Anny Cazenave

{{Infobox scientist

| name = Anny Cazenave

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| birth_name =Anny Boistay

| birth_date =3 March 1944

| birth_place =Draveil

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| fields = Geophysics, geodesy, oceanography, hydrology

| workplaces = CNES

| alma_mater = Paul Sabatier University

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| awards = Legion of Honour (2010)
William Bowie Medal (2012)

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Anny Cazenave ({{IPA|fr|ani kaznav|-|Fr-Anny Cazenave.ogg}}) is a French space geodesist and one of the pioneers in satellite altimetry. She works for the French space agency CNES and has been deputy director of the {{ill|Laboratoire d'Etudes en Geophysique et Oceanographie Spatiales|fr|Laboratoire d'études en géophysique et océanographie spatiales}} (LEGOS) at Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées in Toulouse since 1996. Since 2013, she is director of Earth sciences at the International Space Science Institute (ISSI), in Bern (Switzerland).

As one of the leading scientists in the joint French/American satellite altimetry missions TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1, and the Ocean Surface Topography Mission, she has contributed to a greater understanding of sea level rise caused by global warming. Cazenave is a member of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and was the lead author of the sea level sections for their fourth and fifth Assessment Reports.

Early life and education

Not from an academic background, Cazenave was not destined to work in the sciences.↑ Aurélie Luneau, "From the blue of the sky blue oceans: the life of Anny Cazenave," broadcast March of science on France Culture, November 26, 2015, 8 min 30 s. However, she achieved a postgraduate doctorate in fundamental astronomy (Paris, 1969) as well as receiving her Ph.D. in geophysics from the University of Toulouse in 1975.{{cite web|url=http://www.academie-sciences.fr/academie/membre/CazenaveA_bio022011_gb.pdf|title=CV of Anny Cazenave|publisher=French Academy of Sciences|accessdate=19 October 2013|archive-date=20 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020211609/http://www.academie-sciences.fr/academie/membre/CazenaveA_bio022011_gb.pdf|url-status=dead}}

Post-University

From 1975 until the mid-1990s, Cazenave researched temporal and spatial variations of gravity. She used satellite altimetry data from SEASAT, ERS-1, and TOPEX/Poseidon to devise gravity models of deep ocean geodynamic processes. The models were used to investigate marine tectonic features such as geoid height variations across deep ocean trenches and fracture zones, lithospheric cooling and subsidence, and the isostatic compensation of seamount chains.{{cite web|last=Peltier|first=W. R.|title=2012 William Bowie Medal Winner Anny Cazenave|url=http://honors.agu.org/winners/anny-cazenave/?sub=citation|publisher=American Geophysical Union|accessdate=17 October 2013|archive-date=20 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020232234/http://honors.agu.org/winners/anny-cazenave/?sub=citation|url-status=live}}

Cazenave turned her focus to space oceanography in the 1990s. Using data sets from the satellite altimetry missions TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1, and the Ocean Surface Topography Mission of Jason-2, she has addressed the problem of global sea level rise. She was among the first scientists to use the satellite altimetry data to extrapolate a rate of sea level rise of approximately three mm/year. She addressed the problem of balancing the global sea level budget by incorporating time-dependent gravity field data from the GRACE satellite system into her analyses. She has also been involved in studying terrestrial bodies of water from space. Cazenave is interested in "measuring temporal changes of the Earth gravity field using space gravimetry and in applications to ice sheet mass balance and change in total land water storage."{{cite web|title=Anny Cazenave - Research Interests|url=http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/20007153.html|publisher=National Academy of Sciences|accessdate=19 October 2013|archive-date=24 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324140449/http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/20007153.html|url-status=live}}

