Arthur Johnson (academic)

Johnson earned a bachelor's degree in Agricultural Engineering in 1964, followed by a master's in 1967 and a PhD in 1969, all from Cornell University. He then joined the U.S. Army as an officer, serving in Vietnam at the rank of captain and receiving the Army Commendation Medal and Bronze Star Medal.

Johnson began his academic career at the University of Maryland, College Park in 1975, became Professor in 1986, and has held the title of professor emeritus since 2009. He was involved with the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE) for several years, where he cochaired the committee that established the organization from 1988 to 1992 and assumed the position of executive director in 2004.{{cite book |doi=10.1002/0471732877.emd167 |chapter=Medical Engineering Societies and Organizations |title=Encyclopedia of Medical Devices and Instrumentation |date=2006 |last1=Johnson |first1=Arthur T. |last2=Horner |first2=Patricia I. |isbn=978-0-471-26358-6 }} Concurrently, from 1984 to 1988, he served as President of the Alliance for Engineering in Medicine and Biology. In 1988, he was elected President of the Institute for Biological Engineering and subsequently held leadership positions at the International Society for Respiratory Protection as president from 2004 to 2006 and at the Biomedical Engineering Society as Secretary from 2004 to 2009.{{Cite web|url=http://artjohnson.umd.edu/about/index.html|title=Professor Art Johnson, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland|website=artjohnson.umd.edu}}

At the University of Maryland, Johnson contributed to the teaching of Biological Engineering undergraduate and graduate subjects. The topics of his university courses ranged from microcomputers and programming to the design of electronic circuits, to the design of transport processes systems, to biology for engineers. He wrote textbooks for some of these (Biological Process Engineering, Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology, and Biology for Engineers).{{Cite web|url=https://bioe.umd.edu/news/story/johnson-announces-retirement|title=Johnson Announces Retirement|website=bioe.umd.edu}}

Johnson has contributed to the development of SweetAire Farm. As the founder of the Darlington Apple Festival, he has been involved in organizing and promoting the event since 1986, serving as chairman of the organizing committee for its first eight years.{{Cite web|url=http://www.daggerpress.com/2011/09/29/darlington-apple-festival-celebrates-25th-anniversary-enjoy-local-community-character-pride-food-and-crafts/|title=Darlington Apple Festival Celebrates 25th Anniversary on Saturday; Enjoy Local Community Character, Pride, Food, and Crafts|date=September 29, 2011|website=The Dagger - Local News with an Edge}} He has sent out weekly SweetAire Farm email messages, providing updates on farm operations and available produce. In 2022, he compiled these messages into Greetings from SweetAire Farm: A Lifetime of Stories.{{Cite web|url=https://search.worldcat.org/title/1311596153|title=Greetings from SweetAire Farm : a lifetime of stories | WorldCat.org|website=search.worldcat.org}}

Johnson's work has encompassed respiratory mechanics and measurement, human performance while wearing respiratory protective masks, transport processes, and the development of the Airflow Perturbation Device for noninvasive respiratory resistance measurement, and he holds multiple patents for his contributions.{{Cite web|url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US10335565B2/en|title=Measuring respiratory mechanics parameters of ventilated patients}}{{Cite web|url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20160038057A1/en|title=Measuring respiratory mechanics parameters using perturbations}}{{Cite web|url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20160038056A1/en|title=Detecting temperature sensitivity of a patient's airway}} He has published five books on biomechanics, biomedical devices, and engineering. His first book, Biological Process Engineering: An Analogical Approach to Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer, and Mass Transfer Applied to Biological Systems (1998), was described by M. J. Morley as "a well-written, reader-friendly book which presents transport phenomena in biological systems in clear, simple, practical terms."{{Cite journal|url=https://ifst.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2621.1999.00358.x|title=Biological Process Engineering: An Analogical Approach to Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer, and Mass Transfer Applied to Biological Systems|date=March 5, 1999|journal=International Journal of Food Science & Technology|volume=34|issue=4|pages=403|via=Wiley Online Library|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2621.1999.00358.x}} He later published the textbooks Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology: Quantitative Modeling (2007) and Biology for Engineers (2010), which focus on engineering applications of biomechanics, physiology, and biology while emphasizing quantitative analysis. In 2015, he co-authored Design of Biomedical Devices and Systems with Paul H. King and Richard C. Fries, and Gail D. Baura called it "well written and comprehensive."{{Cite journal|url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1191458|title=Design of biomedical devices and systems [Book Review]|first=G.D.|last=Baura|date=January 5, 2003|journal=IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine|volume=22|issue=1|pages=93|via=IEEE Xplore|doi=10.1109/MEMB.2003.1191458}}

