Anti-Bihari sentiment
{{Short description|Discrimination against Biharis}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2016}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Synthesis|date=November 2008}}
{{Original research|date=October 2019}}
}}
{{Discrimination sidebar}}
Anti-Bihari sentiment refers to the large scale discrimination against Biharis in India. Bihar experienced slower economic growth compared to the rest of India, prompting many Biharis to migrate to other regions in search of better opportunities. Migrant workers from Bihar have often faced hostility and prejudice in these areas, with stereotypes portraying them as criminals, rapists, and traitors. Additionally, Biharis have been affected by anti-Hindi sentiment in non-Hindi speaking states, fueled by the perception that central government agencies favor Hindi over regional languages in national examinations and services.{{cite news| url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/protests-after-government-drops-tamil-from-postal-exam/story-HKxuzWyy1vUn9HLihJ477H.html | work=Hindustan Times | date=14 July 2019 | title=Tamil dropped from postal exams}}{{cite news| url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/gujarati-to-be-out-of-jee-main-from-2021/cid/1717162 | work=Telegraph India | date=6 November 2019 | title=Gujarati to be out of JEE-Main}}{{cite news | url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/anti-hindi-movement-re-surfaces-in-bengal-leader-says-bjp-s-rise-a-threat-to-regional-languages/story-waqTnAfUTHrNyqKmZyPw8N.html | work=Hindustan Times | date=6 July 2018 | title=Bengali language excluded in Bengal | access-date=12 November 2019 | archive-date=12 November 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112144038/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/anti-hindi-movement-re-surfaces-in-bengal-leader-says-bjp-s-rise-a-threat-to-regional-languages/story-waqTnAfUTHrNyqKmZyPw8N.html | url-status=dead }}{{cite news| url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/railways/irctc-promoting-hindi-via-its-ticket-booking-website-tamil-nadu-rail-users-association/articleshow/64854714.cms?from=mdr | work=The Economic Times| date=4 June 2018 | title=IRCTC promoting Hindi via its ticket booking website}}
Causes
Since the late 1980s and through to 2005, poor governance and annual flooding of Bihar by the Kosi River (also called as the Sorrow of Bihar) contributed to a crisis in the Bihar economy.{{cite web|url=http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/28318/1/WP3.pdf|title=States of Crisis in India: Comparative research in Bihar and Madhya Pradesh|publisher=DESTIN’s Development Research Centre, London|year=2001|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130720011022/http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/28318/1/WP3.pdf|archive-date=20 July 2013}} Corruption in regional politics and kidnappings of professional workers between 1990 and 2005 who spoke against the corruption contributed to an economic collapse and led to the flight of capital, middle class professionals, and business leaders to other parts of India.{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/nolpda/ukfs_news/hi/newsid_4015000/4015151.stm | work=BBC News | date=8 June 2010 | title=Index }}{{Dead link|date=July 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{cite news | url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-20911800_ITM | work=Asia Africa Intelligence Wire | title=Why businessmen are leaving Bihar | date=4 April 2004 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110114084019/http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-20911800_ITM | archive-date=14 January 2011}} This flight of business and capital increased unemployment and this led to the mass migration of Bihari farmers and unemployed youth to more developed states of India. The state has a per capita income of $536 a year against India's average of $1470 and 30.6% of the state's population lives below the poverty line against India's average of 22.15%. The level of urbanisation (10.5%) is below the national average (27.78%). Urban poverty in Bihar (32.91%) is above the national average of 23.62%. Bihar has highest population density and lowest GDP per capita in India.{{cite web|url=http://industries.bih.nic.in/Slides01/Presentation.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080910162100/http://industries.bih.nic.in/Slides01/Presentation.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=10 September 2008 |title=Deptt. of Industries |access-date=24 April 2017 }}
Impact
=Economic=
Bihar has a per capita income of $936 a year against India's average of $2,624. Given this income disparity, migrant workers moved to better paid locations and offered to work at lower rates.{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Most-Punjab-labourers-not-from-Bihar/articleshow/2760122.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021144607/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-02-06/chandigarh/27776457_1_migrant-labourers-proportion-migration|url-status=live|archive-date=21 October 2012|work=The Times of India|title=Most Punjab labourers not from Bihar|access-date=24 April 2017}} For example, in Tamil Nadu inter-state migrant construction workers are paid about ₹. 300 to ₹. 400 a day against the minimum of ₹. 750 per day.{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/02/26/stories/2008022659340400.htm|title=Archive News|access-date=24 April 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113210723/http://www.hindu.com/2008/02/26/stories/2008022659340400.htm|work=The Hindu|date=2008-02-26|archive-date=13 November 2013}} After thousands of migrant workers left Nashik, industries were worried that their costs would increase through more expensive local workers.{{cite web|url=http://www.centralchronicle.com/20080217/1702142.htm|title=Central Chronicle-Nation|access-date=24 April 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20070621052313/http://www.centralchronicle.com/20080217/1702142.htm|archive-date=21 June 2007}} In an interview with the Times of India, Raj Thackeray, leader of the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena said; "The city (Mumbai) cannot take the burden anymore. Look at our roads, our trains and parks. On the pipes that bring water to Mumbai are 40,000 huts. It is a security hazard. The footpaths too have been taken over by migrants. The message has to go to Bihar that there is no space left in Mumbai for you. After destroying the city, the migrants will go back to their villages. But where will we go then?".