Astrakhan Tatars
{{Short description|Subgroup of the Volga Tatars}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Astrakhan Tatars
| image =
| population = 60,000
| region1 = {{flagcountry| Russia}}
| pop1 = 30,000–60,000
| region2 =
| pop2 =
| ref2 =
| region3 =
| pop3 =
| ref3 =
| region4 =
| pop4 =
| ref4 =
| region5 =
| pop5 =
| ref5 =
| languages = Tatar, Nogai, Russian
| religions = Sunni Islam
| related = Tatars
| footnotes =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
}}
Astrakhan Tatars ({{langx|tt-Latn|Əsterxan tatarları, Əsterhan tatarlary, Ashtarkhan tatarları}}) are an ethnic subgroup of the Tatar.
In the 15th to 17th-centuries, the Astrakhan Tatars inhabited the Astrakhan Khanate (1459–1556), which was also inhabited by the Nogai Horde, and the Astrakhan Tatars exerted a profound effect on Nogais. Since the 17th century, there has been an increased interaction and ethnic mixing of the Astrakhan Tatars with Volga Tatars.
Compare:
{{cite web
|url= http://xacitarxan.narod.ru/astat.htm
|title= History astrakhan tatars
|quote=
}}
Population
File:Расселение татар в ЮФО и СКФО по городским и сельским поселениям, в %.png and North Caucasian Federal District by urban and rural settlements in %, 2010 census]]
The Astrakhan Tatars (around 60,000) are a group of Tatars, descendants of the Astrakhan Khanate's nomadic population, who live mostly in Astrakhan Oblast. For the Russian Census in 2010, most Astrakhan Tatars declared themselves simply as Tatars and few declared themselves as Astrakhan Tatars. A large number of Volga Tatars live in Astrakhan Oblast and differences between them have been disappearing.
According to the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, writing in 1911, "The Astrakhan Tatars (about 10,000) are, with the Mongol Kalmucks, all that now remains of the once so powerful Astrakhan empire. They also are agriculturists and gardeners..."{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Tatars|volume=26|page=448|first1=Peter Alexeivitch|last1=Kropotkin|author-link1=Peter Kropotkin|first2=Charles Norton Edgcumbe|last2=Eliot|author-link2=Charles Eliot (diplomat)}}
While Astrakhan (Ästerxan) Tatar is a mixed dialect, around 43,000 have assimilated to the Middle (i.e., Kazan) dialect. Their ancestors are Kipchaks, Khazars and some Volga Bulgars. (Volga Bulgars had trade colonies in modern Astrakhan and Volgograd oblasts of Russia.)
The Astrakhan Tatars also assimilated the Agrzhan.Wixman, Ronald. The Peoples of the USSR: An Ethnographic Handbook. (Armonk, New York: M. E. Sharpe, Inc, 1984) p. 15
The Astrakhan Tatars are further divided into the Kundrov, Yurt and Karagash Tatars. The latter are also at times called the Karashi Tatars.Olson, James S., An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of the Russian and Soviet Empires. (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1994) p. 55
Culture
= 20th century =
To 1917, the Astrakhan - one of the major centers of Tatar cultural and social life. Some Kazan Tatars settled in Astrakhan. In 1892, the functioning madrassas "lower classes." The newspaper "Azat Halyk" (1917-1919), "Irek" (1917), "Islah" (1907), "tartysh" (1917-1919), "Idel" (1907 - 1914, renewed in 1991). News magazines "Azat Khanum" (1917-1918), "Magarif" (1909), "Wheel" (1907), etc. Since 1907, he has worked Tatar folk theater. In 1919, organized by Astrakhan Tatar drama school.
= Present =
At present, the company operates the Astrakhan region of the Tatar national culture "Duslyk" and Tatar youth center "Umid" (founded in 1989). Parallel works "Center of preservation and development of the Tatar culture" at the nonprofit Partnership [http://tatar-centr.ru/ Tatar business center] (NP TDC){{Citation needed|date=May 2021}}
Notable Astrakhan Tatars
- Alex Battler – Russian-Canadian scholar and political writer.
- Rinat Dasayev – Russian football coach and a former Soviet goalkeeper.
- Renat Davletyarov - Russian film director, film producer and screenwriter.
- Marziyya Davudova – Russian-born Soviet Azerbaijani actress{{Cite web |last= |date=2011-06-17 |title=Победитель "Евровидения" Эльдар Касумов споет на языке своей бабушки |trans-title=Eurovision winner Eldar Kasumov will sing in the language of his grandmother |url=https://aze.az/news_pobeditel_evrovideniya_el_60595.html |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=AZE.az |language=en-US}}
Sources
- DM Iskhakov. Астраханские татары: этническое расселение и динамика численности в XVIII – начале XX вв. (The Astrakhan Tatars: Ethnic Settlement and Population Dynamics from the 18th to Beginning of the 20th Century). Kazan, 1992. - pp. 5-33.
- The Tartars. The people of Russia. Encyclopedia. - Moscow, 1994. - pp. 320–321.
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [http://xacitarxan.narod.ru/ First site Astrakhan Tatars]
{{Tatars}}
{{Ethnic groups of Russia}}
{{Authority control}}