Aptrootidea

The genus was established in 2023 by Amanda Xavier-Leite, Marcela Cáceres, and Robert Lücking, and is named in honour of André Aptroot, a prominent researcher in tropical lichen studies. The genus was created after molecular analyses showed that these species were distinct from the genus Echinoplaca where they were previously classified. While molecular analysis has only been performed on the type species, the other five species are provisionally included based on shared characteristics, though they might eventually be moved to a separate genus with further research.

Aptrootidea lichens are characterised by their growth pattern, which can be either continuous or scattered across the leaf surface. A distinctive feature of some species is the presence of small, dark bristles that grow from a transparent base layer (the {{lichengloss|prothallus}}). Their reproductive structures (apothecia) are flat or slightly raised, appearing as dark spots ranging from chocolate-brown to nearly black in colour.

When viewed under a microscope, these lichens reveal a complex internal structure. Their body is made up of loosely interwoven fungal threads (forming a hyphal {{lichengloss|excipulum}}), above which sits a pale, densely packed layer of cells ({{lichengloss|prosoplectenchymatous}} {{lichengloss|hypothecium}}) that supports the spore-producing region. The uppermost layer ({{lichengloss|epithecium}}) appears dark brown in colour. Within the reproductive structures, the fungi produce spores ({{lichengloss|ascospores}}) that can have different numbers of internal divisions (septa) depending on the species. Unlike some related lichens, no specialised stalked structures ({{lichengloss|hyphophores}}) have been observed in this genus.

• Aptrootidea amapensis {{au|(Bat. & Poroca) Xavier-Leite, M.Cáceres & Lücking (2023)}}
• Aptrootidea atrofusca {{au|(R.Sant.) Xavier-Leite, M.Cáceres & Lücking (2023)}}
• Aptrootidea atromuralis {{au|(Lücking) Xavier-Leite, M.Cáceres & Lücking (2023)}}
• Aptrootidea marginata {{au|(Lücking) Xavier-Leite, M.Cáceres & Lücking (2023)}}
• Aptrootidea triseptata {{au|(Lücking) Xavier-Leite, M.Cáceres & Lücking (2023)}}
• Aptrootidea wilsoniorum {{au|(Lücking) Xavier-Leite, M.Cáceres & Lücking (2023)}}

