Aquilegia canadensis

The plant is {{convert|15|-|90|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} tall. The fern-like leaves are lobed and grouped in threes, growing from the base and off the flowering stems. The flowers are {{convert|1-2|in|cm|abbr=on}} long and have yellow petals with a red spur and red sepals. They appear in late spring (usually in May and June), nodding on stems above the leaves. The round end of the spur contains nectar, which is sought by butterflies and hummingbirds.{{Cite web|title=Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin|url=https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=aqca|access-date=2021-12-20|website=www.wildflower.org}}

The caterpillars of columbine duskywing (Erynnis lucilius) feed on the leaves.{{cite web|url=https://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species/Erynnis-lucilius|title=Columbine Duskywing|website=Butterflies and Moths of North America|access-date=11 May 2024|publisher=Metalmark Web and Data}}

Aquilegia canadensis is a highly decorative plant, valued for its attractive foliage and showy flowers. For this reason it is widely grown outside its native region, in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.

The plant is easily propagated from seed, and blooms the second year from sowing. It is relatively long lived in the garden. It grows well in shade, and in sun with proper moisture.{{Cite web |title=1998 Wild Columbine (Aquilegia Canadensis) {{!}} VNPS |url=https://vnps.org/1998-columbine-aquilegia-canadensis/ |access-date=2024-05-22 |website=Virginia Native Plant Society |language=en-US}}

The cultivar "Little Lanterns" only grows to around 25 cm (10 in). It is also thought to have higher resistance to leaf miner.{{Cite web |title=Aquilegia canadensis 'Little Lanterns' - Plant Finder |url=https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=256520 |access-date=2024-08-27 |website=www.missouribotanicalgarden.org}}

Native North American tribes{{which|date=June 2016}} used various parts of red columbine in herbal remedies for ailments such as headache, sore throat, fever, rash caused by poison ivy, stomatitis, kidney and urinary problems, and heart problems.{{cite web|title=Red Columbine|url=https://plants.usda.gov/DocumentLibrary/plantguide/pdf/pg_aqca.pdf|website=PLANTS Database|publisher=United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service|accessdate=12 June 2016}} Native American men also rubbed crushed seeds on their hands as a love charm.{{cite web|title=Aquilegia canadensis|url=http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=AQCA|website=NPIN: Native Plants Database|publisher=Lady Bird Johnson Wildlife Center|accessdate=12 June 2016}}{{which|date=June 2022}}

Canada columbine contains a cyanogenic glycoside, which releases poisonous hydrogen cyanide when the plant is damaged.{{Cite book|title=Edible and Medicinal Plants of Minnesota and Wisconsin|first=Matthew|last=Alfs|publisher=Old Theology Book House|year=2001|page=99|isbn=0961296437}}

Aquilegia canadensis is found across the United States (AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NM, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, WV) and Canada (MB, NB, ON, QC, SK, BC).{{eFloras|1}}

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Wetland is an extremely valuable but limited resource in the USA. Wetland indicator status is used to determine which native plant species can provide information about the presence of wetland in a given area. Essentially, if a plant thrives in a particular area, it means there is a greater likelihood of wetland there. Aquilegia canadensis is one such species.

• Regions 1-5: Facultative Equally (FAC) likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%).
• Region 6: Facultative Wetland (FACW) Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands.

File:Aquilegia_canadensis_Redmarkviolinist.jpg|Flower and seedpod

File:Canadian Columbine.jpg|In habitat

file:Red_Columbine_Aquilegia_canadensis_'Canyon_Vista'_Leaves_2538px.jpg|Leaves

File:Aquilegia canadensis 'Corbett'1.jpg|The yellow cultivar 'Corbett'

File:Aquilegia canadensis WFNY-065.jpg|Illustration

{{Reflist}}

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• [http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=AQCA Native Plant Identification Network]
• [http://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/columbines/aquilegia_canadensis.shtml US Forest Service — Celebrating Wildflowers]
• [http://www.ct-botanical-society.org/galleries/aquilegiacana.html Connecticut Botanical Society]
• [http://www.missouriplants.com/Redalt/Aquilegia_canadensis_page.html Missouri Plants]
• [http://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/woodland/plants/wild_columbine.htm Illinois Wildflowers]
• [http://www.michigan.gov/dnr/0,1607,7-153-10370_12146_12213-36127--,00.html Michigan Department of Natural Resources]
• [http://www.floridata.com/ref/a/aqui_can.cfm Floridata]
• [http://www.paghat.com/columbine6.html 'Little Lanterns'] — Paghat's Garden

{{Taxonbar|from=Q2846008}}

canadensis

Category:Flora of Northern America

Category:Flora of Canada

Category:Garden plants of North America

Category:Plants used in traditional Native American medicine

Category:Perennial plants

Category:Plants described in 1753

Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus