Anomaloninae
{{Short description|Subfamily of wasps}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Erigorgus.melanobatus2.-.lindsey.jpg
| image_upright = 0.9
| image_caption = Erigorgus melanobatus
| taxon = Anomaloninae
| authority = Viereck, 1918
| subdivision_ranks = Tribes
| subdivision =
|synonyms=
- Anomalinae
}}
Anomaloninae is a subfamily of parasitoid wasps in the family Ichneumonidae.Gauld, I.D. (1976): The classification of the Anomaloninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Entomology) 33: 1-135. Several species provide beneficial services to humans by attacking forest or orchard pests.{{Cite book|title=The Ichneumonidae of Costa Rica|last=Gauld|first=Ian|publisher=American Entomological Institute|year=1997|isbn=1887988017|volume=2|location=Gainesville, FL|oclc=38127742}}
Description and distribution
File:Mesosoma Anomalon cruentatum.png
Species of Anomaloninae are slender, range in size from small to large, and are usually black or brownish in color. Yellow markings on the face and legs are common. One of the most distinguishing characteristics of this subfamily is the highly reticulated propodeum.
Species are found worldwide.
Biology and behavior
Anomalonines are koinobiont endoparasitoids of Lepidoptera or Coleoptera.{{Cite journal|last=H.|first=Goulet|last2=J.T.|first2=Huber|date=1993|title=Hymenoptera of the world: An identification guide to families.|url=https://cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/publications?id=35617|language=en}} Eggs are laid by females into the larval host, but the host is allowed to continue development to the pupal stage. Adult wasps emerge from the host pupa.
They are found in nearly all forested habitats, and unlike most other groups of ichneumonids, are also fairly common in dry habitats.
Anomalonines fly slowly in a characteristic pose, with the metasoma elevated, antennae outstretched, and legs held out behind them.
Genera
{{Div col|colwidth=22em}}
- Agrypon Forster, 1860 c g b
- Anomalon Panzer, 1803 c g b
- Aphanistes Forster, 1869 c g b
- Atrometoides Fahringer, 1922 c g
- Atrometus Förster, 1869 c g
- Aubertiana Viktorov, 1970 c g
- Barylypa Forster, 1869 c g b
- Bimentum Townes, 1971 c g
- Brachynervus Uchida, 1955 c g
- Calcaneum Townes, 1971 c g
- Castrosion Gauld & Bradshaw, 1997 c g
- Cechenodes Townes, 1971 c g
- ClathaCameron, 1905 c
- Clypeocampulum Gauld, 1976 c g
- Corsoncus Townes, 1971 c g
- Elaticarina Sheng, 2012
- Encardia Tosquinet, 1896 c g
- Erigorgus Förster, 1869 c g b
- Gravenhorstia Boie, 1836 c g
- Habrocampulum Gauld, 1976 c g
- Habronyx Foerster, 1868 c g
- Helenanomalon Broad, 2014
- Heteropelma Wesmael, 1849 c g
- Indagrypon Nikam, 1982 c g
- Kokujewiella Shestakov, 1926 c g
- Liopterna Townes, 1971 c g
- Metoa Townes, 1971 c g
- Neohabronyx Dasch, 1984 c g
- Ophionellus Westwood, 1874 c g b
- Ophiopterus Brulle, 1846 c g b
- Parania Morley, 1913 c g
- Perisphincter Townes, 1961 c g
- Phaenolabrorychus Viereck, 1913 c g
- Podogaster Brullé, 1846 c g
- Porizonopteron Meier, 1931 c g
- Pseudagrypon Lee & Kim, 1984 c g
- Pseudanomalon Szépligeti, 1905 c g
- Ribasia Ceballos, 1920 c g
- Sphaeromanus Aubert, 1979 c g
- Spolas Townes, 1961 c g
- Stangepelma Porter, 1977 c g
- Therion Curtis, 1829 c g b
- Trichomma Wesmael, 1849 c g b
- Vernamalon Gauld, 1976 c g
{{Div col end}}
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
File:Ichneumonidae - Therion cf. circumflexum.jpg|Therion circumflexum
File:Ichneumon Wasp - Therion morio, Carderock Park, Maryland.jpg|Therion morio, Maryland
References
{{Reflist|refs=
{{Cite web| title=ITIS, Integrated Taxonomic Information System
| url=https://www.itis.gov/
| access-date=2018-05-17
}}
{{Cite web| title=Catalogue of Life
| url=http://www.catalogueoflife.org/
| access-date=2018-05-17
}}
{{Cite web| title=GBIF
| url=https://www.gbif.org/
| access-date=2018-05-17
}}
{{Cite web| title=Anomaloninae Subfamily Information
| url=https://bugguide.net/node/view/319535
| website=BugGuide.net
| access-date=2018-05-17
}}
{{Cite web
| access-date = 2018-05-17
| last1 = Carlson | first1 = Robert W.
| title = Superfamily Ichneumonoidea, Discover Life
| url = http://www.discoverlife.org/proceedings/0000/6/html/Ichneumonidae.html
}}
{{cite web| url=http://www.waspweb.org/Ichneumonoidea/Ichneumonidae/Anomaloninae/index.htm
| title = Anomaloninae of the Afrotropical Region
| access-date = 2018-05-17
}}
}}
External links
- [http://bugguide.net/node/view/319535 Bugguide]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20080610150454/http://bitkikorumamuzesi.netfirms.com/ichneumonidae_anahtar.htm#Anomaloninae Diagnostic characters]
- [http://ponent.atspace.org/fauna/ins/fam/ichneumonidae/anomaloninae_ano.htm Ponent] Non English text but useful images
{{commons category|Anomaloninae}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q4034074}}