Athyrium flexile

{{Short description|Species of fern}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}

{{Speciesbox

| name = Newman's lady-fern

| image =

| genus = Athyrium

| species = flexile

| authority = Tausch ex Opiz

}}

Athyrium flexile, commonly known as Newman's lady-fern or the flexile lady fern,{{cite web | url = http://www.rogergolding.co.uk/ferns/ferngenus/athyrium/flexile.html | title = Athyrium distentifolium var. flexile • Flexile Lady Fern | accessdate = 1 March 2020 | publisher = Roger Golding}} is a taxon of fern which is endemic to Scotland. It has been regarded as a species, but it is considered to be an ecotype of the Alpine lady fern.{{cite web | url = https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.666245 | title = Biology of Athyrium distentifolium and A. flexile in Scotland | accessdate = 1 March 2020 | publisher = The British Library}} This fern is pale to yellow green in colour and has elliptic, double pinnate leaves which are deciduous.{{cite web | url = https://www.fernid.info/athyrium_distentifolium_var._flexile | title = Athyrium distentifolium var. flexile | accessdate = 1 March 2020 | work = Fern ID The Ferns Identifier for the British Isles | publisher = Arwystli Networks}} This ecotype grows more quickly and matures faster than the Alpine lady fern in substrates which have low levels of nutrients and is outcompeted by the Alpine lady fern in other situations.

It is an upland variety typically found above {{convert|750|m|ft}} on screes made up of siliceous rocks such as quartzite and granite in the Highlands where it is found at only four sites.[http://www.jncc.gov.uk/protectedsites/sacselection/habitat.asp?FeatureIntCode=H8110 "Habitat account - Rocky habitats and caves: 8110 Siliceous scree of the montane to snow levels (Androsacetalia alpinae and Galeopsietalia ladani)"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101013184037/http://www.jncc.gov.uk/ProtectedSites/SACselection/habitat.asp?FeatureIntCode=H8110 |date=13 October 2010 }}. JNCC. Retrieved 1 June 2008. It is a snow-tolerant species, the snow lie protecting it from frosts. This small, deciduous fern is normally recorded from cool, shaded, north easterly to north westerly facing scree-slopes or where there is scree of large blocks of acidic rocks, particularly in areas where the snow lies late into the Spring and there is melt-water trickling down gullies.{{cite web | url = https://www.brc.ac.uk/plantatlas/plant/athyrium-flexile | title= Athyrium flexile | work = Online Atlas of British and Irish Flora | accessdate = 1 March 2020 | publisher = Biological Records Centre}}

Athyrium flexile was first described in 1853 but may be a stunted variety of Alpine Lady-fern A. distentifolium, a single gene mutation accounting for the difference between the two.McHaffie, H. S.; Legg, C. J.; and Ennos, R. A. (December 2001) [https://www.jstor.org/pss/1353720 "A Single Gene with Pleiotropic Effects Accounts for the Scottish Endemic Taxon Athyrium distentifolium var. flexile"] New Phytologist, 152 No. 3 pp. 491-500. Retrieved 29 June 2008. It is considered by some experts to be a variant of Alpine Lady-fern (Athyrium distentifolium' var. flexile) rather than a distinct species.[http://www.biodiversityscotland.gov.uk/sbl_detail.php?id=39&type=2&navID=93&pageref=sbl_detail&tvk=NBNSYS0000101625 "The Scottish Biodiversity List - Species & Habitat Detail"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071023060125/http://www.biodiversityscotland.gov.uk/sbl_detail.php?id=39&type=2&navID=93&pageref=sbl_detail&tvk=NBNSYS0000101625 |date=October 23, 2007 }} Biodiversity Scotland. Retrieved 29 June 2008.[http://www.ukbap.org.uk/UKPlans.aspx?ID=121 "Species Action Plan: Newman's Lady Fern (Athyrium flexile)"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031122216/http://www.ukbap.org.uk/UKPlans.aspx?ID=121 |date=October 31, 2007 }} BAP. Retrieved 29 June 2008.Shaw, Philip and Thompson, Des (eds.) (2006) The Nature of the Cairngorms: Diversity in a changing environment. Edinburgh. The Stationery Office. {{ISBN|0-11-497326-1}}. pp. 221 and 233-34.

Regarded as nationally scarce and vulnerable, more than 75% of the population is found in the high Cairngorm mountains including the boulder field plateau of Braeriach and in upper Glen Doll. It is found as high as {{convert|900|m}} in Glen Einich.[http://www.bsbi.org.uk/Altitudes.rtf "Altitudinal limits of British and Irish vascular plants"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404194905/http://www.bsbi.org.uk/Altitudes.rtf |date=2007-04-04 }} (rtf) Botanical Society of the British Isles. Retrieved 29 June 2008.