Johnson has written essays on different topics including veterans' stories,{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Arthur T. |title=The Afterlife [State of the Art] |journal=IEEE Pulse |date=March 2017 |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=38–39 |doi=10.1109/MPUL.2016.2647101 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Arthur T. |title=Veterans' Unlikely Stories |journal=IEEE Pulse |date=September 2022 |volume=13 |issue=5 |pages=41–42 |doi=10.1109/MPULS.2022.3209130 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}} the use of commas,{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Arthur |title=Oh Mama, Where's My Comma? [State of the Art] |journal=IEEE Pulse |date=November 2011 |volume=2 |issue=6 |pages=78 |doi=10.1109/MPUL.2011.943403 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}} three-letter acronyms,{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Arthur T. |title=TLAs: Are Common These Days |journal=IEEE Pulse |date=March 2022 |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=26–29 |doi=10.1109/mpuls.2022.3159068 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}} ethics, and consciousness in artificial intelligence (AI) systems, poetic instructions for course final examinations, the afterlife, the value of diverse experiences, and social relationships.{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Arthur T. |title=Ethics in the Era of Artificial Intelligence |journal=IEEE Pulse |date=May 2020 |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=44–47 |doi=10.1109/MPULS.2020.2993667 |pmid=32559169 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.embs.org/pulse/articles/consciousness-for-artificial-intelligence/|title=Consciousness for Artificial Intelligence?|date=March 19, 2024}}

Johnson invented and contributed to the development and validation of the Airflow Perturbation Device (APD), a portable tool for measuring respiratory resistance. Comparing the APD with traditional pulmonary function tests (PFTs), he discovered that the APD accurately detected changes in respiratory resistance, indicating a strong correlation with forced expiratory volume and peak flow measurements.{{cite book |doi=10.1109/DDHH.2006.1624785 |chapter=In-Home Hand-Held Device to Measure Respiratory Resistance |title=1st Transdisciplinary Conference on Distributed Diagnosis and Home Healthcare, 2006. D2H2. |date=2006 |last1=Vossoughi |first1=J. |last2=Johnson |first2=A.T. |last3=Silverman |first3=N.K. |pages=12–15 |isbn=1-4244-0058-9 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}} His work further extended to evaluating the APD's use in detecting nasal congestion's effects on respiratory resistance, where it exhibited comparable results to more invasive methods like impulse oscillometry{{Cite journal|title=Comparison of Respiratory Resistance Measurements Made with an Airflow Perturbation Device with Those from Impulse Oscillometry|first1=J.|last1=Pan|first2=A.|last2=Saltos|first3=D.|last3=Smith|first4=A.|last4=Johnson|first5=J.|last5=Vossoughi|date=March 5, 2013|journal=Journal of Medical Engineering|volume=2013|issue=1|pages=165782|doi=10.1155/2013/165782|doi-access=free |pmid=27006908|pmc=4782682}}{{psc|date=March 2025}}{{Cite journal|title=Testing limits to airflow perturbation device (APD) measurements|first1=Erika R.|last1=Lopresti|first2=Arthur T.|last2=Johnson|first3=Frank C.|last3=Koh|first4=William H.|last4=Scott|first5=Shaya|last5=Jamshidi|first6=Nischom K.|last6=Silverman|date=October 31, 2008|journal=BioMedical Engineering OnLine|volume=7|issue=1|pages=28|doi=10.1186/1475-925X-7-28|doi-access=free |pmid=18976487|pmc=2600779}}{{psc|date=March 2025}} He also conducted research comparing the APD to esophageal balloon techniques in assessing airway resistance during exercise.{{Cite journal|url=https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.4187/respcare.01037|title=Comparison of Expiratory Isovolume Pressure-Flow Curves With the Stop-Flow Versus the Esophageal-Balloon Method|first1=Derya C|last1=Coursey|first2=Steven M|last2=Scharf|first3=Arthur T|last3=Johnson|date=July 5, 2011|journal=Respiratory Care|volume=56|issue=7|pages=969–975|via=liebertpub.com (Atypon)|doi=10.4187/respcare.01037|pmid=21352665 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}{{cite journal|url=https://doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/31/7/004|title=Comparing pulmonary resistance measured with an esophageal balloon to resistance measurements with an airflow perturbation device|date=2010 |doi=10.1088/0967-3334/31/7/004 |last1=Coursey |first1=D. C. |last2=Scharf |first2=S. M. |last3=Johnson |first3=A. T. |journal=Physiological Measurement |volume=31 |issue=7 |pages=921–934 |pmid=20526028 |bibcode=2010PhyM...31..921C }}{{psc|date=March 2025}} In pediatric populations, he revealed the APD's ability to analyze respiratory function in non-cooperative children and in cases of paradoxical vocal fold motion.{{Cite journal|title=Validity of a New Respiratory Resistance Measurement Device to Detect Glottal Area Change|first1=Sally J. K.|last1=Gallena|first2=Wei|last2=Tian|first3=Arthur T.|last3=Johnson|first4=Jafar|last4=Vossoughi|first5=Stephen A.|last5=Sarles|first6=Nancy Pearl|last6=Solomon|date=May 1, 2013|journal=Journal of Voice|volume=27|issue=3|pages=299–304|doi=10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.01.006|pmid=23497798|pmc=3690319}}{{psc|date=March 2025}}

