Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïby

File:Aroue (Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïbe, Pyr-Atl, Fr) l'église dans la lumière du matin.JPG

File:Aroue (Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïbe, Pyr-Atl,Fr) church tower.JPG

File:Aroue (Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïbe, Pyr-Atl,Fr) stèle discoïdale 1.JPG in the cemetery in Aroue.]]

File:Aroue (Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïbe, Pyr-Atl,Fr) stèle discoïdale 2.JPG in the cemetery in Aroue.]]

File:Ithorots (Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïbe, Pyr-Atl,Fr) vue du village.JPG with a glimpse of the chateau in the background.]]

File:Ithorots (Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïbe, Pyr-Atl,Fr) église.JPG

File:ChapelleOlhaiby.jpg

Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïby is located in the former Basque province of Soule some 10 km east of Saint-Palais and 10 km south of Sauveterre-de-Béarn. Access to the commune is by the D11 road from Domezain-Berraute in the west passing through the west fork of the commune then Etcharry then the east fork and the village before continuing south-east to Charritte-de-Bas. The commune is mixed forest and farmland.[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Aroue-Ithorots-Olha%C3%AFby/@43.2923371,-0.9178414,13582m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m2!3m1!1s0xd56dd3968058a67:0x40665174813aca0?hl=en Google Maps]

Located in the Drainage basin of the Adour, the commune is traversed from south to north by the Lafoure (a tributary of the Saison) with its tributary the Hourquet and the Lauhirasse with its tributary the Thiancoenia erreka.

{{div col|colwidth=18em}}

• Abbadie (château)
• Aïntcia
• Aitzaguer
• Aroue
• Bagardoy
• Bartulague
• Begorre
• Beheria
• Benoscar (Forest)
• Bentaberria
• Berhon
• Berrogain
• Bethe
• Bidauria
• Bohoteguia
• Bouhaben
• Carriquiry
• Ertorraenia
• Etchebarnia
• Etcheberria
• Etchecoin
• Etchelecu
• Etchemborde
• Eyherabide
• Garay
• Guestereguia
• Hagoua
• Harguina
• Harguinaborda
• Ithorots
• Jaureguiberria
• Joantho (château)
• Landaco
• Landuchia
• Larraburuzahar
• Larrartia
• Lassartia
• Linchinbiague
• Mendiburia
• Mendicoi
• Mendionde
• Metcha (Mill)
• Olhaïby
• Olhassaria
• Oxaïby
• Oxart
• Oxidoya
• Oyhamburia
• Oyhenart-Chipi
• Oyhençabal
• Pagueguy
• Poulit
• Quillilauquy
• Salla
• Sallagaray
• Saubidet

{{div col end}}

[http://www.geoportail.gouv.fr/accueil?c=-0.9164,43.3192&z=7.92265E-5&l=GEOGRAPHICALGRIDSYSTEMS.MAPS.3D$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS@aggregate(1)&l=ADMINISTRATIVEUNITS.BOUNDARIES$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS(1)&permalink=yes Géoportail], IGN {{in lang|fr}}

{{Geographic location

| title = Neighbouring communes and villages

|width=auto

|Centre = Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïby

|North = Espiute

|Northeast = Nabas

|East = Charre

|Southeast = Charritte-de-Bas

|South = Ainharp

|Southwest = Lohitzun-Oyhercq

|West = Domezain-Berraute

|Northwest = Etcharry

}}

The commune name in basque is Arüe-Ithorrotze-Olhaibi.[http://www.euskaltzaindia.net/index.php?option=com_eoda&Itemid=191&lang=fr&nonkodea=7.2.02&view=toponimia Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque language] {{in lang|eu}}

Jean-Baptiste Orpustan indicated that Ithorots possibly signified "source of cold water" and Olhaïby "the ford of the huts".

