Aracá uakari

{{Short description|Species of New World monkey}}

{{Speciesbox

| name = Aracá uakari

| status = LC

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| status_ref = {{cite iucn |author=Boubli, J.P. |author2=Urbani, B. |author3=Mittermeier, R.A. |author4=Bezerra, B.M. |date=2021 |title=Cacajao ayresi |volume=2021 |page=e.T136419A191694077 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T136419A191694077.en |access-date=13 November 2021}}

| status2 = CITES_A1

| status2_system = CITES

| status2_ref = {{Cite web|title=Appendices {{!}} CITES|url=https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php|access-date=2022-01-14|website=cites.org}}

| genus = Cacajao

| species = ayresi

| authority = Boubli et al., 2008

| range_map = Cacajao ayresi distribution.svg

| range_map_caption = {{legend0|red|species range|outline=gray}}

}}

The Aracá uakari (Cacajao ayresi), also known as the Ayres black uakari, is a newly described species of monkey from the northwest Brazilian Amazon. It was found by Jean-Phillipe Boubli of the University of Auckland after following native Yanomamo Indians on their hunts along the Rio Aracá, a northern tributary of the Rio Negro.{{cite web | title = New Monkey Species Found in Remote Amazon | date = 2008-02-04 | access-date = 2010-05-20 | url =http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/02/080204-new-monkey.html | work = National Geographic| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100420042025/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/02/080204-new-monkey.html| archive-date= 20 April 2010 | url-status= dead}} It was subsequently described in 2008 together with the more westerly distributed Neblina uakari.{{cite journal | author = Boubli, J. P. | author2 = M. N. F. da Silva | author3 = M. V. Amado | author4 = T. Hrbek| author5 = F. B. Pontual | author6 = I. P. Farias | name-list-style = amp | year = 2008| title = A taxonomic reassessment of black uakari monkeys, Cacajao melanocephalus group, Humboldt (1811), with the description of two new species | journal = International Journal of Primatology | volume = 29| pages = 723–749 | doi = 10.1007/s10764-008-9248-7| s2cid = 26561719 }} Until then, the black-headed uakari was the only species of mainly black uakari that was recognized.{{MSW3 Groves|pages=146|id=12100349}} Stephen F. Ferrari et al proposed treating the Aracá uakari as a subspecies of the black-headed uakari rather than as a separate species.{{cite journal|title=Reconsidering the taxonomy of the Black-Faced Uacaris, Cacajao melanocephalus group (Mammalia: Pitheciidae), from the northern Amazon Basin|author=Ferrari, Stephen F.|author2=Guedes, Patricia G.|author3=Figueriredo-Ready, Wilsea M.B.|author4=Barnett, Adrian A.|year=2014|journal=Zootaxa|volume=3866|issue=3|pages=353–370|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3866.3.3|pmid=25283664|url=https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3866.3.3|access-date=2019-07-24|url-access=subscription}}{{cite web|title=Cacajao|url=https://mammaldiversity.org/#Y2FjYWphbyZnbG9iYWxfc2VhcmNoPXRydWUmbG9vc2U9dHJ1ZQ|access-date=2019-07-24|publisher=ASM Mammal Diversity Database}}

This monkey is named after Brazilian biologist José Márcio Ayres, formerly a senior zoologist for the Wildlife Conservation Society. José Márcio Ayres, who died in 2003, pioneered studies in uakaris and played a fundamental role in the creation of the Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, which is of great importance for the white uakari.{{cite iucn |author=Aquino, R. |author2=de Queiroz, H.L. |author3=Paim, F.P. |author4=Boubli, J.P. |author5=Mittermeier, R.A. |author6=Ravetta, A.L. |author7=Shanee, S. |author8=Urbani, B. |author9=de Azevedo, R.B. |author10=Calouro, A.M. |author11=Cornejo, F.M. |date=2021 |title=Cacajao calvus |volume=2021 |page=e.T3416A191694447 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T3416A191694447.en |access-date=13 November 2021}}

Very little is known about the Aracá uakari, but based on present knowledge it has the smallest distribution of all species of uakaris (possibly as small as {{convert|5000|-|6000|km2|mi2}}) and is the only one not found in any protected area.{{cite web | title = New monkey species is already endangered | date = 2008-01-19 | access-date = 2008-01-19 | url = https://www.newscientist.com/channel/life/endangered-species/mg19726393.400-new-monkey-species-is-already-endangered.html | work = New Scientist| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080123124203/http://environment.newscientist.com/channel/life/endangered-species/mg19726393.400-new-monkey-species-is-already-endangered.html| archive-date= 23 January 2008 | url-status= live}} Although few people live within its very remote distribution, it is hunted; at least seasonally. It has been suggested it should be considered endangered, but it is currently listed as least concern by the IUCN.