{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Respect-local-culture-or-suffer-Raj-Thackeray/articleshow/2770188.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021144631/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-02-10/india/27742377_1_raj-thackeray-migrant-issue-local-culture|url-status=live|archive-date=21 October 2012|work=The Times of India|title=Respect local culture or suffer: Raj Thackeray|access-date=24 April 2017}} The strain to Mumbai's infrastructure through migration has also been commented by mainstream secular politicians.{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Unchecked-influx-straining-Mumbai-Deshmukh/articleshow/2850604.cms|title=Unchecked influx straining Mumbai: Deshmukh - Times Of India|date=21 October 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021144651/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-03-10/india/27761897_1_white-paper-influx-indian-migrants |archive-date=21 October 2012 }} The Chief Minister, Vilasrao Deshmukh felt that unchecked migration had placed a strain on the basic infrastructure of the state. However, he has maintained and urged migrant Bihari workers to remain in Maharashtra, even during the height of the anti North Indian agitation.{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Nashik-exodus-continues/articleshow/2790374.cms|title=Nashik exodus continues - Times Of India|date=21 October 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021144721/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-02-18/mumbai/27776073_1_nashik-police-migrant-workers-judicial-probe |archive-date=21 October 2012 }} Sheila Dikshit, the Chief Minister of Delhi, said that because of people migrating from Bihar, Delhi's infrastructure was overburdened. She said, that "these people come to Delhi from Bihar but don't ever go back causing burden on Delhi's infrastructure."{{Cite web|url=http://www.patnadaily.com/news2007/may/051007/sheila_dixit_apologizes.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080718205445/http://www.patnadaily.com/news2007/may/051007/sheila_dixit_apologizes.html|url-status=dead|title=Sheila Dixit Tenders her Apology – PatnaDaily News|archivedate=18 July 2008}}
Violence
=Bangladesh=
{{main|Persecution of Biharis in Bangladesh}}
Many Biharis were ethnic Urdu-speakers and largely maintained a pro-Pakistani stance, supporting the Pakistan Armed Forces and opposed the independence of Bangladesh and the Bengali language movement. Biharis faced reprisals from Mukti Bahini and militias resulting in up to 150,000 Biharis killed.{{Cite book |last1=Kurtz |first1=Lester R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TG2kN033mDkC&pg=PA64 |title=Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace, and Conflict |last2=Turpin |first2=Jennifer E. |date=1999-08-10 |publisher=Academic Press |isbn=978-0-12-227010-9 |language=en}}
=Nepal=
Biharis have faced discrimination in Nepal, often being derogatorily referred to as "raddi kaghaz," "khaali botal," "sir par gamchha," or "o Bihari bhaiya."{{cite news | url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/we-dont-get-to-see-our-face-in-nepali-identity-mahanta-thakur/articleshow/50084027.cms?from=mdr | title=We don't get to see our face in Nepali identity: Mahanta Thakur | newspaper=The Economic Times | date=8 December 2015 | last1=Tiwari | first1=Ravish }}
One Bihari was killed and two others were injured when armed police of Nepal opened fire near Lalbandi border outpost.{{cite web | url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-raises-with-nepal-killing-of-bihar-man-at-border-6459161/ | title=India raises with Nepal killing of Bihar man at border | date=15 June 2020 }}
=India=
= Attack against Sikhs =
In 1984, the significant Sikh community residing in areas like Patna City, Lalji Tola, and Exhibition Road began relocating from Bihar following the 1984 anti-Sikh riots. This trend persisted into the 1990s due to deteriorating law and order conditions and increasing extortion demands. In 1984, Patna was home to over 25,000 Sikhs. However, their population has since dwindled to 4,000 as families sought security and livelihood opportunities by migrating to Punjab and other states.{{Cite web |last=Raj |first=Dev |date=2017-01-06 |title=The bitter-sweet ache of yesterday once more |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/bihar/the-bitter-sweet-ache-of-yesterday-once-more/cid/1365000 |website=Telegraph India}}
In 2022, a group of 60 Sikhs from Mohali in Punjab were returning from celebrating the birth anniversary of Guru Gobind Singh at Takht Sri Harimandir Ji in Patna. Their truck was stopped by a group of people at Dhyani Tola, who demanded a donation for a yagna and the construction of a Hanuman temple. When the driver explained that they had no money, an altercation ensued, and the local group pulled the driver from the vehicle and assaulted him. As a result, at least seven Sikh pilgrims sustained head injuries in Bihar's Bhojpur district.{{Cite web |last=Raj |first=Dev |date=2022-01-17 |title=Bihar: Extortion attack on Sikh pilgrims |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/bihar-extortion-attack-on-sikh-pilgrims/cid/1847899 |website=Telegraph India}}
=Attack against Bengalis=
Ten Thousands of bengalis were displaced from Bihar during Lalu Prasad Yadav's Jungle raj from 1989-2004. Majority of them re-settled in nearby states of Jharkhand, West Bengal etc. Bengalis were living in bihar for hundreds of years they were intentionally targeted for being soft mannered and for being non-bihari, they were all beaten up, murdered, kidnapped and their ancestral properties sieged during Lalu's era.
=Attack against Journalists=
There are 22 instances of attack on journalists in Bihar, 2nd highest in India, specially by political parties, mafias and natives.https://www.firstpost.com/india/up-bihar-registered-highest-number-of-cases-of-attacks-on-journalists-in-2014-govt-2651184.htmlThe freedom of speech and expression is lowest in Bihar in all of India.
=Lowering India's GDP per capita=
Biharis are accused of lowering India's GDP per capita by doing obsolete, extreme low-skill and low-paying jobs such as coolie, panshops, rickshaw driver, sewage worker etc. in all other parts of India.
Bihar's average GDP per capita is mere Rs. 86,000 only, some estimates says that India's GDP per capita would have been 4,500$ if UP and Bihar are excluded as these states are overpopulated.