{{Reflist|refs=

{{Catalogue of Life |id=CCKDD |title=Aptrootidea |access-date=2 December 2024}}

{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |last1=Hyde |first1=K.D. |last2=Noorabadi |first2=M.T. |last3=Thiyagaraja |first3=V. |last4=He |first4=M.Q. |last5=Johnston |first5=P.R. |last6=Wijesinghe |first6=S.N. |last7=Armand |first7=A. |last8=Biketova |first8=A.Y. |last9=Chethana |first9=K.W.T. |last10=Erdoğdu |first10=M. |last11=Ge |first11=Z.W. |last12=Groenewald |first12=J.Z. |last13=Hongsanan |first13=S. |last14=Kušan |first14=I. |last15=Leontyev |first15=D.V. |last16=Li |first16=D.W. |last17=Lin |first17=C.G. |last18=Liu |first18=N.G. |last19=Maharachchikumbura |first19=S.S.N. |last20=Matočec |first20=N. |last21=May |first21=T.W. |last22=McKenzie |first22=E.H.C. |last23=Mešić |first23=A. |last24=Perera |first24=R.H. |last25=Phukhamsakda |first25=C. |last26=Piątek |first26=M. |last27=Samarakoon |first27=M.C. |last28=Selcuk |first28=F. |last29=Senanayake |first29=I.C. |last30=Tanney |first30=J.B. |last31=Tian |first31=Q. |last32=Vizzini |first32=A. |last33=Wanasinghe |first33=D.N. |last34=Wannasawang |first34=N. |last35=Wijayawardene |first35=N.N. |last36=Zhao |first36=R.L. |last37=Abdel-Wahab |first37=M.A. |last38=Abdollahzadeh |first38=J. |last39=Abeywickrama |first39=P.D. |last40=Abhinav |last41=Absalan |first41=S. |last42=Acharya |first42=K. |last43=Afshari |first43=N. |last44=Afshan |first44=N.S. |last45=Afzalinia |first45=S. |last46=Ahmadpour |first46=S.A. |last47=Akulov |first47=O. |last48=Alizadeh |first48=A. |last49=Alizadeh |first49=M. |last50=Al-Sadi |first50=A.M. |last51=Alves |first51=A. |last52=Alves |first52=V.C.S. |last53=Alves-Silva |first53=G. |last54=Antonín |first54=V. |last55=Aouali |first55=S. |last56=Aptroot |first56=A. |last57=Apurillo |first57=C.C.S. |last58=Arias |first58=R.M. |last59=Asgari |first59=B. |last60=Asghari |first60=R. |last61=Assis |first61=D.M.A. |last62=Assyov |first62=B. |last63=Atienza |first63=V. |last64=Aumentado |first64=H.D.R. |last65=Avasthi |first65=S. |last66=Azevedo |first66=E. |last67=Bakhshi |first67=M. |last68=Bao |first68=D.F. |last69=Baral |first69=H.O. |last70=Barata |first70=M. |last71=Barbosa |first71=K.D. |last72=Barbosa |first72=R.N. |last73=Barbosa |first73=F.R. |last74=Baroncelli |first74=R. |last75=Barreto |first75=G.G. |last76=Baschien |first76=C. |last77=Bennett |first77=R.M. |last78=Bera |first78=I. |last79=Bezerra |first79=J.D.P. |last80=Bhunjun |first80=C.S. |last81=Bianchinotti |first81=M.V. |last82=Błaszkowski |first82=J. |last83=Boekhout |first83=T. |last84=Bonito |first84=G.M. |last85=Boonmee |first85=S. |last86=Boonyuen |first86=N. |last87=Bortnikov |first87=F.M. |last88=Bregant |first88=C. |last89=Bundhun |first89=D. |last90=Burgaud |first90=G. |last91=Buyck |first91=B. |last92=Caeiro |first92=M.F. |last93=Cabarroi-Hernández |first93=M. |last94=Cai |first94=M.F. |last95=Cai |first95=L. |last96=Calabon |first96=M.S. |last97=Calaça |first97=F.J.S. |last98=Callalli |first98=M. |last99=Câmara |first99=M.P.S. |last100=Cano-Lira |first100=J. |last101=Cao |first101=B. |last102=Carlavilla |first102=J.R. |last103=Carvalho |first103=A. |last104=Carvalho |first104=T.G. |last105=Castañeda-Ruiz |first105=R.F. |last106=Catania |first106=M.D.V. |last107=Cazabonne |first107=J. |last108=Cedeño-Sanchez |first108=M. |last109=Chaharmiri-Dokhaharani |first109=S. |last110=Chaiwan |first110=N. |last111=Chakraborty |first111=N. |last112=Cheewankoon |first112=R. |last113=Chen |first113=C. |last114=Chen |first114=J. |last115=Chen |first115=Q. |last116=Chen |first116=Y.P. |last117=Chinaglia |first117=S. |last118=Coelho-Nascimento |first118=C.C. |last119=Coleine |first119=C. |last120=Costa-Rezende |first120=D.H. |last121=Cortés-Pérez |first121=A. |last122=Crouch |first122=J.A. |last123=Crous |first123=P.W. |last124=Cruz |first124=R.H.S.F. |last125=Czachura |first125=P. |last126=Damm |first126=U. |last127=Darmostuk |first127=V. |last128=Daroodi |first128=Z. |last129=Das |first129=K. |last130=Das |first130=K. |last131=Davoodian |first131=N. |last132=Davydov |first132=E.A. |last133=da Silva |first133=G.A. |last134=da Silva |first134=I.R. |last135=da Silva |first135=R.M.F. |last136=da Silva Santos |first136=A.C. |last137=Dai |first137=D.Q. |last138=Dai |first138=Y.C. |last139=de Groot |first139=M.D. |last140=De Kesel |first140=A. |last141=De Lange |first141=R. |last142=de Medeiros |first142=E.V. |last143=de Souza |first143=C.F.A. |last144=de Souza |first144=F.A. |last145=dela Cruz |first145=T.E.E. |last146=Decock |first146=C. |last147=Delgado |first147=G. |last148=Denchev |first148=C.M. |last149=Denchev |first149=T.T. |last150=Deng |first150=Y.L. |last151=Dentinger |first151=B.T.M. |last152=Devadatha |first152=B. |last153=Dianese |first153=J.C. |last154=Dima |first154=B. |last155=Doilom |first155=M. |last156=Dissanayake |first156=A.J. |last157=Dissanayake |first157=D.M.L.S. |last158=Dissanayake |first158=L.S. |last159=Diniz |first159=A.G. |last160=Dolatabadi |first160=S. |last161=Dong |first161=J.H. |last162=Dong |first162=W. |last163=Dong |first163=Z.Y. |last164=Drechsler-Santos |first164=E.R. |last165=Druzhinina |first165=I.S. |last166=Du |first166=T.Y. |last167=Dubey |first167=M.K. |last168=Dutta |first168=A.K. |last169=Elliott |first169=T.F. |last170=Elshahed |first170=M.S. |last171=Egidi |first171=E. |last172=Eisvand |first172=P. |last173=Fan |first173=L. |last174=Fan |first174=X. |last175=Fan |first175=X.L. |last176=Fedosova |first176=A.G. |last177=Ferro |first177=L.O. |last178=Fiuza |first178=P.O. |last179=Flakus |first179=A. |last180=Fonseca |first180=E.O.W. |last181=Fryar |first181=S.C. |last182=Gabaldón |first182=T. |last183=Gajanayake |first183=A.J. |last184=Gannibal |first184=P.B. |last185=Gao |first185=F. |last186=García-Sánchez |first186=D. |last187=García-Sandoval |first187=R. |last188=Garrido-Benavent |first188=I. |last189=Garzoli |first189=L. |last190=Gasca-Pineda |first190=J. |last191=Gautam |first191=A.K. |last192=Gené |first192=J. |last193=Ghobad-Nejhad |first193=M. |last194=Ghosh |first194=A. |last195=Giachini |first195=A.J. |last196=Gibertoni |first196=T.B. |last197=Gentekaki |first197=E. |last198=Gmoshinskiy |first198=V.I. |last199=Góes-Neto |first199=A. |last200=Gomdola |first200=D. |last201=Gorjón |first201=S.P. |last202=Goto |first202=B.T. |last203=Granados-Montero |first203=M.M. |last204=Griffith |first204=G.W. |last205=Groenewald |first205=M. |last206=Grossart |first206=H.-P. |last207=Gu |first207=Z.R. |last208=Gueidan |first208=C. |last209=Gunarathne |first209=A. |last210=Gunaseelan |first210=S. |last211=Guo |first211=S.L. |last212=Gusmão |first212=L.F.P. |last213=Gutierrez |first213=A.C. |last214=Guzmán-Dávalos |first214=L. |last215=Haelewaters |first215=D. |last216=Haituk |first216=H. |last217=Halling |first217=R.E. |last218=He |first218=S.C. |last219=Heredia |first219=G. |last220=Hernández-Restrepo |first220=M. |last221=Hosoya |first221=T. |last222=Hoog |first222=S.D. |last223=Horak |first223=E. |last224=Hou |first224=C.L. |last225=Houbraken |first225=J. |last226=Htet |first226=Z.H. |last227=Huang |first227=S.K. |last228=Huang |first228=W.J. |last229=Hurdeal |first229=V.G. |last230=Hustad |first230=V.P. |last231=Inácio |first231=C.A. |last232=Janik |first232=P. |last233=Jayalal |first233=R.G.U. |last234=Jayasiri |first234=S.C. |last235=Jayawardena |first235=R.S. |last236=Jeewon |first236=R. |last237=Jerônimo |first237=G.H. |last238=Jin |first238=J. |last239=Jones |first239=E.B.G. |last240=Joshi |first240=Y. |last241=Jurjević |first241=Ž. |last242=Justo |first242=A. |last243=Kakishima |first243=M. |last244=Kaliyaperumal |first244=M. |last245=Kang |first245=G.P. |last246=Kang |first246=J.C. |last247=Karimi |first247=O. |last248=Karunarathna |first248=S.C. |last249=Karpov |first249=S.A. |last250=Kezo |first250=K. |last251=Khalid |first251=A.N. |last252=Khan |first252=M.K. |last253=Khuna |first253=S. |last254=Khyaju |first254=S. |last255=Kirchmair |first255=M. |last256=Klawonn |first256=I. |last257=Kraisitudomsook |first257=N. |last258=Kukwa |first258=M. |last259=Kularathnage |first259=N.D. |last260=Kumar |first260=S. |last261=Lachance |first261=M.A. |last262=Lado |first262=C. |last263=Latha |first263=K.P.D. |last264=Lee |first264=H.B. |last265=Leonardi |first265=M. |last266=Lestari |first266=A.S. |last267=Li |first267=C. |last268=Li |first268=H. |last269=Li |first269=J. |last270=Li |first270=Q. |last271=Li |first271=Y. |last272=Li |first272=Y.C. |last273=Li |first273=Y.X. |last274=Liao |first274=C.F. |last275=Lima |first275=J.L.R. |last276=Lima |first276=J.M.S. |last277=Lima |first277=N.B. |last278=Lin |first278=L. |last279=Linaldeddu |first279=B.T. |last280=Linn |first280=M.M. |last281=Liu |first281=F. |last282=Liu |first282=J.K. |last283=Liu |first283=J.W. |last284=Liu |first284=S. |last285=Liu |first285=S.L. |last286=Liu |first286=X.F. |last287=Liu |first287=X.Y. |last288=Longcore |first288=J.E. |last289=Luangharn |first289=T. |last290=Luangsa-ard |first290=J.J. |last291=Lu |first291=L. |last292=Lu |first292=Y.Z. |last293=Lumbsch |first293=H.T. |last294=Luo |first294=L. |last295=Luo |first295=M. |last296=Luo |first296=Z.L. |last297=Ma |first297=J. |last298=Madagammana |first298=A.D. |last299=Madhushan |first299=A. |last300=Madrid |first300=H. |last301=Magurno |first301=F. |last302=Magyar |first302=D. |last303=Mahadevakumar |first303=S. |last304=Malosso |first304=E. |last305=Malysh |first305=J.M. |last306=Mamarabadi |first306=M. |last307=Manawasinghe |first307=I.S. |last308=Manfrino |first308=R.G. |last309=Manimohan |first309=P. |last310=Mao |first310=N. |last311=Mapook |first311=A. |last312=Marchese |first312=P. |last313=Marasinghe |first313=D.S. |last314=Mardones |first314=M. |last315=Marin-Felix |first315=Y. |last316=Masigol |first316=H. |last317=Mehrabi |first317=M. |last318=Mehrabi-Koushki |first318=M. |last319=Meiras-Ottoni |first319=A.de |last320=Melo |first320=R.F.R. |last321=Mendes-Alvarenga |first321=R.L. |last322=Mendieta |first322=S. |last323=Meng |first323=Q.F. |last324=Menkis |first324=A. |last325=Menolli Jr |first325=N. |last326=Mikšík |first326=M. |last327=Miller |first327=S.L. |last328=Moncada |first328=B. |last329=Moncalvo |first329=J.M. |last330=Monteiro |first330=J.S. |last331=Monteiro |first331=M. |last332=Mora-Montes |first332=H.M. |last333=Moroz |first333=E.L. |last334=Moura |first334=J.C. |last335=Muhammad |first335=U. |last336=Mukhopadhyay |first336=S. |last337=Nagy |first337=G.L. |last338=Najam ul Sehar |first338=A. |last339=Najafiniya |first339=M. |last340=Nanayakkara |first340=C.M. |last341=Naseer |first341=A. |last342=Nascimento |first342=E.C.R. |last343=Nascimento |first343=S.S. |last344=Neuhauser |first344=S. |last345=Neves |first345=M.A. |last346=Niazi |first346=A.R. |last347=Nie |first347=Y. |last348=Nilsson |first348=R.H. |last349=Nogueira |first349=P.T.S. |last350=Novozhilov |first350=Y.K. |last351=Noordeloos |first351=M. |last352=Norphanphoun |first352=C. |last353=Nuñez Otaño |first353=N. |last354=O'Donnell |first354=R.P. |last355=Oehl |first355=F. |last356=Oliveira |first356=J.A. |last357=Oliveira Junior |first357=I. |last358=Oliveira |first358=N.V.L. |last359=Oliveira |first359=P.H.F. |last360=Orihara |first360=T. |last361=Oset |first361=M. |last362=Pang |first362=K.L. |last363=Papp |first363=V. |last364=Pathirana |first364=L.S. |last365=Peintner |first365=U. |last366=Pem |first366=D. |last367=Pereira |first367=O.L. |last368=Pérez-Moreno |first368=J. |last369=Pérez-Ortega |first369=S. |last370=Péter |first370=G. |last371=Pires-Zottarelli |first371=C.L.A. |last372=Phonemany |first372=M. |last373=Phongeun |first373=S. |last374=Pošta |first374=A. |last375=Prazeres |first375=J.F.S.A. |last376=Quan |first376=Y. |last377=Quandt |first377=C.A. |last378=Queiroz |first378=M.B. |last379=Radek |first379=R. |last380=Rahnama |first380=K. |last381=Raj |first381=K.N.A. |last382=Rajeshkumar |first382=K.C. |last383=Rajwar |first383=S. |last384=Ralaiveloarisoa |first384=A.B. |last385=Rämä |first385=T. |last386=Ramírez-Cruz |first386=V. |last387=Rambold |first387=G. |last388=Rathnayaka |first388=A.R. |last389=Raza |first389=M. |last390=Ren |first390=G.C. |last391=Rinaldi |first391=A.C. |last392=Rivas-Ferreiro |first392=M. |last393=Robledo |first393=G.L. |last394=Ronikier |first394=A. |last395=Rossi |first395=W. |last396=Rusevska |first396=K. |last397=Ryberg |first397=M. |last398=Safi |first398=A. |last399=Salimi |first399=F. |last400=Salvador-Montoya |first400=C.A. |last401=Samant |first401=B. |last402=Samaradiwakara |first402=N.P. |last403=Sánchez-Castro |first403=I. |last404=Sandoval-Denis |first404=M. |last405=Santiago |first405=A.L.C.M.A. |last406=Santos |first406=A.C.D.S. |last407=Santos |first407=L.A. |last408=Sarma |first408=V.V. |last409=Sarwar |first409=S. |last410=Savchenko |first410=A. |last411=Savchenko |first411=K. |last412=Saxena |first412=R.K. |last413=Schoutteten |first413=N. |last414=Selbmann |first414=L. |last415=Ševčíková |first415=H. |last416=Sharma |first416=A. |last417=Shen |first417=H.W. |last418=Shen |first418=Y.M. |last419=Shu |first419=Y.X. |last420=Silva |first420=H.F. |last421=Silva-Filho |first421=A.G.S. |last422=Silva |first422=V.S.H. |last423=Simmons |first423=D.R. |last424=Singh |first424=R. |last425=Sir |first425=E.B. |last426=Sohrabi |first426=M. |last427=Souza |first427=F.A. |last428=Souza-Motta |first428=C.M. |last429=Sri-indrasutdhi |first429=V. |last430=Sruthi |first430=O.P. |last431=Stadler |first431=M. |last432=Stemler |first432=J. |last433=Stephenson |first433=S.L. |last434=Stoyneva-Gaertner |first434=M.P. |last435=Strassert |first435=J.F.H. |last436=Stryjak-Bogacka |first436=M. |last437=Su |first437=H. |last438=Sun |first438=Y.R. |last439=Svantesson |first439=S. |last440=Sysouphanthong |first440=P. |last441=Takamatsu |first441=S. |last442=Tan |first442=T.H. |last443=Tanaka |first443=K. |last444=Tang |first444=C. |last445=Tang |first445=X. |last446=Taylor |first446=J.E. |last447=Taylor |first447=P.W.J. |last448=Tennakoon |first448=D.S. |last449=Thakshila |first449=S.A.D. |last450=Thambugala |first450=K.M. |last451=Thamodini |first451=G.K. |last452=Thilanga |first452=D. |last453=Thines |first453=M. |last454=Tiago |first454=P.V. |last455=Tian |first455=X.G. |last456=Tian |first456=W.H. |last457=Tibpromma |first457=S. |last458=Tkalčec |first458=Z. |last459=Tokarev |first459=Y.S. |last460=Tomšovský |first460=M. |last461=Torruella |first461=G. |last462=Tsurykau |first462=A. |last463=Udayanga |first463=D. |last464=Ulukapı |first464=M. |last465=Untereiner |first465=W.A. |last466=Usman |first466=M. |last467=Uzunov |first467=B.A. |last468=Vadthanarat |first468=S. |last469=Valenzuela |first469=R. |last470=Van den Wyngaert |first470=S. |last471=Van Vooren |first471=N. |last472=Velez |first472=P. |last473=Verma |first473=R.K. |last474=Vieira |first474=L.C. |last475=Vieira |first475=W.A.S. |last476=Vinzelj |first476=J.M. |last477=Tang |first477=A.M.C. |last478=Walker |first478=A. |last479=Walker |first479=A.K. |last480=Wang |first480=Q.M. |last481=Wang |first481=Y. |last482=Wang |first482=X.Y. |last483=Wang |first483=Z.Y. |last484=Wannathes |first484=N. |last485=Wartchow |first485=F. |last486=Weerakoon |first486=G. |last487=Wei |first487=D.P. |last488=Wei |first488=X. |last489=White |first489=J.F. |last490=Wijesundara |first490=D.S.A. |last491=Wisitrassameewong |first491=K. |last492=Worobiec |first492=G. |last493=Wu |first493=H.X. |last494=Wu |first494=N. |last495=Xiong |first495=Y.R. |last496=Xu |first496=B. |last497=Xu |first497=J.P. |last498=Xu |first498=R. |last499=Xu |first499=R.F. |last500=Xu |first500=R.J. |last501=Yadav |first501=S. |last502=Yakovchenko |first502=L.S. |last503=Yang |first503=H.D. |last504=Yang |first504=X. |last505=Yang |first505=Y.H. |last506=Yang |first506=Y. |last507=Yang |first507=Y.Y. |last508=Yoshioka |first508=R. |last509=Youssef |first509=N.H. |last510=Yu |first510=F.M. |last511=Yu |first511=Z.F. |last512=Yuan |first512=L.L. |last513=Yuan |first513=Q. |last514=Zabin |first514=D.A. |last515=Zamora |first515=J.C. |last516=Zapata |first516=C.V. |last517=Zare |first517=R. |last518=Zeng |first518=M. |last519=Zeng |first519=X.Y. |last520=Zhang |first520=J.F. |last521=Zhang |first521=J.Y. |last522=Zhang |first522=S. |last523=Zhang |first523=X.C. |last524=Zhao |first524=C.L. |last525=Zhao |first525=H. |last526=Zhao |first526=Q. |last527=Zhao |first527=H. |last528=Zhao |first528=H.J. |last529=Zhou |first529=H.M. |last530=Zhu |first530=X.Y. |last531=Zmitrovich |first531=I.V. |last532=Zucconi |first532=L. |last533=Zvyagina |first533=E. |title=The 2024 Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa |journal=Mycosphere |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=5262–5263 |year=2024 |doi=10.5943/mycosphere/15/1/25 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/385939154|hdl=1854/LU-8660838 |hdl-access=free }}

{{cite journal |last1=Xavier-Leite |first1=Amanda Barreto |last2=Goto |first2=Bruno Tomio |last3=Lücking |first3=Robert |last4=da Silva Cáceres |first4=Marcela Eugenia |title=New genera in the lichenized family Gomphillaceae (Ascomycota: Graphidales) focusing on neotropical taxa |journal=Mycological Progress |volume=22 |issue=12 |year=2023 |doi=10.1007/s11557-023-01933-1 |page=e88|bibcode=2023MycPr..22...88X }}

}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q131459745}}

Category:Gomphillaceae

Category:Graphidales genera

Category:Lichen genera

Category:Taxa described in 2023

Category:Taxa named by Robert Lücking

Category:Taxa named by Marcela Cáceres