Johnson's research in biomechanics has examined respiratory mechanics, airway resistance, and human performance. In a paper on airway resistance variability, he and his colleagues analyzed respiratory resistance measurements using the Airflow Perturbation Device (APD), finding that resistance followed a distribution consistent with an optimized physiological process.{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=A. T. |last2=Jones |first2=S. C. |last3=Pan |first3=J. J. |last4=Vossoughi |first4=J. |title=Variation of Respiratory Resistance Suggests Optimization of Airway Caliber |journal=IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering |date=August 2012 |volume=59 |issue=8 |pages=2355–2361 |doi=10.1109/TBME.2012.2204055 |pmid=22711765 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}} His work on maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures established regression equations describing pressure changes across lung volumes.{{Cite journal|title=Maximum static inspiratory and expiratory pressures with different lung volumes|first1=Christopher G.|last1=Lausted|first2=Arthur T.|last2=Johnson|first3=William H.|last3=Scott|first4=Monique M.|last4=Johnson|first5=Karen M.|last5=Coyne|first6=Derya C.|last6=Coursey|date=May 5, 2006|journal=BioMedical Engineering OnLine|volume=5|issue=1|pages=29|doi=10.1186/1475-925X-5-29|doi-access=free |pmid=16677384|pmc=1501025}}{{psc|date=March 2025}} He has also investigated the metabolic cost of respiration, modeling how factors like lung volume, exhalation flow limitation, and respiratory protective equipment influence respiratory workload.{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=A.T. |title=The change in initial lung volume during exercise |journal=IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering |date=March 1995 |volume=42 |issue=3 |pages=278–281 |doi=10.1109/10.364514 |pmid=7698783 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=A. T. |title=How much work is expended for respiration? |journal=Frontiers of Medical and Biological Engineering: The International Journal of the Japan Society of Medical Electronics and Biological Engineering |date=1993 |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=265–287 |pmid=8136313 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}} In addition, by modeling exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in racing thoroughbreds, he determined that inhalation pressures during exercise can lead to capillary rupture in the lungs.{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=A. T. |last2=Soma |first2=L. R. |last3=Ferouz |first3=C. |title=Modelling exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in racing thoroughbreds |journal=Frontiers of Medical and Biological Engineering: The International Journal of the Japan Society of Medical Electronics and Biological Engineering |date=1992 |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=271–289 |pmid=1476955 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Arthur T. |last2=Masaitis |first2=Ceslovas |title=Prediction of Inhalation Time/Exhalation Time Ratio During Exercise |journal=IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering |date=September 1976 |volume=BME-23 |issue=5 |pages=376–380 |doi=10.1109/TBME.1976.324647 |pmid=977002 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}} He conducted research on lower leg high-intensity resistance training, revealing that blood flow to the calf muscles can be limited after training, indicating changes in hemodynamics associated with muscle hypertrophy.{{cite journal |last1=Bond Jr. |first1=Vernon |last2=Johnson |first2=Arthur T. |last3=Vaccaro |first3=Paul |last4=Wang |first4=Paul |last5=Adams |first5=Richard G. |last6=Tearney |first6=Russell J. |last7=Millis |first7=Richard M. |last8=Franks |first8=B. Don |last9=Bassett Jr. |first9=David R. |title=Lower Leg High-Intensity Resistance Training and Peripheral Hemodynamic Adaptations |journal=Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology |date=June 1996 |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=209–217 |doi=10.1139/h96-017 |pmid=8792025 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}} He has contributed to the application of biomechanics in agriculture, analyzing mechanical harvesting, product processing, and human biomechanics to improve agricultural productivity.{{cite journal |title=A Computer Model to Analyze and Simulate Thermoreceptor Action |journal=Transactions of the ASAE |date=1971 |volume=14 |issue=5 |pages=0828–0836 |doi=10.13031/2013.38400 |last1=a. t. Johnson And Norman r. Scott }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}{{cite journal |title=Measurement of Hypothalamic Temperature and Heart Rate of Poultry |journal=Transactions of the ASAE |date=1970 |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=0342–0347 |doi=10.13031/2013.38604 |last1=Norman r. Scott |last2=Arthur t. Johnson |last3=And a. Van Tienhoven }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}