=Protests and demonstrations=
Angry students in various parts of Bihar disrupted train traffic, as protests continued against assaults on north Indians by MNS activists in Mumbai. Noted Physician Dr Diwakar Tejaswi observed a day-long fast in Patna to protest against repeated violence by the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena (MNS) leader Raj Thackeray and his supporters.{{Cite web|url=http://patnadaily.com/news2008/oct/102208/physician_fast_to_protest.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081025142408/http://patnadaily.com/news2008/oct/102208/physician_fast_to_protest.html|url-status=dead|title=Eminent Physician Observes Day-long Fast to Protest Attack on Biharis|archivedate=25 October 2008}} Various student organisations gave a call for Bihar shutdown on 25 October 2008 to protest attacks on north Indian candidates by Maharashtra Navnirnam Sena activists during a Railway recruitment examination in Mumbai.{{Cite web|url=http://www.bihartimes.com/Newsbihar/2008/Oct/Newsbihar23Oct5.html|title=Student bodies give shutdown call in Bihar|date=13 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013064658/http://www.bihartimes.com/Newsbihar/2008/Oct/Newsbihar23Oct5.html |archive-date=13 October 2017 }}
Various cases were filed in Bihar and Jharkhand against Raj Thackeray for assaulting the students.Anand Mohan Sahay, [http://www.rediff.com/news/2008/oct/24raj1.htm Bihar: 2 more cases filed against Raj Thackeray] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111118050214/http://www.rediff.com/news/2008/oct/24raj1.htm |date=18 November 2011 }}, Patna, 23 October 2008{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2008/oct/24raj.htm|title=Jharkhand: Another case filed against Raj|access-date=24 April 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924160220/http://www.rediff.com/news/2008/oct/24raj.htm|archive-date=24 September 2015}} A murder case was also filed by Jagdish Prasad, father of Pawan Kumar, who was allegedly killed by MNS activists in Mumbai.{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2008/oct/24raj3.htm|title=Murder case against Raj Thackeray in Bihar court|access-date=24 April 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303191519/http://www.rediff.com/news/2008/oct/24raj3.htm|archive-date=3 March 2016}} Mumbai Police, however, claimed it to be a case of accident.{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/wasnt-mns-violence-bihar-boy-slipped-was-r.../377184/|title=Wasn't MNS violence: Bihar boy slipped, was run over by 3 trains - Indian Express|date=24 October 2008 |access-date=24 April 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081027211708/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/wasnt-mns-violence-bihar-boy-slipped-was-r.../377184/|archive-date=27 October 2008}} Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar announced a compensation of ₹ 1,50,000 to Pawan's family. Bihar state Congress chief, Anil Kumar Sharma, has demanded enactment of an Act by Parliament for closing opportunities to any political party or organisation that indulge in obscurantism and raise such narrow, chauvinistic issues based on regionalism to capture power.{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Cong-chief-Modi-fight-over-MNS-issue/articleshow/3634992.cms|title=Cong chief, Modi fight over MNS issue - Times Of India|date=22 October 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022024040/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-10-24/patna/27936916_1_maharashtra-navnirman-sena-mns-raj-thackeray |archive-date=22 October 2012 }} A murder case was also lodged against Raj Thackeray and 15 others in a court in Jharkhand on 1 November 2008 following the death of a train passenger last month in Maharashtra. According to the Dhanbad police, their Mumbai counterparts termed Sakaldeo's death as an accident.{{cite news| url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Raj-hit-with-murder-charge-in-Dhanbad/articleshow/3662809.cms | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022035230/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-11-02/india/27913660_1_mns-activists-murder-charge-dhanbad | url-status=live | archive-date=22 October 2012 | work=The Times of India | title=Raj hit with murder charge in Dhanbad | date=2 November 2008}} According to social scientist Dr. Shaibal Gupta, the beating of students from Bihar has consolidated Bihari sub-nationalism.Ahmad Faizan, "Bihar violence: Raj the gainer", The times of India, Pune, 27 October 2008, pp. 6
=Rahul Raj=
{{See also|Rahul Raj encounter}}
Rahul Raj, from Patna, was shot dead aboard a bus in Mumbai by the police on 27 October 2008. Rahul was 23 years old and was brandishing a pistol and not shooting at public but a major threat to public security. The Mumbai police alleged that he wanted to assassinate Raj Thackeray.{{cite news | url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/10/30/stories/2008103061141200.htm | location=Chennai, India | title=Slain youth wanted to kill Raj: police | date=30 October 2008 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211233819/http://www.hindu.com/2008/10/30/stories/2008103061141200.htm | work=The Hindu | archive-date=11 December 2008}}{{cite web |url=http://sify.com/news/imagegallery/galleryDetail.php?hcategory=13733685&hgallery=14785262 |title=Untitled Document |website=Sify |access-date=2008-11-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081110145822/http://sify.com/news/imagegallery/galleryDetail.php?hcategory=13733685&hgallery=14785262 |archive-date=10 November 2008}} Nitish Kumar questioned the police action, but R R Patil justified it, and restored public security. It was alleged that Rahul was protesting against the attacks on Bihari and Uttar Pradeshi candidates appearing for railway examinations. Mumbai crime branch is looking into the incident. During Rahul's funeral slogans of "Raj Thackeray murdabad" and "Rahul Raj amar rahe" were heard. Despite Mumbai police's allegations, there was high level government representation at the funeral. Bihar Deputy CM Sushil Kumar Modi and PHED minister Ashwini Kumar Chaubey represented the state government at the cremation which was also attended by Patna MP Ram Kripal Yadav. The bier was carried by Rahul's friends even as the district administration had arranged a flower-bedecked truck for the purpose.{{cite news| url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Rahul-cremated-amid-anti-Raj-flame/articleshow/3650980.cms | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022093107/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-10-30/patna/27905598_1_rahul-raj-ghosh-babu-d-n-guatam | url-status=live | archive-date=22 October 2012 | first1=Ravi | last1=Dayal | work=The Times of India | title=Rahul cremated amid anti-Raj flame | date=30 October 2008}}
=Attacks against Bihari people =
KOLHAPUR: A group of 15 to 20 Maharashtra Navnirman Sena members on motorcycles went berserk on Tuesday attacking migrant workers from Uttar Pradesh and
February 3, 2008 - The tirade against North Indians started with clashes between MNS and SP workers at Dadar in Mumbai. MNS chief Raj Thackeray explained that the attack was a reaction to the uncontrolled dadagiri of migrants and leaders from Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
February 5, 2008 - MNS workers also pelted stones at the offices of Bhojpuri actor Manoj Tiwari and North Indian Congress leader Sanjay Nirupam.
February 8, 2008 - MNS chief Raj Thackeray revoked the issue of Marathi pride this time lashing out at the North Indians in an article titled "Majhi bhumika, majha ladha" (My stand, my struggle) written by him in the Marathi daily Maharashtra Times.
February 12, 2008 - MNS workers destroyed government property to vent their anger against the reported move to arrest Raj.
Maharashtra Chief Minister Vilasrao Deshmukh admitted that his government was responsible for failure in preventing the attacks by MNS on north Indian candidates at Railways examination centres and ordered a probe into the incident.
October 20, 2008 - Thackeray was arrested in Ratnagiri after Mumbai police had received a non-bailable warrant issued by a Jamshedpur court against the MNS chief. The arrested again ignited violence by his supporters in large parts of the city forcing it to shut down.
2008 attacks on Uttar Pradeshi and Bihari migrants in Maharashtra
=Bhojpuri film industry relocation=
The ₹200-crore Bhojpuri film industry is considering moving out of Mumbai owing to threats from MNS workers, and growing insecurity. With an average output of 75 movies per annum and an over 250 million target audience, the Bhojpuri film industry employs hundreds of unskilled and semi-skilled people from the state in various stage of production and distribution. The industry, which has around 50 registered production houses in Mumbai, has initiated talks with Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. "We have given a proposal to the Uttar Pradesh government through its Culture Minister Subhash Pandey for setting up the industry in Lucknow. Besides, we are also counting on some other options like Delhi, Noida and Patna," Bhojpuri superstar and producer Manoj Tiwari said.{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Rajs-campaign-may-force-Bhojpuri-industry-out-of-Mumbai/articleshow/3664491.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022035258/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-11-02/mumbai/27902654_1_bhojpuri-film-mns-activists-manoj-tiwari|url-status=live|archive-date=22 October 2012|work=The Times of India|title=Raj's campaign may force Bhojpuri industry out of Mumbai|access-date=24 April 2017}} The films have a large market because the Bhojpuri diaspora is spread over countries like Mauritius, Nepal, Dubai, Guyana, West Indies, Fiji, Indonesia, Suriname and the Netherlands. 70 per cent of the total production cost of a Bhojpuri film — budgets of which range from ₹80 lakh to ₹1.25 crore — is usually spent in Maharashtra, providing direct employment to junior artists, make-up men, spot boys and local studios among others.
