Anthem of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
{{Short description|none}}
{{Infobox anthem
|title = Eesti Nõukogude Sotsialistliku Vabariigi hümn
|transcription =
|english_title = Anthem of the Estonian SSR
|image = Estonian SSR Anthem Sheet Music.svg
|image_size =
|caption =
|prefix = Former regional
|country = the {{Nowrap|{{Flag|Estonian SSR}}}}
|composer = Gustav Ernesaks
|author = Johannes Semper
|adopted = 20 July 1945{{cite web|title=Eesti NSV hümn|url=http://dea.digar.ee/cgi-bin/dea?a=d&d=postimeesew19450724.2.9|publisher=Postimees|accessdate=10 March 2017}}
21 July 1956 (modified version)
|until = 8 May 1990{{cite web|title=Seadus Eesti sümboolikast|url=https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/24029|publisher=Riigi Teataja|accessdate=10 March 2017}}
|sound = Estonian SSR Anthem Video.webm
|sound_title = State Anthem of the Estonian SSR (1945 version)
}}
{{listen|filename=National_Anthem_of_the_Estonian_SSR.ogg|title=Vocal|description=Vocal recording from 1978|format=Ogg|filename2=|title2=|format2=}}
The State Anthem of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic was the anthem of Estonia from 1945 to 1990 when it was a part of the Soviet Union.
{{Listen
| filename = Anthem-ssr-estonian-instr-1968.ogg
| title = Orchestral instrumental recording
| type = music}}
Background
The anthem was presented to the central government of the USSR in May 1944, three months after the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR had issued a decree on 3 February 1944, "On the State Anthems of the Soviet Republics."{{cite web|title=National anthem of the Republic of Estonia|url=https://news.tut.by/culture/469970.html?crnd=37625|website=news.tut.by|accessdate=2 August 2018|archive-date=3 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803133757/https://news.tut.by/culture/469970.html?crnd=37625|url-status=dead}}
The melody of the anthem was composed by Gustav Ernesaks, and the lyrics written by Johannes Semper. The anthems of the Estonian SSR, the Karelo-Finnish SSR, and the Georgian SSR were the only Soviet regional anthems not to mention the Russian people. After the Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin died in 1953, during the following period of de-Stalinization in the USSR, on 21 July 1956, the third stanza of the lyrics of the Estonian SSR anthem were changed to remove all mentions of Stalin.
During the Soviet occupation of Estonia, performing or reciting the melody or lyrics of "Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm" was forbidden by law, and considered a punishable criminal offence by the Soviet regime. While another song with Ernesaks' melody "Mu isamaa on minu arm", served as means of expressing national feelings, and was widely regarded by Estonians as their "unofficial anthem". On 8 May 1990, "Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm" was restored as the state anthem, together with the blue-black-white Estonian flag and state official name Republic of Estonia.{{cite web|title=National anthem of the Republic of Estonia|url=https://www.eesti.ee/en/republic-of-estonia/republic-of-estonia/national-anthem-of-the-republic-of-estonia/|website=eesti.ee|accessdate=4 September 2017}}
Lyrics
=Post-Stalinist version=
| class="wikitable"
!Estonian original !English translation |
| style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"
| ja seisa kaljuna, me kodumaa! Ei vaibund kannatustes sinu vahvus, end läbi sajanditest murdsid sa ja tõusid õitsvaks sotsialismimaaks, et päikene su päevadesse paista saaks. Nüüd huuga, tehas, vili, nurmel vooga, sirp, lõika, alasile, haamer, löö! Nõukogu elu, tuksu võimsa hooga, too õnne rahvale, me tubli töö! Me Liidu rahvaste ja riike seas sa, Eesti, sammu esimeste kindlas reas! Sa kõrgel Leninlikku lippu kannad ja julgelt kommunismi rada käid. Partei me sammudele suuna annab ja võidult võitudele viib ta meid. Ta kindlal juhtimisel kasva sa ja tugevaks ning kauniks saa, me kodumaa! | And stand like a boulder, our homeland! Your courage did not subside in the sufferings, You broke yourself through the centuries, and became a flourishing socialist country, For the sun could shine in your days. Now roar! O factories, waves and cornfields! Reap! O sickle! And strike! O hammer! May the Soviet life throb in mighty swing; May happiness be brought to the folks through good labor! Among the nations and states of our Union, You, Estonia, march at the firm forefront! You're bearing Lenin's banner high, And boldly following the path of Communism. Our Party will give us direction And will lead us from victory to victory. You will grow under its firm leadership And become strong and beautiful, our Homeland! |
=Original version=
| class="wikitable"
!Estonian original !English translation |
| style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"
| ja seisa kaljuna, me kodumaa! Ei vaibund kannatustes sinu vahvus, end läbi sajanditest murdsid sa. Ja tõusid töötajate vabaks maaks, et päikene su päevadesse paista saaks. Nüüd huuga, tehas, vili, nurmel vooga, sirp, lõika, alasile, haamer, löö! Nõukogu elu, tuksu võimsa hooga, too õnne rahvale, me tubli töö! Me Liidu rahvaste ja riike seas sa, Eesti, sammu esimeste kindlas reas! Kui kants-nii seisavad su kodurannad, su ees vaid lainetavad laiad veed. Sa kõrgel Leninlikku lippu kannad suur Stalin juhtimas su tõusuteed. Käi kindlalt, saatmas sind su õnneteel me võitlusvaim ja kohkumatu mehemeel! | And stand like a boulder, our homeland! Your courage did not subside in the sufferings, You broke yourself through the centuries, And arose a socialist country in blossom, For the sun could shine in your days. Now roar! O factories, waves and cornfields! Reap! O sickle! And strike! O hammer! May the Soviet life throb in mighty swing; May happiness be brought to the folks through good labor! Among the nations and states of our Union, You, Estonia, march in the firm forefront! Your home beaches stand like a castle, Wide waters only wave before you. You're bearing Lenin's banner high, Great Stalin's leading your ascent. March steadily with our fighting spirit And bold manly mind guiding you! |
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://media.vad1.com/temporary_url_20140405ksjrf/anthem-ssr-estonian-instr-1968.mp3 Instrumental recording in MP3 format (Full version)]
- [http://media.vad1.com/temporary_url_20140405ksjrf/anthem-ssr-estonian-instr-short-1968.mp3 Instrumental recording in MP3 format (Short version)]
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IEx47X36q0s Estonian SSR Anthem 1945(Eesti NSV Hümn)]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20060526094854/http://www.nationalanthems.info/ee-ssr.mid MIDI file]
- [http://marxists.org/history/ussr/sounds/mp3/anthems/Estonia.mp3 Vocal recording in MP3 format]
- [http://david.national-anthems.net/ee-ssr.htm Lyrics - nationalanthems.info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080527153018/http://david.national-anthems.net/ee-ssr.htm |date=2008-05-27 }}
{{Anthems of the Soviet Republics}}
{{Authority control}}