Continuing his work on the airflow perturbation device, Johnson demonstrated that the device's measurements closely aligned with other experimental data and correctly reflected changes in airflow rate and direction in both human and animal subjects.{{cite journal |last1=Silverman |first1=Nischom K |last2=Johnson |first2=Arthur T |last3=Scott |first3=William H |last4=Koh |first4=Frank C |title=Exercise-induced respiratory resistance changes as measured with the airflow perturbation device |journal=Physiological Measurement |date=February 2005 |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=29–38 |doi=10.1088/0967-3334/26/1/003 |pmid=15742876 |bibcode=2005PhyM...26...29S }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}{{Cite journal|title=Decrease of resistance to air flow with nasal strips as measured with the airflow perturbation device|first1=Lily S.|last1=Wong|first2=Arthur T.|last2=Johnson|date=October 22, 2004|journal=BioMedical Engineering OnLine|volume=3|issue=1|pages=38|doi=10.1186/1475-925X-3-38|doi-access=free |pmid=15500689 |pmc=529298}}{{psc|date=March 2025}}{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Arthur T |last2=Sahota |first2=Manjit S |title=Validation of airflow perturbation device resistance measurements in excised sheep lungs |journal=Physiological Measurement |date=June 2004 |volume=25 |issue=3 |pages=679–690 |doi=10.1088/0967-3334/25/3/008 |pmid=15253119 |bibcode=2004PhyM...25..679J }}{{psc|date=March 2025}} He also showed the APD to be suitable for noninvasive applications in respirator research and medical surveillance, particularly for diagnosing respiratory conditions and monitoring the effects of airborne contaminants.{{cite journal |last1=Krones |first1=M. J. |last2=Johnson |first2=A. T. |last3=Hao |first3=O. J. |title=A numerical technique for interpreting the bioluminescence ATP assay |journal=Environmental Technology |date=December 1990 |volume=11 |issue=12 |pages=1107–1111 |doi=10.1080/09593339009384965 |bibcode=1990EnvTe..11.1107K }}{{psc|date=March 2025}} His research extended into the application of the APD in animal studies, where he emphasized its effectiveness in diagnosing respiratory disorders in livestock.{{Cite web|url=https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/19972217567|title=Computer-controlled rebreathing system for equine exercise testing.}}{{psc|date=March 2025}}