=Improving Bihar=
However, the state government, post 2005, has made an effort to improve the economic condition of the state, and reduce the need for migration. In 2008, the state government approved over ₹ 70,000 crore worth of investment, has had record tax collection, broken the political-criminal nexus, made improvements in power supply to villages, towns and cities. Bihar, a state fraught with abject poverty, has come out on top as the fastest growing state second year in a row, with a striking 13.1 percent growth in 2011–2012. Its economy has also grown bigger than that of Punjab — the prime destination for Bihari workers.{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20080057141&ch=7/15/2008%201:11:00%20AM|title=NDTV.com: Bihar witnesses a quiet transformation|access-date=24 April 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080805192411/http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20080057141|archive-date=5 August 2008}} They have laid greater emphasis on education and learning by appointing more teachers,{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20080043399&ch=3/8/2008%2011:32:00%20AM|title=NDTV.com: English makes inroads in Bihar villages|access-date=24 April 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080309185254/http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20080043399|archive-date=9 March 2008}} and opening a software park. State Ministers who have failed to live up to election commitments have been dismissed.{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20080046748|title=NDTV.com: Nitish drops 8 JD(U) ministers ahead of Cabinet expansion|access-date=24 April 2017}} Bihar's GSDP grew by 18% over the period 2006–2007, which was higher than in the past 10 years and one of the highest recorded by the Government of India for that period.{{cite web|url=http://mospi.nic.in/6_gsdp_cur_9394ser.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-02-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231836/http://mospi.nic.in/6_gsdp_cur_9394ser.htm |archive-date=3 March 2016 }}
=Other consequences=
Since November 2005, there has been a significant fall in the number of migrant workers in many parts of India. After the early 2008 migrant crisis and bombing of the Bhojpuri cinema hall in Punjab, Biharis have decided to stay away from states of the North East and Punjab.{{cite web|url=http://www.bihartimes.com/newsbihar/2008/June/newsbihar3June1.html|title=Shortage of Bihari labourers in Punjab to hit kharif crops|access-date=24 April 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100825075810/http://bihartimes.com/newsbihar/2008/June/newsbihar3June1.html|archive-date=25 August 2010}}{{cite web|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/Punjab-slips-in-agricultural-production-Bihar-showing-remarkable-move-study/253505/|title=Punjab slips in agricultural production, Bihar showing remarkable move: study|date=24 December 2007 |access-date=24 April 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091220121435/http://www.financialexpress.com/news/punjab-slips-in-agricultural-production-bihar-showing-remarkable-move-study/253505|archive-date=20 December 2009}}{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20080048585|title=NDTV.com: Migrants return to Maharashtra amid fear|access-date=24 April 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080604145637/http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20080048585|archive-date=4 June 2008}}{{Cite web|url=http://bihartimes.com/newsbihar/2008/Aug/newsbihar19Aug2.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080822212619/http://bihartimes.com/newsbihar/2008/Aug/newsbihar19Aug2.html|url-status=dead|title=Bihari labourers leaving J & K, but not stopping in Punjab|archivedate=22 August 2008|website=bihartimes.com}} Culturally, Biharis appear to have rejected a film based heavily on Punjabi culture. In August 2008, a film called Singh Is Kinng starring Akshay Kumar which was a superhit in India, flopped in Bihar. Bihar has been where Akshay Kumar's films, from Jaanwar to Hey Babyy, have acquired a blockbuster status. In this case, the heavy usage of Punjabi language, culture was said to be the main cause of the movie being rejected by Bihari audiences.{{cite web |url=http://sify.com/movies/bollywood/fullstory.php?id=14743242 |title=Singh Is Kinng bombs in Bihar |website=Sify |date=2008-08-20 |access-date=2013-06-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626134037/http://www.sify.com/movies/bollywood/fullstory.php?id=14743242 |archive-date=26 June 2015}}
==Assam==
Veer Lachit Sena gathered at a petrol pump in Guwahati, haranguing two of its employees – Tuntun Kumar and Govindagiri, both from Bihar, “Hey Biharis, you want a beating?” shouts someone else as the two employees are shoved and heckled.Singh claimed the Lachit Sena also hit 31-year-old Govindagiri, who left Assam soon afterwards. "They have told us, not a single Bihari should be seen", recounted Singh.{{Cite web |last=Zaman |first=Rokibuz |date=2022-01-18 |title='Not a single Bihari should be seen': Inside the Veer Lachit Sena's war on 'outsiders' in Assam |url=https://scroll.in/article/1015245/not-a-single-bihari-should-be-seen-inside-the-veer-lachit-senas-war-on-outsiders-in-assam |access-date=2023-06-02 |website=Scroll.in |language=en-US}}
Karbi Longri National Liberation Front militants from the Karbi tribe called three Bihari men out of their homes and shot them dead in Bamuni Sukanjuri village in central Assam’s Nagaon district.{{Cite web |title=Rebels kill 3 Biharis in Assam - Fears of Karbi hate campaign rerun |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/rebels-kill-3-biharis-in-assam-fears-of-karbi-hate-campaign-rerun/cid/524560 |access-date=2023-06-02 |website=www.telegraphindia.com |language=en}}
==Delhi==
A student at Delhi University's Kirori Mal College was assaulted by a group of fellow students. The student reported that he was targeted for money and referred to as "Bihar wala". He stated that they would demand money and say, "You are from Bihar. Things don't work your way," indicating discrimination based on his Bihari background.{{Cite web |date=2018-04-11 |title=Delhi University shocker! Kirori Mal College student beaten up, targeted for being 'UP-Bihar wala' |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/delhi-university-shocker-kirori-mal-college-student-beaten-up-targeted-for-being-up-bihar-wala/1129160/ |access-date=2023-06-02 |website=Financialexpress |language=en}}
