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Arrup

{{Short description|Genus of Mecistocephalidae centipedes}}

{{Automatic taxobox

|image =

|image_caption =

|taxon = Arrup

|authority = Chamberlin, 1912

| type_species = Arrup pylorus

| type_species_authority = Chamberlin, 1912

|subdivision_ranks =

|subdivision =

|synonyms =

  • Nodocephalus Attems, 1928
  • Prolamnonyx Silvestri, 1919

}}

Arrup is a genus of soil centipedes in the family Mecistocephalidae. This genus contains sixteen species.{{Cite web |title=ITIS - Report: Arrup |url=https://itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=1093081#null |access-date=2025-03-11 |website=itis.gov |language=en-US}} These centipedes are found mainly in temperate regions of East Asia with some species found in Central Asia and California.{{Cite journal |last1=Bonato |first1=Lucio |last2=Foddai |first2=Donatella |last3=Minelli |first3=Alessandro |date=2003 |title=Evolutionary trends and patterns in centipede segment number based on a cladistic analysis of Mecistocephalidae (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha) |url=https://resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1365-3113.2003.00217.x |journal=Systematic Entomology |language=en |volume=28 |issue=4 |pages=539–579 [542–548] |bibcode=2003SysEn..28..539B |doi=10.1046/j.1365-3113.2003.00217.x |issn=0307-6970|url-access=subscription }} Most species in this genus are soil-dwellers, but the Japanese species Arrup akiyoshiensis was discovered in a cave and might be a troglobiont.{{cite journal |last1=Tsukamoto |first1=Sho |last2=Shimano |first2=Satoshi |last3=Murakami |first3=Takashi |last4=Hiruta |first4=Shimpei F. |last5=Yamasaki |first5=Takeshi |last6=Eguchi |first6=Katsuyuki |year=2019 |title=A new species of the genus Arrup from a limestone cave in Akiyoshi-dai, Western Japan (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha, Mecistocephalidae) |journal=ZooKeys |issue=830 |pages=33–51 |bibcode=2019ZooK..830...33T |doi=10.3897/zookeys.830.33060 |pmc=6428782 |pmid=30918440 |doi-access=free}}

Description

Centipedes in this genus range from 1 cm to 5 cm in length.{{Cite book |last1=Bonato |first1=Lucio |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/812207443 |title=The Myriapoda. Volume 1 |last2=Edgecombe |first2=Gregory D. |last3=Zapparoli |first3=Marzio |publisher=Brill |year=2011 |isbn=978-90-04-18826-6 |editor-last=Minelli |editor-first=Alessandro |location=Leiden |pages=363–443 [434] |chapter=Chilopoda – Taxonomic overview |oclc=812207443}} All species in this genus have 41 leg-bearing segments.{{cite journal |last1=Bonato |first1=Lucio |last2=Dányi |first2=László |last3=Minelli |first3=Alessandro |year=2010 |title=Morphology and phylogeny of Dicellophilus, a centipede genus with a highly disjunct distribution (Chilopoda: Mecistocephalidae) |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=158 |issue=3 |pages=501–532 [515] |doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00557.x}}{{Cite journal |last1=Dyachkov |first1=Yurii V. |last2=Bonato |first2=Lucio |date=2022-04-14 |title=Morphology and distribution of the Middle Asian centipede genus Krateraspis Lignau, 1929 (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha, Mecistocephalidae) |journal=ZooKeys |language=en |issue=1095 |pages=143–164 [147] |doi=10.3897/zookeys.1095.80806 |issn=1313-2970 |pmc=9023436 |pmid=35836682 |doi-access=free}} The body is homogeneous in pigmentation, without darker patches. The head in this genus features a transverse suture on the front of the dorsal surface. The side pieces of the labrum are fully divided into anterior and posterior sclerites. The clypeus in this genus is almost completely areolate and features a longitudinal areolate stripe down the middle.{{Cite journal |last1=Uliana |first1=Marco |last2=Bonato |first2=Lucio |last3=Minelli |first3=Alessandro |date=2007-01-22 |title=The Mecistocephalidae of the Japanese and Taiwanese islands (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha) |url=https://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1396.1.1 |journal=Zootaxa |language=en |volume=1396 |issue=1 |pages=1–84 [7] |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.1396.1.1 |issn=1175-5334|url-access=subscription }} The pleurites on the side of the head lack setae. The coxosternite of the first maxillae is not divided down the middle by a longitudinal suture, and the coxosternite of the second maxillae is also undivided. The telopodites of the second maxillae are too short to reach beyond the first maxillae. The forcipular tergum is wider than long, with no longitudinal groove down the middle. The first article of the forcipule features one distal tooth, and the ultimate article features one basal tooth. The groove on the ventral surface of the trunk segments is not forked. The ultimate legs of the male are as slender as those of the female.{{Cite journal |last1=Bonato |first1=Lucio |last2=Edgecombe |first2=Gregory |last3=Lewis |first3=John |last4=Minelli |first4=Alessandro |last5=Pereira |first5=Luis |last6=Shelley |first6=Rowland |last7=Zapparoli |first7=Marzio |date=2010-11-18 |title=A common terminology for the external anatomy of centipedes (Chilopoda) |journal=ZooKeys |language=en |issue=69 |pages=17–51 |bibcode=2010ZooK...69...17B |doi=10.3897/zookeys.69.737 |issn=1313-2970 |pmc=3088443 |pmid=21594038 |doi-access=free}}