Cazenave is a member of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and was the lead author of the sea level sections of the 2007 IPCC Fourth Assessment Report and the 2014 IPCC Fifth Assessment Report.{{cite news|title=In new report, climate experts to warn of sea peril|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/in-new-report-climate-experts-to-warn-of-sea-peril-113092500756_1.html|newspaper=Business Standard|date=25 September 2013|agency=AFP|access-date=19 October 2013|archive-date=2 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402111446/https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/in-new-report-climate-experts-to-warn-of-sea-peril-113092500756_1.html|url-status=live}} Cazenave has called attention to the effects of climate change on sea level rising. She has indicated that extremely flat regions such as Bangladesh could have their groundwater threatened by sea salinisation.{{cite news|last=Soucy|first=Louise-Maude Rioux|title=Un entretien avec Anny Cazenave - Variations climatiques extrêmes prévues|url=https://www.ledevoir.com/societe/science-et-technologie/27719/un-entretien-avec-anny-cazenave-variations-climatiques-extremes-prevues|newspaper=Le Devoir|date=17 May 2003|language=French|access-date=26 January 2019|archive-date=7 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107015814/http://www.ledevoir.com/societe/science-et-technologie/27719/un-entretien-avec-anny-cazenave-variations-climatiques-extremes-prevues|url-status=live}}

Cazenave was elected to the French Academy of Sciences in 2004.{{cite web|title=French Science Academy Welcomes Leading Science Personality from CNES |url=http://www.cnes.fr/web/CNES-en/3025-pr66-2004-anny-cazenave-elected-at-the-french-science-academy.php |publisher=CNES |date=6 December 2004 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020173621/http://www.cnes.fr/web/CNES-en/3025-pr66-2004-anny-cazenave-elected-at-the-french-science-academy.php |archivedate=20 October 2013 }} She was the 2012 recipient of the William Bowie Medal. She is foreign member of the National Academy of Sciences (USA), of the Indian National Academy of sciences (India) and Royal Academy of Belgium.

Selected works

Cazenave has authored more than 200 scientific articles for international peer-reviewed journals.

{{cite book | editor=A. Cazenave |title=Earth Rotation: Solved and Unsolved Problems | publisher=Springer Netherlands | series=Nato Science Series C: vol. 187 (Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Earth Rotation: Solved and Unsolved Problems, Château de Bonas, Gers, France, 11–13 June 1985)| year=1986 | isbn=978-90-277-2333-8 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tJU4jBWYyHMC }}
A. Cazenave, K. Feigl, Formes et Mouvements de la Terre, Belin Editions, 1994. {{isbn|2701117135}}
A. Cazenave, D. Massonnet, La Terre vue de l'espace, Belin Editions, 2004. {{isbn|2842450353}}

Awards and honours

Doisteau-Blutet Prize from the French Academy of Sciences (1979)
CNRS Bronze Medal (1980)
Knight of the National Order of Merit (1981)
Doisteau-Blutet Prize from the French Academy of Sciences (1990)
Kodak-Pathe Landucci Prize from the French Academy of Sciences (1996)
Fellow of the American Geophysical Union (AGU) (1996)
Officer of the National Order of Merit (1997)
Vening Meinesz Medal of the European Geophysical Society (1999)
Knight of the Legion of Honour (2000)
Arthur Holmes Medal & Honorary Membership (2005){{cite web|title=Arthur Holmes Medal & Honorary Membership 2005|url=http://www.egu.eu/awards-medals/arthur-holmes/2005/anny-cazenave/|publisher=European Geosciences Union|accessdate=17 October 2013|archive-date=20 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020144106/http://www.egu.eu/awards-medals/arthur-holmes/2005/anny-cazenave/|url-status=live}}
Commander of the National Order of Merit (2007)
Manley Bendall Prize, first Medal Albert of Monaco, the Oceanographic Institute (2008)
Elected foreign member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (2008)
Officer of the Legion of Honour (2010)
Prix Émile Girardeau the Naval Academy (2010)
Elected to the Indian National Science Academy (2011)
Bowie Medal of the American Geophysical Union (2012)
Grand Officer of the National Order of Merit (2015)
Prix Georges Lemaître of the Université catholique de Louvain (2015)
BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award (2018) jointly with Jonathan M. Gregory and John A. Church
Vetlesen Prize of Columbia University's Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory and the G. Unger Vetlesen Foundation (2020) {{cite web|url=https://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/the-vetlesen-prize|title=The Vtlesen Prize|publisher=Columbia University|accessdate=30 August 2020|archive-date=9 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200409044857/https://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/the-vetlesen-prize|url-status=live}}