Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs

{{Short description|Main US-oriented communications officer for foreign policy decisionmakers}}

{{Infobox Political post

| post = United States
Assistant Secretary of State
for Public Affairs

| body =

| insignia = U.S. Department of State official seal.svg

| insigniasize = 120px

| insigniacaption = Seal of the United States Department of State

| imagesize =

| style =

| residence =

| termlength =

| reports_to = The Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs

| appointer = The President of the United States

| formation = 1944

| abolished = May 28, 2019

| succession = Assistant Secretary of State for Global Public Affairs

| inaugural = Archibald MacLeish

| website = [https://www.state.gov/bureaus-offices/under-secretary-for-public-diplomacy-and-public-affairs/bureau-of-global-public-affairs/ Official Website]

| flag = Flag of the United States Assistant Secretary of State.svg

| flagcaption = Flag of an Assistant Secretary of State

}}

The Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs was the head of the Bureau of Public Affairs within the United States Department of State. The Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs reports to the Secretary of State and the Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs. On May 28, 2019, the bureau merged with the Bureau of International Information Programs into the Bureau of Global Public Affairs, and the duties of the Assistant Secretary of State merged into the duties of the Assistant Secretary of State for Global Public Affairs.{{cite web |url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/timeline/2010-2019 |title=Administrative Timeline of the Department of State |publisher=United States Department of State |accessdate=2021-08-25}}

History

The position was first created in December 1944 as the Assistant Secretary of State for Public and Cultural Relations.{{cite web|title=Assistant Secretaries of State for Public Affairs|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/principalofficers/assistant-secretary-for-public-affairs|publisher=U.S. Department of State, Office of the Historian|date=2013|access-date=November 20, 2015}} It was later changed to its current name in 1946. Initially, incumbents supervised the forerunners of the United States Information Agency and the Voice of America. Under the Presidential Appointment Efficiency and Streamlining Act of 2011, the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs does not require Senate confirmation.

Historically, the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs had a dual role as the Spokesperson for the State Department. From 2011 to 2015, the Assistant Secretary and the State Department Spokesperson were two separate roles held by different people.{{cite magazine |title=Victoria Nuland to be State Department spokesman|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2011/05/16/victoria-nuland-to-be-state-department-spokesman/|magazine=Foreign Policy |date=May 16, 2011|access-date=November 20, 2015}}{{cite web|title=Biographies for Public Affairs and Public Diplomacy: Senior Officials|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/bios|date=August 10, 2015|access-date=November 20, 2015}} In late 2015, the two roles were once again merged with the appointment of Spokesperson John Kirby as Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs.{{cite web|title=John Kirby|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/biog/242436.htm|publisher=U.S. Department of State|date=December 11, 2015|access-date=March 10, 2016}}

On May 28, 2019, the bureau merged with the Bureau of International Information Programs into the Bureau of Global Public Affairs, and the duties of the Assistant Secretary of State merged into the duties of the Assistant Secretary of State for Global Public Affairs.{{cite web |url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/timeline/2010-2019 |title=Administrative Timeline of the Department of State |publisher=United States Department of State |accessdate=2021-08-25}}

Assistant Secretaries of State for Public Affairs, 1944—2019

class="wikitable"

!#

!Image

!Name

!Assumed office

!Left office

!President appointed by

1

|60px

|Archibald MacLeish

|December 20, 1944

|August 17, 1945

|Franklin D. Roosevelt

2

|60px

|William Benton

|September 17, 1945

|September 30, 1947

|rowspan=4|Harry Truman

3

|60px

|George V. Allen

|March 31, 1948

|November 28, 1949

4

|

|Edward W. Barrett

|February 16, 1950

|February 20, 1952

5

|60px

|Howland H. Sargeant

|February 21, 1952

|January 29, 1953

6

|

|Carl McCardle

|January 30, 1953

|March 1, 1957

|rowspan=2|Dwight D. Eisenhower

7

|

|Andrew H. Berding

|March 28, 1957

|March 9, 1961

8

|60px

|Roger Tubby

|March 10, 1961

|April 1, 1962

|rowspan=2|John F. Kennedy

9

|

|Robert Manning

|April 11, 1962

|July 31, 1964

10

|

|James L. Greenfield

|September 10, 1964

|March 12, 1966

|rowspan=2|Lyndon B. Johnson

11

|

|Dixon Donnelley

|March 22, 1966

|January 31, 1969

12

|60px

|Michael Collins

|January 6, 1970

|April 11, 1971

|rowspan=2|Richard Nixon

13

|60px

|Carol Laise

|October 10, 1973

|March 27, 1975

14

|60px

|John Reinhardt

|April 22, 1975

|March 22, 1977

|Gerald Ford

15

|60px

|Hodding Carter III

|March 25, 1977

|June 30, 1980

|rowspan=2|Jimmy Carter

16

|60px

|William J. Dyess

|August 29, 1980

|July 30, 1981

17

|60px

|Dean E. Fischer

|August 7, 1981

|August 19, 1982

|rowspan=4|Ronald Reagan

18

|60px

|Robert John Hughes

|August 20, 1982

|January 1, 1985

19

|60px

|Bernard Kalb

|August 12, 1985

|October 8, 1986

20

|60px

|Charles E. Redman

|June 29, 1987

|March 1, 1989

21

|60px

|Margaret D. Tutwiler

|March 3, 1989

|August 23, 1992

|George H. W. Bush

22

|60px

|Thomas E. Donilon

|April 1, 1993

|November 7, 1996

|rowspan=3|Bill Clinton

23

|60px

|James Rubin

|August 7, 1997

|April 2, 2000

24

|60px

|Richard Boucher

|January 5, 2001

|June 2, 2005

25

|60px

|Sean McCormack

|June 2, 2005

|January 20, 2009

|George W. Bush

26

|60px

|Philip J. Crowley

|May 26, 2009

|March 13, 2011

|rowspan=4|Barack Obama

27

|60px

|Michael A. Hammer

|March 30, 2012

|August 30, 2013

28

|60px

|Douglas Frantz

|September 3, 2013

|October 1, 2015

29

|60px

|John Kirby

|December 11, 2015

|January 20, 2017

-

|60px

|Susan Stevenson (Acting)

|January 20, 2017

|February 3, 2018

| rowspan="2" |Donald Trump

30

|60px

|Michelle Giuda

|February 3, 2018

|May 28, 2019{{Cite web|url=https://www.state.gov/biographies/michelle-s-giuda/|title=Michelle S. Giuda|website=United States Department of State|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-10}}

| colspan="5" |{{center|Office abolished}} {{center|Replaced by Assistant Secretary of State for Global Public Affairs}}

References

{{reflist}}