Phylogeny

A cladistic analysis of the family Mecistocephalidae using morphological features places the genus Arrup in the subfamily Arrupinae, along with the genera Agnostrup, Nannarrup, and Partygarrupius. Further cladistic analysis of the subfamily Arrupinae based on external morphology places the genus Arrup in a clade with Nannarrup as a closely related sister group.{{Cite journal |last1=Foddai |first1=Donatella |last2=Bonato |first2=Lucio |last3=Pereira |first3=Luis Alberto |last4=Minelli |first4=Alessandro |date=2003 |title=Phylogeny and systematics of the Arrupinae (Chilopoda Geophilomorpha Mecistocephalidae) with the description of a new dwarfed species |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930210121672 |journal=Journal of Natural History |language=en |volume=37 |issue=10 |pages=1247–1267 [1248–1253, 1261–1262] |bibcode=2003JNatH..37.1247F |doi=10.1080/00222930210121672 |issn=0022-2933|url-access=subscription }} This analysis also places this clade inside another clade with Agnostrup as a sister group in the same branch of a phylogenetic tree.

The genus Arrup shares some distinctive features with its close relatives in the genus Nannarrup. For example, in both genera, the setae on the clypeus are arranged in two groups, one on each side of the clypeus. Furthermore, like all Arrup species, all Nannarrup species have 41 pairs of legs. Other features, however, distinguish Arrup from Nannarrup. For example, the coxosternite of the first maxillae is divided in Nannarrup but undivided in Arrup.

Species

This genus currently includes sixteen accepted species:{{Cite web |last1=Bonato |first1=L. |last2=Chagas Junior |first2=A. |last3=Edgecombe |first3=G.D. |last4=Lewis |first4=J.G.E. |last5=Minelli |first5=A. |last6=Pereira |first6=L.A. |last7=Shelley |first7=R.M. |last8=Stoev |first8=P. |last9=Zapparoli |first9=M. |date=2016 |title=Arrup Chamberlin, 1912 |url=https://chilobase.biologia.unipd.it/searches/result_genres/551 |access-date=2025-03-11 |website=ChiloBase 2.0 - A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda)}}{{cite web |title=Arrup Chamberlin, 1912 |url=https://www.gbif.org/species/2234162 |website=gbif.org |publisher=GBIF Secretariat |author=GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. |access-date=17 July 2020 }}

References

{{Reflist}}

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Category:Geophilomorpha

Category:Arthropods of Asia

Category:Taxa named by Ralph Vary Chamberlin