Arnold Mercator

Arnold was the eldest child of Gerardus Mercator and Barbara Schellekens from Leuven, who married in 1536.{{cite book |last1=Karrow (J.) |first1=Robert W. |last2=Ortelius |first2=Abraham |last3=Bagrow |first3=Leo |title=Mapmakers of the Sixteenth Century and Their Maps |date=1993 |publisher=Newberry Library |location=Chicago |isbn=9780932757050 |page=377 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BuMRAQAAIAAJ |access-date=29 December 2021}}{{cite book |editor1-last=Alberdingk Thijm |editor1-first=Josephus Albertus |editor2-last=Alberdingk Thijm |editor2-first=Petrus Paul Maria |title=Dietsche warande |date=1856 |publisher=A Siffer |page=55 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gXt0aYqLI3QC |access-date=29 December 2021 |language=nl}} Arnold grew up in Leuven and, as a 7-year-old boy, witnessed the arrest of his father, who was then a professor in Leuven. Gerardus Mercator was suspected of Lutheranism. His father was released after a few months. The family remained impoverished in Leuven for a few more years until 1552.

File:Thulé gravure.jpg, 1558]]

In 1552 the Mercator family moved to the imperial city of Duisburg. The Duke of Cleves, the Lutheran William V, was hospitable to humanist scholars. Gerardus Mercator may have been attracted by the Duke's intention to found a university in Duisburg.{{cite web | url = http://www.gerhard-mercator.de/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/Auf-den-Spuren-Mercators-Zu-Gast-in-Duisburg-2012.pdf | title = Auf den Spuren Mercators | publisher = Cit of Duisburg }}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Arnold learned the trade of cartography and mathematics from his father. He began as a cartographer in 1558 with a map of Iceland.Wolfgang Scharfe, Gerhard Mercator und seine Zeit: Vorträge und Berichte, 1996, p. 47 His map of the Trier diocese from 1566 is also documented.Roland Geiger, Die Arnold-Mercator-Karte von 1566, 2005, p. 2 ff.

Arnold Mercator came to Cologne in 1569, where the city council submitted his drawing of the city's floor plan for a decision on 11 September 1570. The drawing formed the first, masterfully executed city map of Cologne and is the basis for the famous copper engraving from 1571, the Cologne city view from 1570 (Kölner Stadtansicht von 1570), which is dedicated to Cologne's Archbishop Salentin of Isenburg.Peter Fuchs (Hrsg.), Chronik zur Geschichte der Stadt Köln, volume 2, 1991, p. 62 From a bird's eye view, the city map shows not only the streets with 196 location information, but also the individual buildings in three-dimensional form and relatively true to scale (scale 1: 2450) in the format 109 × 170 cm.Stadt Köln, Ratsprotokolle, 1570, volume 25, p. 308b The engraving was published on 31 August 31 1571 - Arnold Mercator's birthday.Verlag der Buchhändler-Vereinigung GmbH (Hrsg.), Aus dem Antiquariat, Ausgaben 1–12, 1992, p. 316 Arnold Mercator created the first city map of Cologne in 1570, which was based on precise calculations and served as the basis for the city plans created later. He made, albeit less elaborate, city plans of Windeck, Homberg{{cite web | url = https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm;jsessionid=96BFAAC8F4495F44A8F59E7BD0993575.prod-worker1?method=showFullRecord¤tResultId=%22127519556%22%26any¤tPosition=0 | title = Grundtliche Beschreibungh und Gelegentheit etlicher warer Grenntzen dem Bergischem Ampt Windeck und Herschafft Hombergh betreffend : facta a. 1575 | work = Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek | publisher = Deutsche Nationalbibliothek}} and Trier.{{cite web | url = http://www.press.uchicago.edu/books/HOC/HOC_V3_Pt2/HOC_VOLUME3_Part2_gallery3.pdf | title = Plate 46, Arnoldus Mercators map of Trier | publisher = University Press of Chicago}} He created many maps in the Bergisches Land.{{Cite ADB|21|385|397|Mercator, Gerhard|Arthur Breusing|ADB:Mercator, Gerhard}} The map Grenzen des Bergischen Amtes Windeck und der Herrschaft Homburg ("borders of the Bergisches Amt Windeck and the rulership of Homburg") from 1575 is very well known. The map was copied by Hans Weirich in 1995 and reissued with the help of the Bergisches Geschichtsverein - Oberberg department.[http://www.bgv-oberberg.de/frame.html Bergischer Geschichtsverein Abt. Oberberg > Publications]

Arnold also devoted himself to classical philology. At Werden Abbey he examined manuscripts written in Visigothic and Latin, dating back to the time of the Visigothic king Alaric. Arnold's son Michaël later reported on the notes that Arnold drew up during his literary research there.{{cite book| last= Assemanus | first= Josephus-Simonius| date = 1753 | title = Italicae historiae Scriptores ex Bibliothecae Vaticanae aliarumque insignium bibliothecarum manuscriptis codicibus | chapter= Tomus IV | publisher = Angelus Rotilius | location= Rome (Vatican)| pages= 363–364 | language= la | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=00hTAAAAcAAJ}}

Arnold Mercator's sons Johannes (1562? –1595?), Gerhard (around 1565–1656) and Michael (around 1567–1614) were also cartographers.Leo Bagrow/Raleigh Ashlin Skelton: Meister der Kartographie. Safari-Verlag, Berlin 1963 (with 22 color plates, 118 art print plates, 79 maps in the text and biographical information on 1291 cartographers) Arnold died at his home in Duisburg in 1587. His three sons continued his cartographic work. His father Gerardus Mercator was still alive in 1587, when he died.

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Category:1537 births

Category:1587 deaths

Category:People from the Spanish Netherlands

Category:16th-century Flemish cartographers

Category:People from Leuven