Aniline acetate test
{{ infobox chemical analysis
| name = Aniline acetate test
| image =
| caption =
| acronym =
| classification = Colorimetric method
| analytes = Pentoses
| manufacturers =
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The aniline acetate test is a chemical test for the presence of certain carbohydrates, in which they are converted to furfural with hydrochloric acid, which reacts with aniline acetate to produce a bright pink color. Pentoses give a strong reaction, and hexoses give a much weaker reaction.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xfS5DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA358|title=Safety Scale Laboratory Experiments|last1=Seager|first1=Spencer L.|last2=Slabaugh|first2=Michael R.|last3=Hansen|first3=Maren S.|date=2016-12-05|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=9781337517140|pages=358|language=en}}
Procedure and mechanism
A dry sample is dissolved in a small volume of hydrochloric acid and briefly heated. A piece of paper, previously impregnated with aniline acetate, is exposed to the vapor from the sample solution. A bright pink color on the paper is positive for the presence of pentoses. Image:Furfural skeletal.svg
Hydrochloric acid dehydrates pentoses (sugars containing five carbon atoms) to produce furfural. The reaction of furfural and aniline produces a bright pink color. Hexoses, which are sugars which contain six carbons, are not dehydrated to furfural, and so they do not produce a pink color.
Interferences
3-Furanaldehyde responds to the usual tests for aldehydes, but unlike 2-furanaldehyde it gives no color test with aniline acetate.
References
;Notes
{{Reflist}}
;Bibliography
- A Method for the identification of pure organic compounds by a systematic analytical procedure based on physical properties and chemical reactions. v. 1, 1911. By Samuel Parsons Mulliken. Published by J. Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1904. [https://books.google.com/books?id=ay-imBeBfmUC&dq=aniline+acetate+test&pg=PA33 Google Books link] page 33.
- "Modifications of the aniline acetate-furfural method for the determination of pentose." The Analyst, 1956, 81, 598 - 601, {{doi|10.1039/AN9568100598}} [http://www.rsc.org/publishing/journals/AN/article.asp?doi=AN9568100598]