Arvind Kejriwal, former CM of Delhi stated that "Fake voters are being brought from Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, In last 15 days, 13,000 applications came for new votes have come.Fake votes are made by bringing people from UP & Bihar".https://www-prabhatkhabar-com.translate.goog/state/delhi/arvind-kejriwal-blame-bjp-fake-voter-from-up-bihar-demands-cancellation-parvesh-verma-candidature?_x_tr_sl=ml&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp
==Punjab==
An elderly woman from Bihar was mercilessly beaten multiple times by two Sikh men for allegedly smoking inside the Golden Temple complex.{{Cite web |date=2022-03-18 |title=Elderly woman 'found smoking' at Golden Temple assaulted |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/elderly-woman-found-smoking-at-golden-temple-assaulted-101647546214430.html |access-date=2023-06-02 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}
A man from Patna was beaten to death for allegedly trying to remove a religious flag from a gurdwara in Kapurthala district. The man allegedly tried to remove Nishan Sahib, a religious flag of the Sikhs, from atop a gurdwara in Nizampur. He was caught and subsequently beaten to death.{{Cite web |title=Bihar woman claims person lynched in Kapurthala is her brother |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/bihar-woman-claims-person-lynched-in-kapurthala-is-her-brother-1890104-2021-12-20 |access-date=2023-06-02 |website=India Today |date=20 December 2021 |language=en}}
==Haryana==
An MLA from Haryana made a remark "Bihar girls for Haryana men". The Bihar Women's Commission took suo motu cognizance of reports about the leader's remark, and issued notice to him.{{cite web | url=https://www.daijiworld.com/news/newsDisplay?newsID=246799 | title=Uproar over BJP leader's 'Bihar girls for Haryana men' remark, case filed }}
In Haryana, there was one instance of the family of a woman from Bihar who was paid just ₹. 1000 for marrying off their Bihari daughter. An NGO found 27 Bihari women, were married off to Haryana men, With prices ranging for ₹ 10,000 upto 1.5 Lakh. {{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/in-haryana-get-a-bride-for-rs-1000-from-bihar/articleshow/7003264.cms | title=In Haryana, get a bride for Rs 1,000 from Bihar | newspaper=The Times of India | date=28 November 2010 }}
Union minister Piyush Goya said that "If it were up to them, they would turn the whole country into Bihar".{{Cite web |last=Gupta |first=Shubhangi |date=2022-12-21 |title=Manoj Jha slams Piyush Goyal's '…Bihar bana de' remark': 'Smacked of elitism' |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/manoj-jha-slams-piyush-goyal-s-bihar-bana-de-remark-smacked-of-elitism-101671628498178.html |website=Hindustan Times}}
==Maharashtra==
{{main|19 October 2008 All-India Railway Recruitment Board examination attack}}
North Indian students, including students from Bihar, preparing for the railway entrance exam were attacked by supporters of Raj Thackeray's far right MNS party in Mumbai on 20 October 2008. One student from Bihar was killed during the attacks.{{Cite news|title=Bihar CM announces ex-gratia for student killed in MNS attack}} Four people were killed and another seriously injured in the violence that broke out in a village near Kalyan following the arrest of MNS chief Raj Thackeray.{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Four-killed-in-clash-after-Rajs-arrest/articleshow/3626619.cms|title=Four killed in clash after Raj's arrest - Times Of India|date=22 October 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022023620/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-10-22/mumbai/27908835_1_raj-thackeray-mns-kalyan |archive-date=22 October 2012 }} Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar demanded action against the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena activists and full security to students. Nitish Kumar requested Maharashtra Chief Minister Vilasrao Deshmukh intervention. Kumar directed the additional director general of police to contact senior police officials in Maharashtra and compile a report on Sunday's incident and asked the home commissioner to hold talks with the Maharashtra home secretary to seek protection for people from Bihar.Sahay Anand Mohan, [http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=52551&n_tit=Nitish+Kumar+Demands+Stern+Action+against+MNS+Activists Nitish+Kumar+Demands+Stern Nitish Kumar Demands Stern Action against MNS Activists] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928063028/http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=52551&n_tit=Nitish+Kumar+Demands+Stern+Action+against+MNS+Activists |date=28 September 2011 }}, daijiworld, 20 October 2008 In 2003, the Shiv Sena alleged that of the 500 Maharashtrian candidates, only ten of them successful in the Railways exams.{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/HC-issues-notice-to-Nitish-on-rail-jobs/articleshow/323500.cms|title=HC issues notice to Nitish on rail jobs - Times Of India|date=22 October 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022024047/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2003-11-26/mumbai/27190644_1_railway-minister-hc-issues-notice-recruitment-process |archive-date=22 October 2012 }} 90 per cent of the successful candidates were alleged to be from Bihar. Activists from the Shiv Sena ransacked a railway recruitment office in protest against non-Marathi's being among the 650,000 candidates set to compete for 2,200 railway jobs in the state.{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/3227782.stm|title=BBC NEWS - South Asia - Threats hit India rail job drive|date=21 November 2003 |access-date=24 April 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040515201355/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/3227782.stm|archive-date=15 May 2004}} Eventually, after attacks on Biharis heading towards Mumbai for exams, the central government delayed the exams.