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

Sources:

• Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Ie-LeqGXat8C New Basque Toponymy]Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Ie-LeqGXat8C New Basque Toponymy], Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, {{ISBN|2 86781 396 4}} {{in lang|fr}} on the page numbers indicated in the table.
• Raymond: [https://books.google.com/books?id=2TCHmbiipFIC Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees], 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. {{in lang|fr}}[https://books.google.com/books?id=2TCHmbiipFIC Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees], Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 {{in lang|fr}}
• Cassini: Cassini Map from 1750[http://rumsey.geogarage.com/maps/cassinige.html?lat=43.3192&lon=-0.9164&zoom=13 Cassini Map 1750 – Ithorrots]
• EHESS (1): {{Cassini-Ehess|17673|Ithorots-Olhaïby}}
• EHESS (2): {{Cassini-Ehess|61892|Olhaïbi}}

Origins:

• Duchesne: Duchesne collection volume CXIVDuchesne Collection, volumes 99 to 114, containing the papers of Oihenart, former Imperial Librarian - Bibliothèque nationale de France
• 'Ohix: Contracts retained by Ohix, Notary of SouleManuscripts from the 15th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques {{in lang|fr}}
• Luntz:Contracts retained by Luntz, Notary of Béarn in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques {{in lang|fr}}
• Military: Military Inspection of BéarnManuscript from 1376 in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques {{in lang|fr}}
• Languedoc: Confessions of LanguedocConfessions of Languedoc in the Archives of the Empire {{in lang|fr}})
• Reformation: Reformation of BéarnManuscript from the 16th to 18th centuries - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques {{in lang|fr}}
• Arthez-Lasalle: Titles of Arthez-LassalleTitles of the Arthez-Lassalle family at Tardets {{in lang|fr}}

Paul Raymond noted on page 11 of his 1863 dictionary that Aroue was one of the seven districts of Soule and depended on the messagerie of Barhoue. There was a Lay Abbey at Ithorots, vassal of the Viscounts of Soule. The fief of Olhaïby was a vassal of the Viscounts of Soule and its owner was one of ten potestats of Soule.

The commune had a "Temple of Reason" during the French Revolution, undoubtedly because in the Béarnais region, Aroue was the only Basque commune to adopt the Jacobin anti-religion policy.

Between 1790 and 1794 Ithorots commune was merged{{Cassini-Ehess|17673|Ithorots-Olhaïby}} with Olhaïby to form the new commune of Ithorots-Olhaïby. On 1 August 1973 (by prefectural order of 20 July 1973), the commune of Aroue merged with Ithorots-Olhaïby to form the new commune of Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïby.

{{incomplete list|date=April 2021}}

List of mayors[http://www.francegenweb.org/mairesgenweb/chercher.php List of Mayors of France] {{in lang|fr}}

The commune is part of eight inter-communal structures:

• the Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque;
• the AEP association of Pays de Mixe;
• the AEP association of Pays de Soule;
• the educational regrouping association of Arbérats-Sillègue, Arbouet-Sussaute, Aroue, and Etcharry;
• the Energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques;
• the inter-communal association for the functioning of schools in Amikuze;
• the joint forestry association for oaks in the Basque and béarnais valleys;
• the association to support Basque culture.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Arouetarrak.[https://www.habitants.fr/pyrenees-atlantiques-64 Pyrénées-Atlantiques], habitants.fr The population data given in the table and graph below for 1968 and earlier refer to the former commune of Aroue.

{{Historical populations

| align = none

| cols = 2

| percentages = pagr

| source = EHESS{{Cassini-Ehess|1317|Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïby}} and INSEE[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-64049#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE

|1793 |464

|1800 |379

|1806 |543

|1821 |509

|1831 |514

|1836 |555

|1841 |535

|1846 |500

|1851 |506

|1856 |506

|1861 |466

|1866 |393

|1872 |400

|1876 |402

|1881 |368

|1886 |340

|1891 |355

|1896 |352

|1901 |328

|1906 |345

|1911 |326

|1921 |268

|1926 |277

|1931 |254

|1936 |249

|1946 |270

|1954 |265

|1962 |268

|1968 |223

|1975 |286

|1982 |249

|1990 |254

|1999 |230

|2007 |255

|2012 |247

|2017 |240

}}

The town is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Ossau-iraty.

The village has architecture typical of the eastern Basque Country: gable roofs covered with tiles, whitewashed walls with houses from the 16th century.

As in many Basque villages, the fronton is adjacent to the church.

