Atopobium
{{Short description|Genus of bacteria}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Automatic_taxobox
| taxon = Atopobium
| authority = Collins and Wallbanks 1993
| type_species = Atopobium minutum
| type_species_authority = (Hauduroy et al. 1937) Collins & Wallbanks 1993
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
- A. deltae
- "A. detroiti"
- A. fossor
- "A. massiliense"
- A. minutum
}}
Atopobium is a genus of Actinomycetota, in the family Coriobacteriaceae. Atopobium species are anaerobic, Gram-positive rod-shaped or elliptical bacteria found as single elements or in pairs or short chains.
Atopobium vaginae was discovered in 1999.{{cite journal |vauthors=Rodriguez Jovita M, Collins MD, Sjödén B, Falsen E |title=Characterization of a novel Atopobium isolate from the human vagina: description of Atopobium vaginae sp. nov. |journal=Int J Syst Bacteriol |volume=49 |issue=4 |pages=1573–6|year=1999 |pmid=10555338 |doi=10.1099/00207713-49-4-1573|doi-access=free }} This is a facultative anaerobic bacteria, which form small colonies on blood agar at 37 °C is also positive for acid phosphatase. This species has now been reclassified into the genus Fannyhessea following phylogenetic studies.
Clinical significance
The genus Atopobium may be associated with bacterial vaginosis.{{cite journal |vauthors=Verhelst R, Verstraelen H, Claeys G, Verschraegen G, Delanghe J, Van Simaey L, De Ganck C, Temmerman M, Vaneechoutte M|title=Cloning of 16S rRNA genes amplified from normal and disturbed vaginal microflora suggests a strong association between Atopobium vaginae, Gardnerella vaginalis and bacterial vaginosis.|journal=BMC Microbiol. |volume=4 |issue=16 |pages=1573–6|date=Apr 21, 2004 |pmid=15102329 |doi=10.1186/1471-2180-4-16 |pmc=419343 |doi-access=free }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Burton JP, Devillard E, Cadieux PA, Hammond JA, Reid G|title=Detection of Atopobium vaginae in postmenopausal women by cultivation-independent methods warrants further investigation.|journal=J Clin Microbiol|volume=42 |issue=16 |pages=1829–1831 |date=Apr 21, 2004 |pmid=15071062 |pmc=387601 |doi=10.1128/jcm.42.4.1829-1831.2004}}{{cite journal | title=A preliminary survey of Atopobium vaginae in women attending the Dunedin gynaecology out-patients clinic: is the contribution of the hard-to-culturemicrobiota overlooked in gynaecological disorders? | date=October 2005 | vauthors=Burton JP, Chilcott CN, Al-Qumber M, Brooks HJ, Wilson D, Tagg JR, Devenish C | journal=The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology | volume=45 | issue=5 | pages=450–2 | doi=10.1111/j.1479-828X.2005.00456.x | pmid=16171487| s2cid=44888920 }}
The genus may play a role in the development of Colorectal cancer. While the genus has been reported as overrepresented in feces of patients,{{cite journal|url= |title=Human Gut Microbiome and Risk for Colorectal Cancer |first1=J.|last1=Ahn |first2=R.|last2=Sinha |first3=Z.|last3=Pei |first4=C.|last4=Dominianni |first5=J.|last5=Wu |first6=J.|last6=Shi |first7=J. J.|last7=Goedert |first8=R. B.|last8=Hayes |first9=L.|last9=Yang |date=18 December 2013|journal=J Natl Cancer Inst|volume=105|issue=24|pages=1907–1911|doi=10.1093/jnci/djt300|pmid=24316595|pmc=3866154}} A. minutum has conversely shown a mild apoptotic effect on cancer cells in vitro and has been suggested to be comparable to probiotic bacteria in regards to colorectal cancer.{{cite journal|url= |title=Differential induction of apoptosis in human colonic carcinoma cells (Caco-2) by Atopobium, and commensal, probiotic and enterophathogenic bacteria: mediation by the mitochondrial pathway|first1=M.O.|last1=Altonsy|first2=S.C.|last2=Andrews |first3=K.M.|last3=Tuohy |date=28 February 2010|journal=International Journal of Food Microbiology|volume=137|issue=2–3|pages=190–203|doi=10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.11.015 |pmid= 20036023}}
Phylogeny
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN){{cite web |author=A.C. Parte |url=https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/atopobium |title=Atopobium |access-date=2025-02-28 |publisher=List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) |display-authors=et al.}} and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).{{cite web |author=C.L. Schoch |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Tree&id=1380&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock |title=Atopobium |access-date=2025-02-28 |publisher=National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database |display-authors=et al.}}
See also
References
External links
- https://web.archive.org/web/20070929134318/http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Main/Classification/112091.htm
{{Portal bar|Biology}}
{{Bacteria classification}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q3629016}}
{{actinobacteria-stub}}