Bank |location=Zagreb |date=2018}}{{rp|158}}

File:Praha, roh Václavského náměstí a 28. října.jpg|Former head office (right)

File:194 Antiga Cambra de Comerç de Praga, Ulice 28. Října.jpg|Detail of decoration

File:Staré Město, 28. října 13, plastika ve štítu.jpg|Crowing sculpture of Hermes

File:Ostrava, Moravská Ostrava a Přívoz, domy v centru a okolí (citerárium).JPG|Former branch in Ostrava, with preserved monogram PÚB

File:Ústí nad Labem 2015.JPG|Former branch in Ústí nad Labem

File:NOVÝ JIČÍN (21).JPG|Former branch in Nový Jičín (right){{cite web |website=deník.cz |url=https://novojicinsky.denik.cz/zpravy_region/v-sidle-ceske-pojistovny-se-drive-var20100825.html |title=V sídle České pojišťovny se dříve vařilo pivo |date={{date|2010/08/25}} |author=Jana Hromočuková }}

File:Львів, банк Промінвест, акад. Гнатюка вул., 2.jpg|{{ill|Prague Credit Bank (Lviv){{!}}Former branch|uk|Будинок Празького банку (Львів)}} in Lviv

File:Die "Böhmische Landesbank in Brody als Komdogebäude der Wr. Division. (BildID 15447298).jpg|Branch in Brody,{{cite web |website=Center for Hurban History |url=https://uma.lvivcenter.org/en/photos/1650 |title=Building of the former Prague Bank}} during World War I

File:Броди - майдан Свободи, 3.jpg|The same building in 2013

File:HotelEvropaBelgrade.JPG|{{ill|Prague Credit Bank (Belgrade){{!}}Former branch|cs|Budova Pražské úvěrní banky (Bělehrad)}} in Belgrade

The Czech Commercial Bank was created in 1921 from the nostrification of the operations of Vienna-based Mercurbank in Czechoslovakia. It suffered heavy losses in the turmoil of the early 1920s. Given the bank's lingering fragility in the late 1920s, its directors welcomed the prospect of merger.{{cite web |website=Czech National Bank |title=Česká komerční banka v Praze |url=https://www.cnb.cz/cs/o_cnb/archiv-cnb/fondy-archivu-cnb/ceska-komercni-banka-v-praze/ }}

File:Praha Nove Mesto Na prikope 6.jpg|Former head office of Czech Commercial Bank, Na příkopě 6

File:Karel Engliš-1931.jpg (1880-1961) engineered the merger of the three banks in 1929-1930]]

File:Anzeige Anglo-Prager Creditbank in Berliner Börsen-Zeitung 7. Juni 1940.jpg

In 1929, finance minister Karel Engliš, aiming to counter the dominance of Živnostenská banka, engineered the merger of the three banks to form the Anglo-Czechoslovak and Prague Credit Bank, which became the country's second-largest bank. The new bank established its head office in the former headquarters of Anglo-Czechoslovak Bank, which was the larger of the three, at Hybernská 5 in Prague. In 1939, it opened a branch in New York.{{cite web |website=New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1939/03/08/archives/czech-bank-rents-downtown-space-prague-institution-to-open-offices.html |title=CZECH BANK RENTS DOWNTOWN SPACE; Prague Institution to Open Offices in Cedar Street Early in April |date={{date|1939/03/08}}}}

In late 1938, the bank ceded its operations in the annexed Sudetenland to the {{ill|Allgemeine Deutsche Credit-Anstalt|de}}. Following Nazi invasion, it was again renamed in 1939 as Anglo-Prague Credit Bank, then in August 1940 back as Prague Credit Bank. By then, it maintained international branches in Belgrade, Bratislava, Bucharest, London, New York, Paris, and Sofia, as well as in 20 locations in Bohemia-Moravia. It took over the Meatpackers and Sausage-Makers Bank ({{langx|cs|Řeznicko-uzenářska banka v Praze}}, {{langx|de|Fleischer- und Selcher Bank in Prag}}, est. 1921) in December 1941,{{cite web |website=Czech National Bank |title=Řeznicko - uzenářská banka v Praze |url=https://www.cnb.cz/cs/o_cnb/archiv-cnb/fondy-archivu-cnb/reznicko-uzenarska-banka-v-praze/ }} then the Czech Discount Bank ({{langx|cs|Česká diskontní banka v Praze}}, est. 1920 as {{lang|cs|Československá družstevní banka}}) in early 1943.{{cite web |website=Czech National Bank |title=Česká diskontní banka v Praze |url=https://www.cnb.cz/cs/o_cnb/archiv-cnb/fondy-archivu-cnb/ceska-diskontni-banka-v-praze/ }} Its own activity was discontinued in December 1943 and taken over by German financial institutions. In May 1945, the bank restarted operations shortly after the completion of the Prague offensive. Like all Czechoslovak banks, it was nationalized in 1946 under the Beneš decrees. It was finally subsumed in 1948 into Živnostenská banka.{{cite web |url=https://digilib.phil.muni.cz/_flysystem/fedora/pdf/111846.pdf |author=Rudolf Štancl |title=Die Entwicklung des Kreditsystems der Tschechoslowakischen Republik von 1945 bis 1948 |publisher=Sborník prací Filozofické fakulty brněnské univerzity |date=1967 |website=Masaryk University }} Its branch in New York was transferred to Živnostenská banka but eventually closed in 1949.{{cite web |website= Scripophily |author=Bob Kerstein |title=New York Bank History |url=http://www.scripophily.com/nybankhistoryz.htm }}

• Anglo-Austrian Bank
• Anglo-Egyptian Bank
• Anglo-Portuguese Bank
• Anglo-South American Bank

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Category:Defunct banks of Czechoslovakia

Category:Defunct banks of the Czech Republic

Category:Banks established in 1922