Here it is noteworthy that leaders from Bihar including Lalu Prasad Yadav and Ram Vilas Paswan were the Minister for Railways for a long time. Raj Thackeray alleged that there was a preference for the North Indian candidates by these ministers.{{cite news| url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Take-railway-exam-Raj-tells-Marathi-youth/articleshow/7421168.cms| work=The Times of India| date=3 February 2011 | title=Raj Thackerey alleges discrimination in RRB}} He also lauded the next Railway minister Mamata Banerjee for including regional languages in the Railway Recruitment Board exams allowing a level playing field for Marathis and other non-Hindi speakers.{{cite news| url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/Raj-Thackeray-lauds-Mamata-on-railway-exams/article16850851.ece| work=The Hindu | date=1 December 2009 | title=Raj Thackeray lauds Mamata on railway exams}}
==North East states==
Biharis have sought work in many states that form part of North East India. There were significant communities in Assam, Nagaland, and Manipur. Biharis who come to work as labourers are frequently and especially targeted in Assam by ULFA militants. There is a fear amongst the local population that Bihari migrants will dominate and annihilate the regional culture and the language. As with all migrations in history, this has created tensions with the local population, which has resulted in large scale violence. In 2000 and 2003, anti-Bihari violence led to the deaths of up to 200 people,{{cite web|url=http://www.patnadaily.com/news2007/jan/010507/biharis_killed_in_assam.html |title=40 Bihari Workers Killed by ULFA - PatnaDaily News |access-date=24 April 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090211042318/http://www.patnadaily.com/news2007/jan/010507/biharis_killed_in_assam.html |archive-date=11 February 2009 }} and created 10,000 internal refugees.{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2003/nov/26mani.htm|title=AMSU against influx of Biharis to Manipur|access-date=24 April 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304034317/http://www.rediff.com/news/2003/nov/26mani.htm|archive-date=4 March 2016}}{{cite web|url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-19514832_ITM|title=Apps - Access My Library - Gale|access-date=24 April 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509053352/http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-19514832_ITM|archive-date=9 May 2013}}{{cite web|url=http://www.theage.com.au/cgi-bin/common/popupPrintArticle.pl?path=/articles/2003/11/21/1069027275426.html|title=Print Article: Hundreds flee ethnic violence|access-date=24 April 2017}} Similar violent incidents have also taken place recently in Manipur and Assam.{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/14-migrant-workers-killed-in-Manipur/articleshow/2879664.cms|title=14 migrant workers killed in Manipur - Times Of India|date=22 October 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022024139/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-03-19/india/27783203_1_hindi-speaking-people-thoubal-migrant-workers |archive-date=22 October 2012 }}{{cite news | url=http://www.hindu.com/2003/11/17/stories/2003111705861100.htm | location=Chennai, India | title=Violence against Biharis in Assam continues | date=17 November 2003 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081003223105/http://www.hindu.com/2003/11/17/stories/2003111705861100.htm | work=The Hindu | archive-date=3 October 2008}} According to K P S Gill waves of xenophobic violence have swept across Assam repeatedly since 1979, targeting Bangladeshis and Biharis.K P S Gill, [http://www.sinlung.com/?p=804 ‘Outsiders’ must be welcomed] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081005190118/http://www.sinlung.com/?p=804 |date=5 October 2008 }}, Sinlung, 22 March 2008, "But Manipur is not alone in these isolationist excesses. In neighbouring Assam, six migrant workers have been killed in two attacks this year, and as many as 88 were killed, and 33 injured in 12 such incidents in 2007. Indeed, waves of xenophobic violence have swept across Assam repeatedly since 1979, variously targeting Bangladeshis, Bengalis, Biharis and Marwaris." Recently in Jharkhand which was part of erstwhile Bihar also witnessed anti Bihari sentiments as the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha opposed celebration of Chhath festival calling it domination of Biharis.
==Rajasthan==
On 13 May 2016, a student named Satyarth was beaten to death and another student was injured in an incident that occurred in Kota, Rajasthan. Regarding the event BJP MLA Bhawani Singh Rajawat of Kota stated that "Students from Bihar are spoiling the atmosphere of city and they must be driven out of the city."{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/bihar-students-kota-murder-bjp-mla-bhawani-singh-rajawat-2799510/lite/|title=Bihar students spoiling atmosphere, must be driven out of Kota, says BJP MLA|date=13 May 2016|access-date=24 April 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170420143328/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/bihar-students-kota-murder-bjp-mla-bhawani-singh-rajawat-2799510/lite/|archive-date=20 April 2017}}
The government in Rajasthan assured full protection to students from Bihar, after ragging{{clarify|date=May 2020}} incidents of Bihari students in a private engineering college in Udaipur surfaced.{{cite news| url=http://www.zeenews.com/news593340.html | work=Zee News | title=Rajasthan assures full protection to Bihar Students:CM | date=7 January 2010}} Lalu Prasad Yadav and Ram Vilas Paswan flayed the attacks on Bihari students in Rajasthan saying that the students were subjected to insult, torture and assaulted with sticks when they protested. Former chief minister Rabri Devi called upon the chief minister to take necessary action and assure the safety of the students. According to reports, several Bihari students were thrashed during the ragging.{{cite news | url=http://www.bihartimes.in/Newsbihar/2010/Jan/Newsbihar07Jan6.html | work=Bihar Times | title=Lalu, Ram Vilas flay attack on Bihari students in Udaipur | date=7 January 2010 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110712154849/http://www.bihartimes.in/Newsbihar/2010/Jan/Newsbihar07Jan6.html | archive-date=12 July 2011| access-date=19 May 2011 }}
==Gujarat==
{{main|2018 attacks on Hindi-speaking migrants in Gujarat}}
In October 2018, there were incidents of attacks on Hindi-speaking migrants in Gujarat after the alleged rape of a 14-month-old in a village near Himmatnagar in north Gujarat by a Bihari. The attacks triggered the exodus of the migrants.{{Cite news|url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/hundreds-of-up-bihar-migrants-flee-gujarat-after-rape-backlash-triggers-attacks-1901445.html|title=UP, Bihar Migrants Flee Gujarat After 'Rape Backlash' Triggers Attacks; 342 Arrested|last=Sharon|first=Meghdoot|date=2018-10-07|work=News18|access-date=2018-10-08}}
== Karnataka ==
A video of a man, purportedly from Muzaffarpur in Bihar, accusing three people in Rajajinagar of abusing and harassing him as he did not speak Kannada went viral.https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2023/Apr/13/man-says-abused-for-being-bihari-probe-on-inkarnataka-2565694.html
== Kerala ==
A 36-year-old Bihar native was allegedly beaten to death by locals in Kerala’s Malappuram after being suspected of theft, official said on Monday.{{Cite web |last=Live |first=A. P. N. |date=2023-05-15 |title=Bihar man beaten to death in Kerala over theft suspicion, 9 held |url=https://apnlive.com/india-news/bihar-man-killed-kerala/ |access-date=2023-06-02 |website=APN News |language=en-US}}
== Himachal==
Himachal CM blamed Bihari architects for low standard of buildings in his state, he further stated that "The houses which are collapsing these days have not gone through the standards of structural engineering. The migrant architects (masons), whom I call ‘Bihari architects’, come here and construct floor on floor. We do not have local masons".{{Cite web |last=Mukhopadhyay |first=Sounak |date=2023-08-17 |title=Himachal Pradesh CM blames ‘Bihari architects’ for destruction in the state, says hills have been ‘wrongly cut’ |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/himachal-pradesh-cm-blames-bihari-architects-for-destruction-in-the-state-says-hills-have-been-wrongly-cut-11692252643296.html |website=mint}}
== Goa ==
Goa Chief Minister Pramod Sawant has said that about 90% of the crimes in the coastal State are committed by migrant labourers from Bihar.{{cite news | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/90-of-crimes-in-goa-due-to-migrant-labourers-from-bihar-uttar-pradesh-cm-sawant/article66802587.ece | title=90% of crimes in Goa due to migrant labourers from Bihar, Uttar Pradesh: CM Sawant | newspaper=The Hindu | date=2 May 2023 }}
==Bengal==
In Bengal, Bengali community use a slang called Gutkha khor (who chew gutkha) to describe bihari origin people.