In addition to respiratory measurement, Johnson explored digital and analog circuits used in biomedical data processing. In his 1985 paper, he developed a program for designing digital filters, to remove noise from respiratory waveform data and enhance the accuracy of medical measurements.{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Arthur T. |title=Microcomputer program for the design of digital filters |journal=Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine |date=December 1985 |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=203–210 |doi=10.1016/0169-2607(85)90005-7 |pmid=3853972 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Arthur T. |last2=Dooly |first2=Cathryn R. |title=System to obtain exercise respiratory flow waveforms |journal=Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine |date=February 1994 |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=27–32 |doi=10.1016/0169-2607(94)90135-X |pmid=8194306 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=A.T. |last2=Holly |first2=T. |title=Terraces for erosion and runoff: A program simulation (TERPS) |journal=Computers and Electronics in Agriculture |date=July 1992 |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=121–132 |doi=10.1016/s0168-1699(05)80027-4 |bibcode=1992CEAgr...7..121J }}{{psc|date=March 2025}} Furthermore, he addressed the challenge of storing physiological signals in sample-and-hold circuits for extended periods, displaying minimal voltage drift, making it suitable for long-term biological data monitoring.{{cite journal |title=Telemetry System and Heart Rate Counter for Determination of Heart Rate of Small Animals |journal=Transactions of the ASAE |date=1972 |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=0014–0018 |doi=10.13031/2013.37819 |last1=n. r. Scott And a. t. Johnson }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}{{cite journal |title=Sample/Hold Circuit With Slow Voltage Decay |journal=Transactions of the ASAE |date=1973 |volume=16 |issue=5 |pages=0926–0929 |doi=10.13031/2013.37661 |last1=a. t. Johnson }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}

Johnson has conducted research on the physiological and performance effects of respirator masks, particularly in occupational and military contexts. His studies have examined how masks influence oxygen uptake, respiratory effort, and metabolic function during exercise, highlighting the role of mask resistance in altering ventilation patterns and increasing blood lactate accumulation.{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Arthur T. |last2=Dooly |first2=Cathryn R. |last3=Dotson |first3=Charles O. |title=Respirator Mask Effects on Exercise Metabolic Measures |journal=American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal |date=May 1995 |volume=56 |issue=5 |pages=467–473 |doi=10.1080/15428119591016881 |pmid=7754976}}{{psc|date=March 2025}} He has also contributed to understanding the interaction between respiratory and thermal stress, demonstrating how protective equipment can impact endurance and overall performance.{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Arthur T. |last2=Koh |first2=Frank C. |last3=Scott |first3=William H. |last4=Rehak |first4=Timothy E. |title=Using to Determine Inhaled Contaminant Volumes and Blower Effectiveness in Several Types of Respirators |journal=Journal of Environmental and Public Health |date=2011 |volume=2011 |pages=1–9 |doi=10.1155/2011/402148 |doi-access=free |pmid=21792358 |pmc=3139880 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}{{cite journal |last1=Coyne |first1=Karen |last2=Caretti |first2=David |last3=Scott |first3=William |last4=Johnson |first4=Arthur |last5=Koh |first5=Frank |title=Inspiratory Flow Rates During Hard Work When Breathing Through Different Respirator Inhalation and Exhalation Resistances |journal=Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene |date=September 2006 |volume=3 |issue=9 |pages=490–500 |doi=10.1080/15459620600867807 |pmid=16857648 |bibcode=2006JOEH....3..490C }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}

