Aston Lower Grounds
{{short description|Park and sports venue in Aston, Birmingham}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox venue
| stadium_name = Aston Lower Grounds
| image = Aston Lower Grounds - Hammond's Illustrated Guide (Birmingham) - 1882.jpg
| caption = Illustration from Hammond's Illustrated Guide (Birmingham), published 1882. Note Staffordshire Pool, top left, reached by a footbridge from the main grounds.
| location = Witton Lane, Birmingham, England
| coordinates = {{Coord|52.510430|-1.886391|type:park_region:GB-BIR|display=inline,title}}
| built = {{start date and age|1858}}
| opened = 1858
| closed = {{end date and age|1897}}
| owner =
| operator =
| construction_cost =
| capacity =
| record_attendance =
| architect =
| former_names = Lower Grounds at Aston Park
| dimensions =
| tenants = Birmingham Cricket & Football Club
}}
The Aston Lower Grounds was a pleasure ground area in Aston, (since 1911, part of Birmingham), Warwickshire, England. It was open to the public in the late Victorian era. The facility included a lake, which lay across the boundary of the adjacent county, Staffordshire.
History
File:Ordnance Survey - Staffordshire Sheet LXIX.SW - 1889 (cropped - Aston Lower Grounds).png
The Lower Grounds were originally the kitchen, private gardens, and fish-ponds belonging to Aston Hall. The Grounds, under the name of Aston Park, were opened to the public by Queen Victoria on 16 June 1858, marking her first visit to Birmingham.{{cite journal |title=The progress to the Park |journal=Supplement to the Birmingham Journal |date=19 June 1858 |page=3}}
J. A. Langford was put in charge of the Aston Hall and Park Company,Aston Hall and Company Limited, Memorandum and Articles of Association, 1858 but the Park suffered from a number of disasters. In 1861, a group of "roughs" rioted when refused admission to a performance by Charles Blondin,{{cite journal |title=Serious riot and destruction of property at Aston Park |journal=Birmingham Post |date=18 September 1861 |page=2}} and in July 1863, during a charity fête in the Park, Selina Powell, a tightrope walker who performed under the name of "Madame Geneive, the Female Blondin", fell to her death.{{cite journal |title=Foresters' fete at Aston |journal=Birmingham Post |date=21 July 1863 |page=2}} The company was duly liquidated in 1864.{{cite journal |title=Dissolution of the company |journal=Birmingham Post |date=26 May 1864 |page=8}}
The clerk of works, Henry Quilter, had already arranged to take over 31 acres of the park area, in the Lower Grounds directly to the north of Aston Park, which soon became the name by which the area was known; the first season tickets for entry to all facilities (including boating and quoit clubs) were 10/6, and 5/- for the grounds only.{{cite journal |title=Aston Park, Lower Grounds |journal=Birmingham Post |date=14 April 1864 |page=1}}
Quilter improved the Grounds by preparing 2 lakes for boating, and adding a roller-skating rink in 1875;{{cite journal |title=The skating rink at the Lower Grounds |journal=Birmingham Post |date=3 May 1875 |page=6}} he also adapted the cricket pitch for football over the winter from 1874, with a football club made up of the workers on the grounds, Birmingham F.C., being set up.{{cite journal |title=The Editor's Handbook |journal=Sports Argus |date=20 April 1901 |page=1}} However, Quilter too ran out of money, and in 1878 he sold his interest to the Aston Lower Grounds Company, which made Quilter managing director, for £45,000 in cash and shares, although £35,000 was owed on a mortgage to the previous freehold owner.{{cite journal |title=Aston Lower Grounds Company (Limited) |journal=Birmingham Post |date=1 January 1878 |page=4}}
Witton station opened adjacent to the grounds, on the London and North Western's Grand Junction Railway line, in 1876.