During 2021 election campaign, cm "Mamata Banerjee" had described them as Bohiragoto (not native/outsiders).
In 2019, Bihar passengers were beaten up in Bengal over regional identity,
In an incident of hate crime, passengers on board a Patna-bound bus on Saturday alleged that they were beaten up by a group men over their regional identity in Bardhaman district of West Bengal.{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=9 June 2019 |title=Bihar passengers beaten up in Bengal over regional identity |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/bihar-passengers-beaten-up-in-bengal-over-regional-identity-119060900388_1.html |website=www.business-standard.com}}
TMC MP "Mahua Moitra" called BJP MP and panel member Nishikant Dubey as Bihari gunda.
=Fake domicile scam=
{{unsourced section|date=November 2024}}
Biharis have been caught multiple times for obtaining fake certificate or stealing others certificate, especially birth certificate, school certificate, college certificate and other state domicile.https://www.millenniumpost.in/nation/jalpaiguri-bihar-youth-arrested-for-attempting-to-obtain-domicile-certificate-with-fake-documents-580733/
In 2024, just before Durga Puja, two Bihari students were beaten in Siliguri. They were carrying fake domicile certificate of Bengal.https://www.millenniumpost.in/nation/jalpaiguri-bihar-youth-arrested-for-attempting-to-obtain-domicile-certificate-with-fake-documents-580733
= Extramarital affairs=
According to Ex-Bihar CM Manjhi, 90 per cent men date other people's wives in Bihar, on his own son being caught having an affair with married police woman in August 2014. Many of the crimes happen in Bihar due to extramarital affairs.https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/jeetan-ram-manjhi-extra-marital-affair-dating-others-wives-patna-eco-park-jitanram-manjhi-240585-2015-02-16
Controversial statements
=Editorial by Bal Thackeray=
Shiv Sena leader, Bal Thackeray, commented in the Shiv Sena newspaper, Samnna on why Biharis are disliked outside eastern states. He quoted part of a text message as the title of his article. The message suggests that Biharis bring diseases, violence, job insecurity, and domination, wherever they go. The text message says, "Ēka Bihārī, sau bīmārī. Dō Bihārī, laḍa़āī kī taiyārī. Tīna Bihārī ṭrēna hamārī aura pām̐ca Bihārī tō sarakāra hamārī." (One Bihari equals hundred diseases, Two Biharis is preparing for fight, Three Biharis it is a train hijack, and five Biharis will try to form the ruling Government).[http://www.eweekdays.com/its-bal-thakreys-turn-nowsays-ek-bihari-sau-beemarimaharastra-cm-assures-of-action-against-him-in-reply/ Its Bal Thakrey's turn now, says 'Ek Bihari Sau Beemari', Maharastra CM assures of action against him in reply | eWeekdays.com] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081004033549/http://www.eweekdays.com/its-bal-thakreys-turn-nowsays-ek-bihari-sau-beemarimaharastra-cm-assures-of-action-against-him-in-reply/ |date=4 October 2008 }}{{cite web|url=http://www.bihartimes.com/newsbihar/2008/march/newsbihar05march6.html|title=Biharis are an affliction, says Bal Thackeray|access-date=24 April 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080510232211/http://bihartimes.com/newsbihar/2008/march/newsbihar05march6.html|archive-date=10 May 2008}} Nitish kumar, the Chief Minister of Bihar, and the Union Railway Minister, Lalu Prasad Yadav, protested against the remark, demanding official condemnation of Bal Thackeray. Kumar, during a press report at Patna Airport, said, "If Manmohan Singh fails to intervene in what is happening in Maharashtra, it would mean only one thing – he is not interested in resolving the issue and that would not be good for the leader of the nation". Angered by Thackeray's insulting remark against the Bihari community, Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) activists burned the effigy of the Shiv Sena chief at Kargil Chowk in Patna and said that the senior Thackeray had completely lost his marbles and needed to be immediately committed in a mental asylum.{{cite web|url=http://www.patnadaily.com/news2008/mar/030508/thackeray_insults_bihar.html|title=Bal Thackeray Insults Entire Bihar|access-date=24 April 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202073224/http://www.patnadaily.com/news2008/mar/030508/thackeray_insults_bihar.html|archive-date=2 December 2008}}
Consequences
=Protests and demonstrations=
Angry students in various parts of Bihar disrupted train traffic, as protests continued against assaults on north Indians by MNS activists in Mumbai. Noted Physician Dr Diwakar Tejaswi observed a day-long fast in Patna to protest against repeated violence by the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena (MNS) leader Raj Thackeray and his supporters. Various student organisations gave a call for Bihar shutdown on 25 October 2008 to protest attacks on north Indian candidates by Maharashtra Navnirnam Sena activists during a Railway recruitment examination in Mumbai.
Various cases were filed in Bihar and Jharkhand against Raj Thackeray for assaulting the students. A murder case was also filed by Jagdish Prasad, father of Pawan Kumar, who was allegedly killed by MNS activists in Mumbai. Mumbai Police, however, claimed it to be a case of accident. Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar announced a compensation of ₹ 1,50,000 to Pawan's family. Bihar state Congress chief, Anil Kumar Sharma, has demanded enactment of an Act by Parliament for closing opportunities to any political party or organisation that indulge in obscurantism and raise such narrow, chauvinistic issues based on regionalism to capture power. A murder case was also lodged against Raj Thackeray and 15 others in a court in Jharkhand on 1 November 2008 following the death of a train passenger last month in Maharashtra. According to the Dhanbad police, their Mumbai counterparts termed Sakaldeo's death as an accident. According to social scientist Dr. Shaibal Gupta, the beating of students from Bihar has consolidated Bihari sub-nationalism.
=Rahul Raj=
{{See also|Rahul Raj encounter}}
Rahul Raj, from Patna, was shot dead aboard a bus in Mumbai by the police on 27 October 2008. Rahul was 23 years old and was brandishing a pistol and not shooting at public but a major threat to public security. The Mumbai police alleged that he wanted to assassinate Raj Thackeray. Nitish Kumar questioned the police action, but R R Patil justified it, and restored public security. It was alleged that Rahul was protesting against the attacks on Bihari and Uttar Pradeshi candidates appearing for railway examinations. Mumbai crime branch is looking into the incident. During Rahul's funeral slogans of "Raj Thackeray murdabad" and "Rahul Raj amar rahe" were heard. Despite Mumbai police's allegations, there was high level government representation at the funeral. Bihar Deputy CM Sushil Kumar Modi and PHED minister Ashwini Kumar Chaubey represented the state government at the cremation which was also attended by Patna MP Ram Kripal Yadav. The bier was carried by Rahul's friends even as the district administration had arranged a flower-bedecked truck for the purpose.