Beyond respiratory mechanics, Johnson has investigated the impact of respirator masks on visual acuity and task performance. His studies have shown that vision impairment due to fogging or clouded lenses significantly affects tasks requiring precision, such as hand-eye coordination and monitoring activities.{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Arthur T. |last2=Dooly |first2=Cathryn R. |last3=Brown |first3=Elizabeth Y. |title=Task Performance with Visual Acuity while Wearing a Respirator Mask |journal=American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal |date=September 1994 |volume=55 |issue=9 |pages=818–822 |doi=10.1080/15428119491018538 |pmid=7942516 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}} To address these limitations, he has developed performance rating tables (PRTs) that assess mask effectiveness under various environmental conditions and intensities.{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Arthur T. |last2=Dooly |first2=Cathryn R. |last3=Sahota |first3=Manjit S. |last4=Coyne |first4=Karen M. |last5=Benjamin |first5=M. Benhur |title=Effect of Altered Vision on Constant Load Exercise Performance While Wearing a Respirator |journal=American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal |date=August 1997 |volume=58 |issue=8 |pages=578–582 |doi=10.1080/15428119791012504 |pmid=9248031 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Arthur T. |last2=Grove |first2=Corey M. |last3=Weiss |first3=Ronald A. |title=Mask Performance Rating Table for Specific Military Tasks |journal=Military Medicine |date=October 1993 |volume=158 |issue=10 |pages=665–670 |doi=10.1093/milmed/158.10.665 |pmid=8264926 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Arthur T. |last2=Grove |first2=Corey M. |title=Respirator Mask Design Modules and Their Interactions |journal=American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal |date=December 1993 |volume=54 |issue=12 |pages=749–751 |doi=10.1080/15298669391355323 |pmid=8304279 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}

Johnson's work on transport processes has spanned heat transfer, fluid dynamics, and gas diffusion, particularly in agricultural and engineering applications. His studies on mixed convection, including experimental and numerical analyses, have examined heat transfer from spheres and cylinders, demonstrating that opposing, cross, and aiding flow regions behave differently.{{cite journal |last1=Tang |first1=L. |last2=Johnson |first2=A.T. |last3=McCuen |first3=R.H. |title=Empirical study of mixed convection about a sphere |journal=Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research |date=September 1991 |volume=50 |pages=197–208 |doi=10.1016/S0021-8634(05)80014-9 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}{{cite journal |last1=Moon |first1=S. H. |last2=Shih |first2=T. M. |last3=Johnson |first3=A. T. |title=Pressure Distributions for Upward Combined Free and Forced Convection Around Cylinders and Spheres |journal=Numerical Heat Transfer |date=January 1988 |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=65–89 |doi=10.1080/10407788808913604 |bibcode=1988NHTA...13...65M }}{{psc|date=March 2025}} In collaboration with Tang and Ohadi, he focused on refrigerant condensation, investigating HCFC-22, HFC-134a, and HFC-410A in smooth and micro-fin tubes, leading to the development of a modified Shah equation that addressed performance discrepancies for HFC-410A.{{cite journal |last1=Tang |first1=Liangyou |last2=Ohadi |first2=Michael |last3=Johnson |first3=Arthur T. |title=Flow Condensation in Smooth and Micro-fin Tubes with HCFC-22, HFC-134a and HFC-410A Refrigerants. Part I: Experimental Results |journal=Journal of Enhanced Heat Transfer |date=2000 |volume=7 |issue=5 |pages=289–310 |doi=10.1615/JEnhHeatTransf.v7.i5.10 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}{{cite journal |last1=Tang |first1=Liangyou |last2=Ohadi |first2=Michael |last3=Johnson |first3=Arthur T. |title=Flow Condensation in Smooth and Micro-fin Tubes with HCFC-22, HFC-134a and HFC-410 Refrigerants. Part II: Design Equations |journal=Journal of Enhanced Heat Transfer |date=2000 |volume=7 |issue=5 |pages=311–325 |doi=10.1615/JEnhHeatTransf.v7.i5.20 }}{{psc|date=March 2025}} Looking into gas diffusion in potato tissue, he observed that diffusion coefficients for CO, CO₂, and SO₂ remained consistent across temperature and pressure variations but were significantly affected by sample thickness.{{cite journal |title=Diffusion of Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide, and Sulfur Dioxide in Potato Tissue |journal=Transactions of the ASAE |date=1990 |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=0189–0198 |doi=10.13031/2013.31316 |last1=Sirivicha |first1=S |last2=Johnson |first2=AT |last3=Douglass |first3=LW |last4=Kramer |first4=A }}{{psc|date=March 2025}} Additionally, his research on solar collector tilt angles produced regression-based equations for optimizing energy efficiency across different geographic locations.{{cite journal |last1=Moon |first1=S.H. |last2=Felton |first2=K.E. |last3=Johnson |first3=A.T. |title=Optimum tilt angles of a solar collector |journal=Energy |date=September 1981 |volume=6 |issue=9 |pages=895–899 |doi=10.1016/0360-5442(81)90061-X |bibcode=1981Ene.....6..895M }}{{psc|date=March 2025}}

