Antidorus of Cyme
Antidorus ({{langx|grc|Ἀντίδωρος}}) of Cyme or Cumae was a Greek grammarian. He influenced Eratosthenes,{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EZuetiBvK-wC&pg=PA55|title=Ancient Scholarship and Grammar: Archetypes, Concepts and Contexts|last=Matthaios|first=Stephanos|publisher=Walter De Gruyter|isbn=978-3-11-025404-4|editor-last=Matthaios|editor-first=Stephanos|series=Trends in Classics – Supplementary Volumes|volume=8|publication-date=February 2011|pages=55–86|chapter=Eratosthenes of Cyrene: Readings of his ‘Grammar’ Definition|year=2011|doi=10.1515/9783110254044.55|editor-last2=Montanari|editor-first2=Franco|editor-last3=Rengakos|editor-first3=Antonios}} chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria. He played a role in the development of the science of grammar,{{cite book|first1=Stephanos |last1=Matthaios |first2=Franco |last2=Montanari |first3=Antonios |last3=Rengakos | url =https://books.google.com/books?id=EZuetiBvK-wC&pg=PA67 | title = Ancient Scholarship and Grammar: Archetypes, Concepts and Contexts | publisher = Walter de Gruyter| accessdate = 2011-12-11| isbn = 9783110254037 | year = 2011 }} which emerged during his time as a noted grammarian between 340–330 BC.{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/historyofclassic01sandiala#page/6/mode/2up|title=A History of Classical Scholarship: From the Sixth Century B.C. to the End of the Middle Ages|last=Sandys|first=John Edwin|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1921|isbn=|edition=Third|volume=1|author-link=John Sandys (classicist)|accessdate=2011-11-06|orig-year=1903}} Thus he lived in the time of Alexander the Great.
Various definitions of grammar
In Ancient Greece, the term γραμματική (grammar) had many meanings that evolved over time:
- The term ″grammarian″ as understood in the earlier classical sense: knowledge of the letters of the alphabet (this being the common meaning) and the number of alphabets known; thus implying a person knowing how to read.
- As understanding developed, the term was used for a teacher of reading. Theagenes of Rhegium (floruit 550 BC) was the earliest allegorical interpreter of Homer, and thus perhaps the first person to have the term γραμματική acceptably applied.
- During the Alexandrian age, it meant "a student of literature, especially of poetry".
Arguments
According to a tradition, the first person to have a developed designation of γραμματικός applied to his activities, ergo himself{{clarify|date=April 2019}} was a pupil of Theophrastus, the philosopher of the peripatetic school of Praxiphanes of Rhodes, active and flourishing about 300 BC, although another tradition suggests that Antidorus might instead have been the first γραμματικός.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=loI8AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA415|title=Horace on Poetry: Epistles Book II: The Letters to Augustus and Florus|last=Brink|first=Charles Oscar|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1982|isbn=0-521-20069-5|author-link=Charles Oscar Brink|access-date=2011-11-06}}
{{quote|They say that Antidorus of Chyme was the first person to call himself a grammarian; he wrote a treatise about Homer and Hesiod {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lnCXI9oFeroC&pg=PA267|title=Hesiod: Theogony, Works and days, Testimonia|last=|first=|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=2006|isbn=0-674-99622-4|location=|page=267|translator-last=Most|translator-first=Glenn W.|author-link=Hesiod|access-date=2011-11-06|translator-link=Glenn W. Most}}|sign=|source=}}
See also
References
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Category:Year of birth unknown
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