=Attacks against Marathis=
After the October 2008 anti-Bihari attacks in Maharashtra, members of the Bharatiya Bhojpuri Sangh (BBS) vandalised the official residence of Tata Motors Jamshedpur plant head S.B. Borwankar, a Maharashtrian. Armed with lathis and hockey sticks, more than 100 BBS members trooped to Borwankar's Nildih Road bungalow around 3.30 pm. Shouting anti-MNS slogans, they smashed windowpanes and broke flowerpots. BBS president Anand Bihari Dubey called the attack on Borwankar's residence unfortunate, and said that he knew BBS members were angry after the attack in Maharashtra on Biharis, but did not expect a reaction. Fear of further violence gripped the 4,000-odd Maharashtrians settlers living in and around the city.{{cite news |last=Thaker |first=Jayesh |date=22 October 2008 |title=Hate campaign spills over – House of Tata official attacked |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1081022/jsp/jharkhand/story_10002252.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081025143422/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1081022/jsp/jharkhand/story_10002252.jsp |archive-date=25 October 2008 |work=The Telegraph |location=Calcutta, India}}{{cite web |title=Tata officer's bungalow ransacked in Jamshedpur |url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/top-tata-officers-bungalow-ransacked/76413-3.htmlTop |access-date=24 April 2017}} Two air-conditioned bogies of the train Vikramshila Express – reportedly with Maharashtrian passengers on board – were set on fire in Barh area of Bihar. Hundreds of slogan-shouting students surrounded Barh railway station in rural Patna demanding that MNS leader Raj Thackeray be tried for sedition. No one was reported injured and passengers fled soon as the attackers started setting the bogies on fire.{{cite web |title=Story in pics: Train torched in Bihar |url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/rage-against-raj-in-bihar-train-set-on-fire/76447-3.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081025110419/http://www.ibnlive.com/news/rage-against-raj-in-bihar-train-set-on-fire/76447-3.html |archive-date=25 October 2008 |access-date=24 April 2017}}
In another incident, a senior woman government official in Bihar, with the surname Thackeray, was the target of an angry mob that surrounded her office and shouted slogans against her in Purnia district. Ashwini Dattarey Thackeray was the target of a mob of over 200 people. The mob, led by a local leader of the Lok Janashakti Party, surrounded Thackeray's office in Purnia, about 350 km from here, and shouted slogans like, "Go back Maharashtrians" and "Officer go back, we do not need your services".{{cite web |date=2008-11-01 |title=Woman IAS officer targeted in Bihar for Thackeray surname - Thaindian News |url=http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/uncategorized/woman-ias-officer-targeted-in-bihar-for-thackeray-surname_100113903.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319131254/http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/uncategorized/woman-ias-officer-targeted-in-bihar-for-thackeray-surname_100113903.html |archive-date=19 March 2012 |access-date=2013-06-07 |publisher=Thaindian.com}}
A gang of 25 people pelted stones on the Maharashtra Bhawan in Khalasi Line, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. Constructed in 1928, the building is owned by the lone trust run by Marathis in Kanpur. It has served as an important venue for prominent festivals, including Ganesh Utsav and Krishna Janmastami. On 29 October, in Ghaziabad, Marathi students at Mahanand Mission Harijan PG College were attacked, allegedly by an Uttar Pradesh student leader and his friends. Police sources in Ghaziabad confirmed the victims stated in their FIR that the attackers "mentioned Rahul Raj and Dharam Dev" while kicking them in their hostel rooms.{{cite news |date=4 November 2008 |title=Marathi pupils cower on campus |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1081104/jsp/nation/story_10060017.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101227152452/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1081104/jsp/nation/story_10060017.jsp |archive-date=27 December 2010 |work=The Telegraph |location=Calcutta, India}} A group of 20 youths, from Bihar, attacked Maharashtra Sadan in the capital on 3 November. The Rashtrawadi Sena has claimed responsibility for the attack. They ransacked the reception of the building and raised slogans against Raj Thackeray.{{cite web |date=2008-11-03 |title=N Indian youths attack Maharashtra Sadan |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/north-indian-youths-attack-maharashtra-sadan-in-delhi/77345-3.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010181324/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/north-indian-youths-attack-maharashtra-sadan-in-delhi/77345-3.html |archive-date=10 October 2012 |access-date=2013-06-07 |publisher=Ibnlive.in.com}}
=Bhojpuri film industry relocation=
The ₹200-crore Bhojpuri film industry is considering moving out of Mumbai owing to threats from MNS workers, and growing insecurity. With an average output of 75 movies per annum and an over 250 million target audience, the Bhojpuri film industry employs hundreds of unskilled and semi-skilled people from the state in various stage of production and distribution. The industry, which has around 50 registered production houses in Mumbai, has initiated talks with Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. "We have given a proposal to the Uttar Pradesh government through its Culture Minister Subhash Pandey for setting up the industry in Lucknow. Besides, we are also counting on some other options like Delhi, Noida and Patna," Bhojpuri superstar and producer Manoj Tiwari said. The films have a large market because the Bhojpuri diaspora is spread over countries like Mauritius, Nepal, Dubai, Guyana, West Indies, Fiji, Indonesia, Suriname and the Netherlands. 70 per cent of the total production cost of a Bhojpuri film — budgets of which range from ₹ 80 lakh to ₹ 1.25 crore — is usually spent in Maharashtra, providing direct employment to junior artists, make-up men, spot boys and local studios among others.
=Improving Bihar=
However, the state government, post 2005, has made an effort to improve the economic condition of the state, and reduce the need for migration. In 2008, the state government approved over ₹ 70,000 crore worth of investment, has had record tax collection, broken the political-criminal nexus, made improvements in power supply to villages, towns and cities. Bihar, a state fraught with abject poverty, has come out on top as the fastest growing state second year in a row, with a striking 13.1 percent growth in 2011–2012. Its economy has also grown bigger than that of Punjab — the prime destination for Bihari workers. They have laid greater emphasis on education and learning by appointing more teachers, and opening a software park. State Ministers who have failed to live up to election commitments have been dismissed. Bihar's GSDP grew by 18% over the period 2006–2007, which was higher than in the past 10 years and one of the highest recorded by the Government of India for that period.
See also
References
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{{Discrimination}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Anti-Bihari Sentiment In India}}