• 1970 – Army Commendation Medal, U.S. Army
• 1971 – Bronze Star Medal, U.S. Army
• 1992 – Excellence in Teaching Materials Award, American Society for Engineering Education
• 1992 – Founding Fellow, American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering
• 1996 – Life Fellow, American Society for Engineering Education
• 2001 – Apple of Our Eye Award, Darlington Apple Festival{{Cite web|url=https://www.darlingtonapplefestival.org/apple-of-our-eye-1|title=APPLE OF OUR EYE|website=Darlington Apple Festival}}
• 2002 – Life Fellow, American Society for Agricultural and Biological Engineers
• 2005 – Fellow, American Industrial Hygiene Association
• 2005 – Fellow, Biomedical Engineering Society
• 2008 – Brahm and Sudha Verma Lifetime Visionary Award, Institute of Biological Engineering
• 2009 – Life Fellow, Institute for Biological Engineering
• 2010 – Life Fellow, Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers
• 2012 – Theo Pilkington Outstanding Educator Award, American Society for Engineering Education
• 2020 – Cyrus Hall McCormick-Jerome Increase Case Gold Medal, American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers

• Biological Process Engineering: An Analogical Approach to Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer, and Mass Transfer Applied to Biological Systems (1998) ISBN 978-0-471-24547-6
• Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology: Quantitative Modeling (2007) ISBN 978-1-5744-4906-8
• Biology for Engineers (2010) ISBN 978-1-4200-7763-6
• Design of Biomedical Devices and Systems (2015) ISBN 978-1-4665-6913-3
• Greetings from SweetAire Farm: A Lifetime of Stories (2022) ISBN 978-1-6393-7031-3

• Johnson, A. T., Scott, W. H., Lausted, C. G., Benjamin, M. B., Coyne, K. M., Sahota, M. S., & Johnson, M. M. (1999). Effect of respirator inspiratory resistance level on constant load treadmill work performance. American Industrial Hygiene Association journal, 60(4), 474–479.
• Johnson, A. T., Scott, W. H., Lausted, C. G., Coyne, K. M., Sahota, M. S., & Johnson, M. M. (2000). Effect of external dead volume on performance while wearing a respirator. AIHAJ-American Industrial Hygiene Association, 61(5), 678–684.
• Johnson, A. T., Benjamin, M. B., & Silverman, N. (2002). Oxygen consumption, heat production, and muscular efficiency during uphill and downhill walking. Applied Ergonomics, 33(5), 485–491.
• Lausted, C. G., Johnson, A. T., Scott, W. H., Johnson, M. M., Coyne, K. M., & Coursey, D. C. (2006). Maximum static inspiratory and expiratory pressures with different lung volumes. Biomedical engineering online, 5, 1–6.
• Johnson, A. T. (2016). Respirator masks protect health but impact performance: a review. Journal of biological engineering, 10, 1–12.

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Category:American bioengineers

Category:21st-century American farmers

Category:American writers

Category:Fellows of the American Society for Engineering Education

Category:Fellows of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering

Category:Fellows of the IEEE

Category:Fellows of the Biomedical Engineering Society

Category:University of Maryland, College Park faculty

Category:Cornell University alumni

Category:1941 births

Category:Living people