Two churches are registered as historical monuments:

• The Church of Saint-Étienne at Aroue (12th century){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|IA64000685|IA64000685 Church of Saint-Étienne}} {{in lang|fr}} is a Romanesque church rebuilt in the 19th century. There is a sculpture from the 12th century of Saint Jacques on a horse and a Spanish image of "Matamoro".
• The Church of Saint-Samson at Ithorots (19th century){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|IA64000692|IA64000692 Church of Saint-Samson}} {{in lang|fr}}
• The Church at Olhaïby has several items that are registered as historical objects:
• A Retable over the main altar (18th century){{Palissy Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Palissy {{Palissy|PM64000546|PM64000546 Retable}} {{in lang|fr}}
• A Candlestick (17th century){{Palissy Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Palissy {{Palissy|PM64000545|PM64000545 Candlestick}} {{in lang|fr}}
• An altar cross (18th century){{Palissy Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Palissy {{Palissy|PM64000544|PM64000544 Altar Cross}} {{in lang|fr}}
• A tabernacle at the main altar (18th century){{Palissy Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Palissy {{Palissy|PM64000543|PM64000543 Tabernacle}} {{in lang|fr}}
• A candlestick (18th century){{Palissy Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Palissy {{Palissy|PM64000542|PM64000542 Candlestick}} {{in lang|fr}}
• Statuettes (18th century){{Palissy Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Palissy {{Palissy|PM64000541|PM64000541 Statuettes}} {{in lang|fr}}
• A Painting: The Martyrdom of Saints Cyr and Judith (18th century){{Palissy Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Palissy {{Palissy|PM64000540|PM64000540 Painting: The Martyrdom of Saints Cyr and Judith}} {{in lang|fr}}
• A Tabernacle, Retable, 2 Candlesticks, Statues, Altar Cross, and Painting (18th century){{Palissy Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Palissy {{Palissy|PM64000539|PM64000539 Tabernacle, Retable, 2 Candlesticks, Statues, Altar Cross, and Painting}} {{in lang|fr}}
• A Processional Cross (18th century){{Palissy Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Palissy {{Palissy|PM64000198|PM64000198 Processional Cross}} {{in lang|fr}}

The town lies on the GR 65. It is at the beginning of the 7th section of the GR which is listed by UNESCO as World Heritage. The presentation file to UNESCO locates the commune on the Via Podiensis on the Way of St. James. There is no real historical justification for this but it is an important fact for this small town. Justification was found by Dr. Urrutibetehy, the pioneer who traced the paths in the region (it was he who set up the so-called Stele of Gibraltar and made a point of convergence of these paths). He saw in the horseman shown on the lintel of the door of the sacristy, a representation of Saint Jacques Matamoros.

• Franz Duboscq, born in Saint-Jean-de-Luz in 1924, MP and senator, former president of the council and mayor of the town until 2001.

• Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department

{{Reflist|2}}

{{Commons}}

• [http://www.euskomedia.org/bilatu?q=AR%DCE-ITHORROTZE-OLHAIBI ITHORROTZE and OLHAIBI in the Bernardo Estornés Lasa - Auñamendi Encyclopedia (Euskomedia Fundazioa)] {{in lang|es}}
• [http://www.saint-jacques-compostelle.info/Chemin-d-Aroue-a-Ostabat-au-patrimoine-mondial_a68.html Aroue and the 7th stage of GR 65 registered as World Heritage] {{in lang|fr}}
• [http://www.geoportail.gouv.fr/accueil?c=-0.9164,43.3192&z=7.92265E-5&l=GEOGRAPHICALGRIDSYSTEMS.MAPS.3D$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS@aggregate(1)&l=ADMINISTRATIVEUNITS.BOUNDARIES$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS(1)&permalink=yes Aroue-Ithorots-Olhaïby on Géoportail], National Geographic Institute (IGN) website {{in lang|fr}}
• [http://rumsey.geogarage.com/maps/cassinige.html?lat=43.3192&lon=-0.9164&zoom=13 Aroüe, Ittorrotz, and Olliaybi on the 1750 Cassini Map]

{{Zuberoa}}

{{Pyrénées-Atlantiques communes}}

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Category:Communes of Pyrénées-Atlantiques