Asyut Treasure
{{short description|Byzantine hoard found in Egypt}}
{{infobox artefact
|name = Asyut Treasure
|image = 300px
|image_caption = Aysut Treasure body chain
|material = Gold and precious stones
|size =
|writing =
|created = 3rd – late 6th Centuries AD
|period = Byzantine
|place =
|location = British Museum, London
Metropolitan Museum, New York
Kunstgewerbemuseum, Berlin
|id =
}}
The Asyut Treasure is the name of an important Byzantine hoard of jewellery found near the city of Asyut, central Egypt. Discovered in mysterious circumstances in the early twentieth century, the treasure is now divided between the Kunstgewerbemuseum in Berlin, the British Museum in London and the Metropolitan Museum in New York City.[http://www.smb.museum/en/museums-and-institutions/kunstgewerbemuseum/home.html Kunstgewerbemuseun website] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103235135/http://www.smb.museum/en/museums-and-institutions/kunstgewerbemuseum/home.html |date=November 3, 2014 }}[https://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/search.aspx?people=90180&peoA=90180-3-9 British Museum Collection][http://www.metmuseum.org/collection/the-collection-online/search/464070?rpp=30&pg=1&ft=Pectoral&pos=1 Metropolitan Museum Collection]
Discovery
In 1909, a large gold hoard from late antiquity was found either at Tomet near Asyut, or at the ancient site of Antinoë, on the eastern bank of the Nile in central Egypt. The exact circumstances of the find remain obscure as the treasure was not excavated by professional archaeologists. The very high quality of the pieces, some of which were embossed with medallions of the Byzantine Emperor, link the Asyut Treasure to the imperial court in Constantinople. The assemblage of gold jewellery was possibly brought from the capital to the supposedly safer environment of Egypt in the early 7th century, before it was hidden there from the Arab invasions in the mid 7th century.
Description
Thirty six objects have been attributed to the treasure that range in date from the third to the sixth century. Twelve pieces came to Berlin, including a large bejewelled pectoral, two elaborate necklaces and several pairs of bracelets, all the gift of Friedrich Ludwig von Gans in 1912/13.{{Cite web|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/130870_040871/33548405392/in/photostream/|title = From the Golden Treasure of Asyut, Egypt|date = 18 April 2012}} Six objects were donated in 1916 to the British Museum by Mary Lyman Burns, sister of the financier J. Pierpont Morgan. They include a massive body-chain,[https://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/pe_mla/g/gold_breast_chain.aspx British Museum highlights] the largest piece of jewellery known from the early Byzantine period, plus a matching pair of earrings and necklace, and two spiral bracelets in the form of snake. The remainder of the treasure is held by the Metropolitan Museum, many of which were donated by Pierpont Morgan in 1917. It includes one of the most famous pieces – a plain neck ring attached to a frame, set with a large central medallion of a Byzantine emperor with the obverse showing the figure of Constantinopolis seated on a throne. Other pieces in the Met include another gold pectoral set with the semissis of Emperor Maurice Tiberius, and two matching pairs of bracelets.[http://www.metmuseum.org/collection/galleries/medieval/302 Metropolitan Museum Collection]
Gallery
File:Byzantine Jewellery (1).JPG|Necklace with matching earrings in the British Museum
See also
References
{{Reflist|2}}
Further reading
{{commons category|Asyut Treasure}}
- E. Dospěl Williams, “Into the hands of a well-known antiquary of Cairo”: The Assiut Treasure and the Making of an Archaeological Hoard. West 86th: A Journal of Decorative Arts, Design History, and Material Culture (The University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Bard Graduate Center), vol. 21, no. 2 (Fall-Winter 2014), pp. 251-272{{Cite journal |last=Williams |first=Elizabeth Dospěl |date=2014 |title=“Into the hands of a well-known antiquary of Cairo”: The Assiut Treasure and the Making of an Archaeological Hoard |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/679985 |journal=West 86th: A Journal of Decorative Arts, Design History, and Material Culture |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=251–272 |doi=10.1086/679985 |issn=2153-5531|url-access=subscription }}
- S. Marzinzik, Masterpieces: Early Medieval Art (London, British Museum Press, 2013)
- W Dennison, A Gold treasure of the Late Roman Period, London 1918
- J.P.C. Kent and K.S. Painter (eds.), Wealth of the Roman world, AD 300–700 (London, The British Museum Press, 1977)
- D. Buckton (ed.), Byzantium: Treasures of Byzantine Art and Culture (London, The British Museum Press, 1994)
- K. Brown, The gold breast chain from the Early Byzantine Period in the Romisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, (Mainz, 1984)
Category:Medieval European metalwork objects
Category:Collection of the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin
Category:Medieval European objects in the British Museum
Category:Jewelry in the Metropolitan Museum of Art
Category:Metalwork in the Metropolitan Museum of Art
Category:Egypt–United States relations