In 1879, an aquarium was set up, in a 312' long building.{{cite journal |title=The aquarium and assembly rooms |journal=Birmingham Post |date=7 April 1879 |page=5}} The aquarium was not a success, and a menagerie replaced it in 1886, which included an aviary, a monkey house, tigers, lions, a leopard, Russian bears, elephants, and kangaroos.{{cite journal |title=Aston Lower Grounds |journal=Birmingham Post |date=21 January 1886 |page=4}} The Buffalo Bill Wild West show also played at the Lower Grounds in September 1891.{{cite journal |title=Aston Lower Grounds |journal=Birmingham Mail |date=14 September 1891 |page=1}}
File:Villa Park Proposed Extension 1914.png
In October 1895, Aston Villa F.C. decided to sell its Wellington Road ground and move to the Lower Grounds; the club resolved to spend £14,000 on upgrading the facilities for football, including replacing the cinder cycling track with a concrete one.{{cite journal |title=The Aston Villa club |journal=Morning Leader |date=21 January 1897 |page=10}} Some of the Pleasure Grounds buildings remained, but most of the facilities were subsumed into the building of Villa Park, and in 1911 Villa bought the entire site, closing it off to the general public.{{cite book |author=Inglis, Simon |title=Villa Park: 100 Years |publisher=Sports Projects Ltd |location=Birmingham |year=1997 |isbn=0-946866-43-0}} The club demolished the buildings in 1912.{{cite journal |title=Disappearance of Aston Lower Grounds |journal=Birmingham Mail |date=7 August 1912 |page=2}}
Cricket
The Park held cricket matches from at least 1861, when the North met the South on what was called the "New Ground".{{cite journal |title=Aston Park Grand Cricket Match |journal=Birmingham Post |date=30 August 1861 |page=1}}
The most prestigious cricket match the ground held was between the Australians and an England XI, featuring five Lancashire professionals, on 26 May 1884; the match was scheduled for 3 days, but was over in 1, the swift conclusion being blamed on a grassless and muddy pitch. Australia won by 4 wickets, with 217 runs being scored in the entire match.{{cite journal |title=Australians v An Eleven of England |journal=Field |date=31 May 1884 |page=746}}
By 1889 however the ground had been sold for housing, with Jardine Road, Endicott Road, and Nelson Road being built over the pitch, and sporting events moved to the drained fish-pond/ornamental lake area, which did not have enough room for a full cricket field.
Football
The football ground – on the cricket pitch – was considered the most prestigious in the Midlands, hosting the Birmingham Senior Cup finals until 1895,{{cite journal |title=Football |journal=Morning Post |date=30 April 1895 |page=3}} and representative matches involving the Birmingham Football Association.{{cite journal |title=Football - Sheffield v Birmingham |journal=Sheffield Daily Telegraph |date=1 January 1876 |page=12}} It even hosted a floodlit match between Quilter's Birmingham club and Nottingham Forest in 1878.{{cite journal |title=Electric light |journal=Birmingham Post |date=25 October 1878 |page=1}}
Cycling
Cycling events had been held in the Upper Park in 1870, and by 1875 the Lower Grounds was hosting such events; A 501 yard cinder cycling track was also installed in 1879, around the cricket pitch. The track held the National Cycling Union championships between 1882 and 1887. The sale of the cricket ground required a new track - a quarter of a mile around, with banked corners - to be set up in 1889,{{cite journal |title=Cycling at the Lower Aston Grounds |journal=Birmingham Mail |date=11 June 1889 |page=7}} on the site of the ornamental lake.{{cite journal |title=Cycle jottings |journal=Athletic News |date=8 April 1889 |page=7}} A new concrete banked track was built when Aston Villa bought the Lower Grounds.{{cite web |title=Birmingham - Aston Lower Grounds |url=https://www.oldvelodromes.co.uk/HTML%20tracks/38.html |website=Old Velodromes |access-date=8 June 2024}}
References
{{reflist}}
Category:Football venues in Birmingham, West Midlands
Category:Defunct cricket grounds in England
Category:Defunct velodromes in the United Kingdom
Category:Rugby union stadiums in England
Category:Sports venues completed in 1859
Category:1859 establishments in England