Aquifoliales

{{Automatic taxobox

| fossil_range = {{fossil range|Turonian|recent|Turonian–recent|ref={{Cite web |title=Aquifoliales |url=https://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/orders/aquifolialesweb2.htm |access-date=2023-12-25 |website=www.mobot.org}}}}

| image = Ilex_paraguariensis_-_Köhler–s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-074.jpg

| image_caption = Yerba mate

| taxon = Aquifoliales

| authority = Senft

| subdivision_ranks = Families

| subdivision_ref =

| subdivision = *Aquifoliaceae

}}

The Aquifoliales are an order of flowering plants, including the Aquifoliaceae (holly) family, and also the Helwingiaceae (2-5 species of temperate Asian shrubs) and the Phyllonomaceae (4 species of Central American trees and shrubs). In 2001, the families Stemonuraceae and Cardiopteridaceae were added to this order. This circumscription of Aquifoliales was recognized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group when they published the APG II system in 2003. In the Cronquist system, there is no Aquifoliales order: the Aquifoliaceae are placed within the order Celastrales and the others are in other families.

References

{{Reflist|refs=

{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2003 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=141 |issue=4 |pages=399–436 |doi=10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x|doi-access= }}

{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x |doi-access=free |hdl=10654/18083 |hdl-access=free }}

{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2016 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=181 |issue=1 |pages=1–20 |doi=10.1111/boj.12385 |doi-access=free }}

{{cite journal | first = Jesper | last = Kårehed | year = 2001 | title = Multiple origin of the tropical forest tree family Icacinaceae | journal = American Journal of Botany | volume = 88 | issue = 12 | pages = 2259–2274 | doi = 10.2307/3558388 | jstor = 3558388 | pmid = 21669659 | bibcode = 2001AmJB...88.2259K }}

}}

Category:Angiosperm orders