Antlia Cluster

{{Galaxy cluster

| name = Antlia Cluster

| image = DECam Deep View of the Antlia Cluster (noirlab2501a).jpg

| caption = DECam Deep View of the Antlia Cluster

| credit =

| epoch = J2000

| ra = {{RA|10|30|03.5}}{{cite web | title= NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database | work= Results for NGC 7424 | url= http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu | access-date= 26 Nov 2008 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081216032441/http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/ | archive-date= 16 December 2008 | url-status= live }}

| dec = {{DEC|-35|19|24}}

| constellation = Antlia

| member_no = 254

| brightest_member = NGC 3268, NGC 3258

| richness = 0{{cite journal

| last1 = Abell

| first1 = George O.

| author-link1 = George O. Abell

| last2 = Corwin

| first2 = Harold G. Jr.

| author-link2 = Harold G. Corwin

| last3 = Olowin

| first3 = Ronald P.

| author-link3 = Ronald P. Olowin

|date=May 1989

| title = A catalog of rich clusters of galaxies

| journal = Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

| volume = 70

| issue = May 1989

| pages = 1–138

| issn = 0067-0049

| bibcode = 1989ApJS...70....1A

| doi = 10.1086/191333 | doi-access = free

}}

| bmtype = I-II

| redshift = 0.0087{{cite journal

| last1 = Nakazawa

| first1 = Kazuhiro

| last2 = Makishima

| first2 = Kazuo

| last3 = Fukazawa

| first3 = Yasushi

| last4 = Tamura

| first4 = Takayuki

|date=August 2000

| title = ASCA Observations of a Near-by Cluster in Antlia

| journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan

| volume = 52

| issue = 4

| pages = 623–630

| location = Tokyo, Japan

| publisher = PASJ

| doi = 10.1093/pasj/52.4.623

| bibcode = 2000PASJ...52..623N

| doi-access = free

}}

| distance = {{convert|40.7|Mpc|Mly|1|abbr=on|lk=on}}{{cite journal

| last1 = Dirsch

| first1 = B.

| last2 = Richtler

| first2 = T.

| last3 = Bassino

| first3 = L. P.

|date=September 2003

| title = The globular cluster systems of NGC 3258 and NGC 3268 in the Antlia cluster

| journal = Astronomy and Astrophysics

| volume = 408

| issue = 3

| pages = 929–939

| doi = 10.1051/0004-6361:20031027

| bibcode = 2003A&A...408..929D

|arxiv = astro-ph/0307200 | s2cid = 763415

}}

| velocity_dispersion = 444–591 km/s

| temperature = ~2.0 keV

| mass = ~{{val|3.3|e=14}}

| luminosity = {{val|3.4|e=42}} h₇₅⁻² erg/s (0.5-10.0 keV)

| other_names = Abell S0636

}}

The Antlia Cluster (or Abell S0636) is a cluster of galaxies located in the Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster. The Antlia Cluster is the third-nearest to the Local Group after the Virgo Cluster and Fornax Cluster.{{Cite journal

| last1 = Smith Castelli

| first1 = Analía V.

| last2 = Bassino

| first2 = Lilia P.

| title = Galaxy populations in the Antlia cluster - I. Photometric properties of early-type galaxies

|date=June 2008

| journal = Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

| volume = 386

| issue = 4

| pages = 2311–2322

| doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13211.x

| doi-access = free

| bibcode = 2008MNRAS.386.2311S

|arxiv = 0803.1630 | s2cid = 9042703

}} Antlia's distance from Earth is {{convert|40.5|Mpc|Mly|1|abbr=off|lk=on}} to {{convert|40.9|Mpc|Mly|1|abbr=on}} and can be viewed from Earth in the constellation Antlia.{{cite conference

| title = Dwarf Galaxies in the Antlia Cluster: First Results

| author = Smith Castelli, A. V.

|date=December 2005

| conference = Proceedings of the ESO Workshop

| editor = I. Saviane

| editor2 = V.D. Ivanov

| editor3 = J. Borissova

| volume = ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA

| book-title = Groups of Galaxies in the Nearby Universe

| publisher = Springer-Verlag (2007)

| isbn = 978-3-540-71172-8

| bibcode = 2007ggnu.conf..109S

| page = 109

|arxiv = astro-ph/0603391 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-71173-5_17 }} The Antlia Cluster should not be confused with the Antlia Dwarf galaxy.

Antlia is classified as a rare Bautz–Morgan type III cluster,{{cite journal

| last1 = Hopp

| first1 = U.

| last2 = Materne

| first2 = J.

|date=July 1985

| title = The Antlia cluster of galaxies and its environment - The Hydra I-Centaurus supercluster

| journal = Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series

| volume = 61

| pages = 93–106

| issn = 0365-0138

|bibcode = 1985A&AS...61...93H }} meaning it has no central dominant (cD) brightest cluster galaxy.{{cite journal

| last1 = Guthrie

| first1 = B. N. G.

|date=July 1974

| title = Radio emission associated with the brightest galaxies in clusters

| journal = Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

| volume = 168

| pages = 15–20

| publisher = MNRAS

| id = A&AA ID: AAA012.160.002

| doi = 10.1093/mnras/168.1.15

| doi-access = free

| bibcode = 1974MNRAS.168...15G

}} However, the cluster is dominated by two massive elliptical galaxies, NGC 3268 and NGC 3258, and contains a total of about 234 galaxies. The cluster is very dense compared to other clusters such as Virgo and Fornax, thus containing early-type galaxies and a larger portion of dwarf ellipticals.{{clarify|date=May 2015}} The cluster is split into two galaxy groups, the Northern subgroup gravitating around NGC 3268, and the Southern subgroup centered on NGC 3258.

The cluster has an overall redshift of z = 0.0087, implying that the cluster is, like most objects in the Universe, receding from the Local Group. Using the now-obsolete scientific satellite ASCA, X-ray observations show that the cluster is almost isothermal, with a mean temperature of kT ~ 2.0 keV.