Arterial line
{{Short description|A catheter}}
File:Arterial kateter (Seldinger).jpg)]]
An arterial line (also art-line or a-line) is a thin catheter inserted into an artery.
Use
Arterial lines are most commonly used in intensive care medicine and anesthesia to monitor blood pressure directly and in real-time (rather than by intermittent and indirect measurement) and to obtain samples for arterial blood gas analysis. Arterial lines are generally not used to administer medication, since many injectable drugs may lead to serious tissue damage and even require amputation of the limb if administered into an artery rather than a vein.{{Cite journal|last1=Sen|first1=Surjya|last2=Chini|first2=Eduardo Nunes|last3=Brown|first3=Michael J.|date=June 2005|title=Complications After Unintentional Intra-arterial Injection of Drugs: Risks, Outcomes, and Management Strategies|journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings|language=en|volume=80|issue=6|pages=783–795|doi=10.1016/S0025-6196(11)61533-4|pmid=15945530 |doi-access=free}}
An arterial line is usually inserted into the radial artery in the wrist, but can also be inserted into the brachial artery at the elbow, into the femoral artery in the groin, into the dorsalis pedis artery in the foot, or into the ulnar artery in the wrist.{{cite book|last1=Nicol|first1=Maggie|last2=Bavin|first2=Carol|last3=Cronin|first3=Patricia|last4=Rawlings-Anderson|first4=Karen|last5=Cole|first5=Elaine|last6=Hunter|first6=Janet|title=Essential Nursing Skills E-Book|date=2012|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-0723437772|page=125|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ibPRAQAAQBAJ&q=Arterial+line|access-date=8 November 2017|language=en}} A golden rule is that there has to be collateral circulation to the area affected by the chosen artery, so that peripheral circulation is maintained by another artery even if circulation is disturbed in the cannulated artery.{{cite book|last1=Irwin|first1=Richard S.|last2=Rippe|first2=James M.|title=Manual of Intensive Care Medicine|date=2010|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=9780781799928|page=15|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FbxupW1EHIcC&q=Arterial+line|access-date=8 November 2017|language=en}}
Insertion is often painful; an anesthetic such as lidocaine can be used to make the insertion more tolerable and to help prevent vasospasm, thereby making insertion of the arterial line somewhat easier. Often times, this is also done after induction of General anesthesia. {{cite book|last1=Smith|first1=Timothy W. M.|last2=MD|first2=Duane S. Pinto|title=Tarascon Pocket Cardiologica|date=2011|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Publishers|isbn=9781449615161|page=301|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Of0rIR1Gn9wC&q=Arterial+line+lidocaine|access-date=8 November 2017|language=en}}
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Intensive care medicine}}